高考语法专题：定语从句

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1、★精品文档★高考语法专题：定语从句高考语法专题：定语从句考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，who引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。(1)关系代词：that,which,who,who,whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。that,指人或物：Whoistheanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Thefinger(that)Iputintoyouthwasnottheone(that)Ihaddippedintothecup.w

2、hich,指物：Acheical’sshopisashopwhichsellsedicine.(作主语)Thefil(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.(作宾语)who,who,whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：Theanwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadaster.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创14/14★精品文档★Who’sthean(who)youjusttaledto?Thisistheroowhosewindowfacessouth.介词后指人用who,

3、指物用which。介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who,that，也可省略：Thisistherooinwhichwelivedlastyear.=Thisistheroo(which/that)welivedinlastyear.Who’stheanwithwhoyoujustshoohands?=Who’sthean(who/who/that)youjustshoohandswith?但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：Isthistheboowhichshewaslooingfor?(2)关系副词：when,where,why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。whe

4、n,指时间：Istillreeberthedaywhen(onwhich)IfirstcaetoBeijing.比较：IstillreeberthedaythatIspentinBeijing.where,指地点：Thisisthehousewhere(inwhich)Ilivedtwoyearsago.比较：ThisisthehousethatIboughttwoyearsago.2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创14/14★精品文档★why,指原因：在“reason”后：Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatthecarbroed

5、ownontheway.比较：Thereasonthathegaveusisnotreasonable.(3)thesae...as;such...as引导的定语从句：ThisisthesaepenasIlostyesterday.youshouldpayoreattentiontosuchistaesasyouadelasttie.Thisissuchaninterestingbooaseveryoneliestoread.(4)定语从句典例：LiHuaisoneoftheboyswhoareneverlateforschool.(who指boys)李华是从不迟到的男孩之

6、一。LiHuaistheonlyoneoftheboyswhoisneverlateforschool.(who指one)李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。Isthisnewteachingbuildingtheoneyouvisitedlastnight?(变为陈述句后，is移到building之后。)2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创14/14★精品文档★Isthisthenewteachingbuildingyouvisitedlastnight?(变为陈述句后，is移到this之后。)Whoistheanthatistalingwithourtea

7、cher?(为避免重复，用that不用who)(5)定语从句应注意的几点：A.that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别：Thefactthatwetaledaboutisveryiportant.(that引导的是定语从句，that作宾语，可省略。)Thefactthatthechineseinventedthecopassisnowntoall.(that引导的是同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略，句子介绍的是fact的具体内容。)B.用that不用which：两者都可表物，大部分情况可通用，但