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技术标目录第一章编制依据………………………………………………………４1.1指导思想……………………………………………………….４1.2编制依据 ……………………………………………………….４第二章工程概况………………………………………………………７2.1总体概况 ……………………………………………………….７2.2现场概况 ……………………………………………………….７2.3工程结构概况 ………………………………………………….７2.4工程特点 ……………………………………………………….８第三章施工管理方针及目标…………………………………………９3.1管理方针 ……………………………………………………….９3.2质量目标 ……………………………………………………….９3.3施工工期目标 ………………………………………………….９3.4安全环保目标 ………………………………………………….９3.5文明施工目标 ………………………………………………….９ 3.6服务目标 ……………………………………………………….９第四章施工组织管理…………………………………………………１０4.1项目管理组织机构 …………………………………………….１０4.2项目管理组织机构网络图 …………………………………….１０4.3项目管理人员岗位职责 ……………………………………….１１4.4项目组织协调 ………………………………………………….１５第五章施工进度计划及保证工期的主要措施………………………１８5.1施工进度计划 ………………………………………………….１８andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标5.2保证工期的主要措施 ………………………………………….１８第一章施工机械配置和劳动力配置…………………………………２１6.1施工机械配置 ………………………………………………….２１6.2施工机械使用、维护及保养措施 …………………………….２１6.3劳动力配置 …………………………………………………….２４第二章主要分项工程施工方案………………………………………２５7.1钢结构制作 …………………………………………………….２５7.2桩基础工程 …………………………………………………….３６ 7.3现场吊装 ……………………………………………………….４５7.4一般砌筑工程 ………………………………………………….５８7.5钢筋绑扎与安装工程 ………………………………………….６６第八章工程技术管理措施……………………………………………７３8.1图纸审查制度 ………………………………………………….７３8.2技术交底制度 ………………………………………………….７３8.3材料检验制度 ………………………………………………….７４8.4工程质量检查和验收制度 …………………………………….７５8.5工程技术档案制度 …………………………………………….７５8.6质量责任制 …………………………………………………….７５第九章施工质量目标及保证措施……………………………………８０9.1质量保证体系 ………………………………………………….８０9.2项目经理部质量体系组织措施 ……………………………….８０9.3工程质量信息、资料管理 …………………………………….８１9.4材料的质量控制措施 ………………………………………….８１9.5工序质量措施和自检、自控措施 …………………………….８１andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标9.6工程质量回访及保修 ………………………………………….８３第十章文明施工和安全生产防护措施………………………………８４10.1安全生产措施 ………………………………………………...８４10.2安全管理体系 ………………………………………………...８４10.3安全管理制度 ………………………………………………...８４10.4安全施工检查 ………………………………………………...８５10.5安全技术交底 ………………………………………………...８５10.6防火安全措施 ………………………………………………...