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1、语法复习六:状语从句由从句担任的状语,在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目,也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句,这些从句仍是今后高考热点,应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。(一)时间状语从句表示时间的状语从句可由when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till(until),since,once,ass
2、oonas(或themoment),bythetime,nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when,everytime等引导。e.g.WhenIcameintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.Hestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.NosoonerhadIgonetobedthanIwenttosleep.(二)原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原
3、因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,nowthat(既然)等,for表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.(三)地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Mak
4、eamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.(四)目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so,sothat(从句谓语常有情态动词),inorderthat,incase(以防,以免)等。e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.(五)结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态
5、结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由sothat42(从句谓语一般没有情态动词),so…that,such…that等引导。e.g.Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.(六)条件状语从句条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语
6、从句的词(组)主要有if,unless,so(as)longas,onconditionthat,so(as)faras,ifonly(=if)。注意:条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。e.g.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.SofarasIknow(据我所知),hewillbeawayforthreemonths.Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(
7、=if)youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.(七)让步状语从句让步状语从句可由although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whether…or,nomatterwho(when,what,…)等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Childasheis
8、,heknowsalot.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.(八)方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as,asif(though),theway,ratherthan等引导。e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.Heactedasifn