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1、高一英语定语从句的归纳一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。【as除外】6.引导词的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句（主
2、句和定语从句之间无逗号）。①直接由引导词引导定语从句Themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导Themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.IneedapenwithwhichIcanwritealetter.=IneedapieceofpaperonwhichIcanwritealetter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：Theman(who/whom/that)Italkedaboutatthemeet
3、ingisfromBeijingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Thepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。①直接由引导词引导定语从句。②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导。Iliveinahousefa
4、rawayfromthecity,infrontofwhichisabigtree.Thereisanappletreestandingatthegate,onwhicharemanyapples.ThisisthemantowhomIgavethebook.③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“ofwhich/whom+名词/代词”(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)引导。One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。
5、Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比较：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比较：Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻
6、译时可译成两个句子。Theengineer,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.（那位工程师被很快送往医院，其腿部受了重伤）Theengineerwhoselegwasbadlyhurtwasquicklysenttohospital.（那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院）3.在非限定性定语从句中，任何引导词都不能省略（包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内）。指人做主语时只能用who,做宾语时用whom;指物做主语，宾语都用which;关系副词用when或where，也不能省略。Theman,______is
7、sittingonthechair,ismyfather.Thewoman,_______Imetyesterday,ismyEnglishteacher.Thecity,_______isfaraway,isverybeautiful.HewenttoAmerica,______hisparentslive.HejoinedtheArmyyesterday,______Ileft,too.4.whose引导非限定性定语从句：Thehouse,whosewindowfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,thewindowofwhic
