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1、恩波考研-----------------------------------------------------------阅读新题型Passage1Archaeologicalstudycoversanextremelylongspanoftimeandagreatvarietyofsubjects.Theearliestsubjectsofarchaeologicalstudydatefromtheoriginsofhumanity.Theseincludefossilremainsbelieve
2、dtobeofhumanancestorswholived3.5millionto4.5millionyearsago.TheearliestarchaeologicalsitesincludethoseinEthiopia,Tanzania,Kenya;andelsewhereinEastAfrica.Thesesitescontainevidenceofthefirstappearanceofbipedal(upright-walking),apelikeearlyhumans.(1)______
3、___________.Thefirstphysicallymodernhumans,Homosapiens,appearedintropicalAfricabetween200,000and150,000yearsago—datesdeterminedbymolecularbiologistsandarchaeologistsworkingtogether.DozensofarchaeologicalsitesthroughoutAsiaandEuropeshowhowpeoplemigratedfr
4、omAfricaandsettledthesetwocontinentsduringthelastIceAge(100,000to15,000yearsago).(2)____________________.Archaeologistshavedocumentedthatthedevelopmentofagriculturetookplaceabout10,000yearsago.Earlydomestication—theplantingandharvestingofplantsandthebree
5、dingandherdingofanimals—isevidentinsuchplacesastheancientsettlementinJordanandinMexico.Archaeologyplaysamajorroleinthestudyofearlycivilizations,suchasthoseoftheSumeriansofMesopotamia,whobuiltthecityofUr,andtheancientEgyptians,whoarefamousforthepyramidsne
6、arthecityofGizaandtheroyalsepulchres(tombs)oftheValleyoftheKingsatThebes.(3)__________________________Archaeologicalresearchspanstheentiredevelopmentofphenomenathatareuniquetohumans.Forinstance,archaeologytellsthestoryofwhenpeoplelearnedtoburytheirdeadan
7、ddevelopedbeliefsinanafterlife.Sitescontainingsignsofthefirstsimplebutpurposefulburialsingravesdatetoasearlyas40,08yearsagoinEuropeandSouthwestAsia.Bythetimepeoplelivedincivilizations,burialsandfuneralceremonieshadbecomeextremelyimportantandelaborateritu
8、als.(4)___________________Archaeologyalsoexaminesmorerecenthistoricalperiods.SomearchaeologistsworkwithhistoriantostudyAmericancoloniallife,forexample.Theyhavelearnedsuchdiverseinformationashowtheearliestcolonialsettlersin