８７第十一章施工合理化建议和降低成本措施……………………………９０11.1施工合理化建议 ………………………………………………９０11.2降低成本措施 …………………………………………………９０第十二章工程质量通病防治措施……………………………………….９３12.1质量通病防治机构及组织措施 ………………………………９３12.2常见工程质量通病原因分析及防治措施 ……………………９３第十三章工程质量竣工验收及移交…………………………………….９６第一章编制依据andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标1.1指导思想本施工组织设计在国家基本建设路线、方针和政策指导下，从施工的全局出发，根据本工程的技术经济特点，确定施工方法、劳动组织、技术组织措施等，安排施工进度和劳动力、材料、机械、构件的供应，以及预计施工中的各种需要及其变化，协调施工中各部门之间的关系，使施工建立在科学合理的基础上，从而做到优质、低耗、高效地保质、保量、保安全按期完成施工任务，取得最好的经济效益和社会效益。1.2编制依据1.2.1《赣州有色冶金机械有限公司工程招标文件》1.2.2国务院颁布的《建设工程质量管理条例》（国务院令第279号）1.2.3有关的国家或行业标准及施工操作规范等技术法规1.2.4江西省地方法规及相关文件1.2.5机械工业第一设计院设计的施工图纸（F021H11-GC030、-GC040）1.2.6本公司承包的南钢棒材厂房、电炉厂房、转炉厂房、长带成品库、1万制氧主厂房、南冶公司安装钢构厂房、南冶公司备件加工厂房、南钢世纪之星住宅小区、机修生活小区、厦门明达电力工业园厂房、长力工业园钢构厂房等工程制安的施工经验。1.2.7施工中执行的技术规范及标准工程的执行现行国家、地方颁布的标准规范、规程及相关政策法规主要有：(1)钢结构设计规范(GB50017-2003)(2)钢结构工程施工及验收规范(GB50205-95)andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标(3)钢结构工程质量评定标准(GB50221-95)(4)建筑钢结构焊接规程(JBJ81-2002)(5)钢结构制作安装施工规程(YB9254-95)(6)钢结构检测评定及加固技术规程(YB9257-96)(7)建筑防腐蚀工程施工及验收规范(GB50212-91)(8)建筑防蚀工程质量检验评定标准(GB5022-95)(9)建筑地基基础设计规范（GB50007-2002）(10)砌体工程施工及验收规范(GB50203-98)(11)钢筋焊接及验收规程(JGJl8-96)(12)建筑地面工程施工及验收规范(GB50209-95)(13)混凝土结构工程施工及验收规范(GB50204-92)(14)砖石工程施工及验收规范(GBJ201，83)(15)地基与基础工程施工及验收规范(GBJ202-83)(16)屋面工程技术规范(GB50207-94)(17)钢结构高强度螺栓连接的设计施工及验收规程(JGJ82-91)(18)混凝土外加剂应用技术规范(GBJll9-88)(19)给排水构筑物施工及验收规范(GBJl41-90)(20)门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构设计规程（CECS102：2002）(20)装饰工程施工及验收规范(GBJ210-93)(20)建筑工程质量检验评定标准(GBJ301-98)(20)强夯设计施工及验收规程(YBJ25—92)(20)冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范(GB50018-2002)(20)本公司制订的《质量手册》及程序文件andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标第二章工程概况2.1总体概况工程名称：退城进园技术改造工程金工车间、机电车间业主：赣州有色冶金机械有限公司设计方：机械工业第一设计研究院质量要求:市级优良工期要求：计划2006年6月18日开工，2006年12月23日竣工，andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标总工期175个日历天。工程范围：按业主方招标文件工程量清单及对应施工图纸上涵盖的所有工作内容。2.2现场概况退城进园技术改造工程金工车间、机电车间，位于赣州经济开发区金狮路，交通及施工场地情况良好，施工用电及用水已基本到位。