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时间:2018-07-13
《高考英语从句总复习》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、从句一.名词性从句(一)主语从句2.引导词;(1)从句成分什么都不缺:thatwhetherif(whether一般跟ornot搭配使用,if不能)ThattheearthisroundistrueWhethershecomesornotmakesnodifference(2)从句成分缺人:whowhomwhosewhoeverwhomever(3)从句成分缺物:whatwhatererwhichwhicheverWhowillbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet
2、.Whomwemuststudyforisaquestionofgreatimportance.Whosewatchwaslostisunknown.Whatcausedtheaccidentremainsunknown.Whateveryoudidisright.关系副词:where:(什么地方),从句中缺地点状语when:(什么时候),从句中缺时间状语why:(什么原因),从句中缺原因状语how:(如何,怎样),从句中缺方式状语Whereheisfromisthequestionnobodycanansw
3、erShedon’tknowhowshecangettothehospitalWhyheislateishewasillyesterday3.主语从句的特殊形式:it做形式主语的主语从句结构(1)Itis+名词+从句Itisafactanhonorthat(2)itis+形容词+从句Itisnaturalobviouspossiblethat…(3)itis+不及物动词+从句Itseemshappenedthat…(4)it+过去分词+从句Itisreportedthat…据报道…Itissaidth
4、at…据说…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…(二).宾语从句2.引导词(与主从一样)3.宾语从句的几种形式(4)动词+it+that结构It做形式宾语,代替that引导的宾语从句Hehasmadeitclearthathewon’tgiveuptheopportunityWeconsideritnecessarythatweshouldopenout4.注意:(1)宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序(2)如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制,如果主句时态是过去时,宾语从句一般要随着
5、改为相应的过去时(即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。Hethoughthewasworkingforthepeople.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.Johnhopedthathewouldfindajobsoon.但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等,则不变化:Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun(三)表语从句从句在主句中充当表语成分的句子是表语从句。一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”引导词与主从
6、一样,多了because,as,asif,asthough(四)同位语从句1.同位语从句是修饰前面名词的从句。2.引导词:thatwhetherwhywhowherehowwhen.if一般不引导同位语从句。Theking’sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.Theproblemwhytheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmerisstillunderdiscussion.2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语从
7、句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。例如:HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.二.定语从句(形容性从句)(一)限制性定语从句1.限制性定语是指定语从句紧跟它所修饰的中心名词或代词之后,没有逗号分开。2.引导词:分为关系代词和关系副词。(1)关系代词引导的定语从句:that:指代人、事物,作主语、宾语,做宾语时可以省略who:指代人,做主语whom:指代人,做宾语,可以省略。它在口语和非正式用语中常用who代替,可以省略Them
8、anwhowhomyoumetjustnowismybrother.which:指代事物,做主语、宾语。做宾语可以省略whose:指代人、物,做定语,其后直接加名词Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.指物时常用以下结构代替:Theclassroomwhosedoorisbr
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