英语国家社会与文化入门课件

《英语国家社会与文化入门课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、TheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomThelongroadtoDemocracyTheMonarchy•Theoldesttypeofgovernment•FirstEnglishmonarch–KingEgbert•DivineRightofKings•TherehasalwaysbeenaKingoraQueen•OnlyoneperiodwithoutamonarchDivineRightofKings•Themonarchdidnotgethisauthorityfromthepeople•Thesovereigngothisauth

2、orityfromGod•Thismeanttheexistenceofthemonarchyhasrarelybeenchallenged•However,therehaveoftenbeenbattlesforthethroneKings,Queens,MonarchsandSovereigns•KingisfromtheOldEnglishlanguage•QueenisfromtheOldNorselanguage•MonarchisfromtheGreeklanguage•SovereignisfromtheFrenchlanguageAbsolutePow

3、er•Itwasnotconsideredwiseforthekingtohaveabsolutepower•Heshouldtakeadvicefromhistopmen•Oldsaying“Powercorrupts,absolutepowercorruptsabsolutely”TheFirstSeriousConflict•KingJohnfallsoutwithhisBarons•BaronsforceJohntosignMagnaCarta•TheBaronsgainmorerights•ThecommonpeoplestillnotprotectedPA

4、RLIAMENT•Parler–totalk–French(remembertheNormans?)•Parley–totalk–English•Wordfirstusedin1236•Gatheringofrepresentatives•Barons(Lords)Financialproblemsinthe13thcentury•Ifthekingwantedmoneyhehadtoaskthebarons,hehadtopersuadethemtogivehimmoney!!•Theywereasmallgroupandcouldnotgiveenoughmone

5、y•TheGreatCouncilwasenlargedtoincluderepresentativesofthecommunity(Commons)HenryIV•1407–HenryIVdecidedthatallmoneygrantsshouldbeapprovedfirstbytheCommons.•AftertheyhadbeenapprovedbythecommonstheywereconsideredbytheLordsCHARLESI•CharlesIhadseriousproblems•Mainproblem–hethoughtParliamenth

6、adnorighttoexist.Itonlyexistedbecauseheallowedit.•Secondproblem–hiswifewasaCatholic.CharlesI•HedismissedParliamentandtriedtorulewithoutthem•Hecalledthembackwhenheneededmoney,thendismissedthemagain•ThisleadtoaseriousconflictbetweentheKingandParliament•1649CharleswasbeheadedRoundheadsandC

7、avaliers•TheRoyalistswhofollowedCharleswerecalledCavaliers•ThesoldierswhofollowedOliverCromwellwerecalledRoundheads•TheParliamentarysidewonandOliverCromwellbecameLordProtectoroftherealmTHECOMMONWEALTH•11yearsofrulebyParliamentalone•HouseofLordsabolished•OliverCromwelltakescontr