由于建设地点属亚热带区，全年光照充分，年平均气温约为19℃，工程施工期间正值夏季，雨水较多，必须采取相应的措施组织施工。2.3工程结构概况：本工程为排架结构工业厂房制安，由金工车间和机电车间组成，总建筑面积约２０３００M2(标书建筑面积约19975M2)，基础为桩基础、独立基础予埋螺栓的形式。主体结构为门式钢结构，外围护为0.52mm镀锌压型彩板，彩板墙以下采用粘土空心砖砌筑，屋面为0.6mm天蓝镀铝锌彩板及紧贴保温层铝箔安装不锈钢丝网，主车间地面为150厚C20混凝土地坪。2.4工程特点本工程是较为典型的钢构构厂房制安工程，施工现场状况良好，施工车辆进出较为方便。本工程为单层厂房，其构件数量多，单根构件重量大，构件安装高度大，特别是钢屋架构件跨度大，增加了结构吊装的施工难度，因此施工难点在于吊装方法及吊装机械的选用。本工程厂房主体为钢架、钢屋架、钢吊车梁，各跨构件支撑均为钢构件，总重量近一千余吨，因此钢构件的制作安装是工程的重点。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标本工程墙面及屋面均采用压型彩板，围护及装饰项目等细节部分须严格按设计要求及业主方要求进行。第三章施工管理方针及目标3.1管理方针精心施工、不断创新、优质服务、顾客至上。3.2质量目标andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标本公司承诺确保工程质量达到优良工程等级，如达不到承诺的质量要求，愿意按约定的罚金进行处罚。在整个工程中，推行全面质量管理，开展“QC”活动，克服质量通病，确保工程质量优良。3.3施工工期目标本公司承诺所承担的工程确保在175个日历天内竣工，计划于2006年6月18日开工，并于2006年12月23日全部竣工。若因我方原因造成工期拖延，我方原意按合同条款中约定的罚金进行处罚。3.4安全环保目标在整个施工过程中，杜绝死亡事故，严格将月轻伤事故率控制在1‰以内，严格达到“四无”标准，即无死亡、无重伤、无火灾、无污染。3.5文明施工目标在整个施工过程中，严格按照定置管理的要求，做到材料成品定点堆放，生产场地工完料尽，保证道路畅通，施工有序。3.6服务目标信守合同，密切配合，认真协调与各方的关系，主动接受政府主管部门、业主、监理等方面对本工程的监督。第四章施工组织管理4.1项目管理组织机构本工程采用项目法施工，选择我公司建筑施工及管理经验丰富的优秀项目经理andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标饶建龙担任本工程项目经理。在其原项目班子基础上，在公司范围内抽调各类精干人员充实到项目中，组成强有力的项目经理部，为组织协调和加强本工程的组织领导工作，特成立以公司生产经理为首的，由公司总工程师及各职能部门参加的工程现场指挥部，形成指挥系统。在劳动力调配上，由项目经理部会同公司劳动力调配部门，组织优秀施工班组，由具有丰富经验和较高技术水平的操作人员组成。在物力上，公司的材料分公司将优先供应和串换项目部所需的各种材料，在各类焊接、切割、起重设备和钢筋加工设备，砼机具等机械器具上优先解决，专人负责，确保机器正常运转。在财力上，建设单位拨付的工程款在银行成立专门帐户，专款专用。4.2项目管理组织机构网络图（参见附表）4.2.1项目管理人员配备情况项目经理项目付经理项目工程师施工员质检员材料员预算员安全员资料员施工组长4.3项目管理人员岗位职责4.3.1项目经理A、在本企业领导下，会同有关部门协商组建经理部。贯彻实施本企业质量方针和目标，执行工程承包合同，建立项目安全、质量、工期保证体系，实现本项目安全、质量、工期目标，对本经理部的工期、质量、生产环境、安全文明施工负责。B、负责主持项目质量策划及质量计划编制，并组织实施，明确项目部内部职能分配。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标A、认真执行本企业各项规章制度，严肃施工纪律，对本项目人员违反施工纪律造成的安全质量问题负领导责任。B、负责内外上下协调工作，保证项目施工中的资源供给，合理组织生产。对其执行情况进行监督检查，确保工程安全、质量、工期、文明施工满足合同要求。C、制订有安全、质量否决权的经济责任制并认真贯彻执行。4.3.2技术负责人A、对项目经理负责，协助项目经理贯彻实施管理方针和管理目标。负责组织本项目质量策划，组织编制本项目质量计划和创优计划。主持建立项目质量保证体系，将项目管理目标分解到部门，并对实施情况组织检查监督。