the german economic crisis - villanova university：德国的经济危机-维拉诺瓦大学

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1、TheGermanEconomicCrisisByKatherineKaufoldTheMathematicsofFinanceDecember13,2000EndofWorldWarIAttheendofWWI,therewasmuchpoliticalinstabilitybecauseoftherevolutionsthroughoutGermanyGermanywasreallydividedpolitically,socially,andeconomicallyStruggleforpo

2、werinvolvedlotsofviolenceNov9,1918FreidrichEbert(SPD)gainedcontrolofGermanyandTheDeclarationoftheWeimarRepublicEnteringaPeriodofCrisisInternationalContextWithallthewardebts,Germanyhadsomanyproblemswithsomanycountries,theyhadnohelpforthemselves.Econom

3、icExtremeinflationledpeopletoblameothersanddowhatevertheyhadtoinordertoeat.CounterRevolutionpoliticalinstabilityledpeopletoriotanduseviolenceasameansofcontrolandpower.InternationalSettlementsTreatyofVersailles:gaveGermanythesoleresponsibilityforthew

4、arguiltandreparationsTheStrugglefortheRuhr:FranceoccupiedtheRuhrBasinbecausetheyfeltGermanywasnotobeyingthetreatyContractsandAgreements:CountriesformedagreementswitheachotherVersaillesTreaty:LossofTerritoryLost13.1%ofitsterritoryand10%ofitspopulationT

5、heseterritorieswererichinagriculturalandmineralresourcesLossofAlsace-LorrainandhalfofUpperSilesiadisruptedsomeofthemostimportantindustrialandtransportationsystemsAllieshadtherighttoconfiscateallGermanprivatepropertyintheircountriesResults...Dangerousd

6、eteriorationintheGermanbalanceofpaymentsWhy?FoodstuffshadtobeimportedMineralspreviouslyminedinGermanynowhadtobeimportedNolongerexportrawmaterialsLossoftheirmerchantfleetdeprivedGermanyofforeignexchangethatothercountriespaidthemfortheirfleetservicesLos

7、softheland(money)abroaddecreasedtheirprofitandinterestpaymentsVersaillesTreaty:ReparationsWoodrowWilson’s14PointPlan-“GermanywastoundertakereparationofalldamagetoprivatepropertyoftheAllieswithexceptionofRussia”ThisincludedpayingforallofthecostsofAllie

8、doccupationtroopsonGermanterritoryandpensionpaymentstoAlliedcombatantsThisplandidnotspecifyatotal$amountTheLondonUltimatumMay,1921Calledthe“ultimatum”becauseunlessGermanyacceptedthisplanwithin6days,theRuhrBasinwouldbeoccupied.Thiswasthefinalpa