B、负责组织图纸会审，技术交底和质量计划交底工作。C、负责组织贯彻技术规程、工艺纪律、规范和质量标准，严明工艺纪律和程序，对造成的质量问题负技术领导责任。D、负责组织生产过程的各种原始记录及统计工作，确保各种质量记录的完整性、准确性和可追溯性。E、及时组织不合格品质量分析会，按《不合格品控制程序》规定评审处理，并及时向上级主管部门反馈质量信息。F、对检测试验机构、人员、仪器设备的配备和管理制度的实施，承担技术指导和领导责任。G、领导“四新”技术的开发应用，领导本项目技术培训工作，领导项目开展QC小组活动。H、领导本项目质量评定，质量联检和竣工验收工作。4.3.3施工员andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标A、项目施工员对工程质量负技术上的责任。B、要将上级质量管理的有关规定、技术规程、技术质量标准和设计图纸的要求，变成施工技术方案、技术交底中的具体措施，并加以认真贯彻执行。C、负责贯彻质量保证手册中与本项目施工内容有关的具体规定，有权对辖区范围内的质量控制措施作出相应的决定。对工程施工进行跟踪检查，重要部位实行旁站监控。D、对本项目的质量问题或工序中失控环节及时组织有关人员分析判断，提出解决办法和措施，使工序施工质量保持稳定。E、有权制止不按技术措施要求和技术操作规程施工的不良行为，必要时应立即制止其继续施工。已造成问题的应及时向项目经理反映，提出返工意见。F、检查本项目内的质量自检进行情况以及自检记录的正确性及准确性。G、负责推广应用科技新成果，制定降低工程成本技术措施以及负责收集保管有关工程技术，工程质量的资料、数据。H、掌握本项目的质量情况，对质量问题和质量事故，应在上级检查处理前，提出详细情况及原因初步分析意见。I、组织本项目的分项、分部工程的质量验评，参加公司组织的单位工程质量评定，及时上报竣工工程验评的所有技术（质量）资料。J、协助质量检查员开展质量检查工作。K、指导QC小组活动，正确运用统计分析工具，审查QC小组活动成果报告。4.3.4质检员A、andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标专职质检员须严把质量关，对工程质量实行全面监督检查，对管辖范围的质量监督检查工作负全面责任。A、严把材料检查关，工序交接关，隐蔽验收关，重要工种考试资格审查关，交工验收检查关。对上述工作的技术人员（施工员）所做的技术施工记录进行审查并签字确认。对上述工作的技术人员（施工员）所做的技术施工记录进行审查并签字确认。对上述工作的内容凡因不负责任而漏检，误判或明知不符合要求而放行通过或因此造成事故者，均系失职行为，应追究其监督检查的责任。B、发现施工中违反操作规程、技术措施、设计图纸等要求时，应坚持原则，立即提出，可分别决定返修或停工，并及时通知项目部技术人员及项目经理，严重的还应及早上报公司质检科。C、收集、整理施工过程的检查记录，按规定向质检科准确如实填各种质量报表，参加负责所辖范围内的工程质量动态分析和事故调查与分析。D、协助项目部技术人员，分别做好分项、分部、单位工程的质量评定。4.3.5材料员A、材料员应明确采购对象的质量、品种、规格及在采购运输过程中保证质量的要求，对本岗位所采购材料的质量负全面责任。B、应负责按项目进度计划编制材料使用计划，负责落实材料半成品的外加工定货的供应时间。C、负责依据上级材料管理规定拟定现场材料使用细则，尽量合理利用资金，降低库存和无形损耗，负责按施工进度部位确定材料领用额。D、应按现场材料计量要求，对进场材料的规格、质量、数量进行把关验收，负责监督、检查工程部位的材料耗用情况，负责制定降低材料成本措施并贯彻执行，负责及时索取各种材料（器材）产品质保书和使用说明书。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标A、对现场材料台帐应做到齐全，进料有凭证，发料有依据，帐实相符，帐帐相符。B、工程竣工后应及时做出现场材料成本分析，对超耗及节约材料的部位应重点总结并提交给项目经理。4.3.6施工班（组）长A、施工班（组）长是具体施工操作的组织者，是把设计意图的技术措施要求变成现实的直接指挥者，对本班（组）的施工质量负直接责任。B、认真执行上级各项质量管理规定，技术操作规程和技术措施的要求，严格按图纸施工，切实保证本工序的施工质量。C、组织本班（组）的质量自检，并认真做好检查记录、施工记录和必要的标记工作，施工质量不合格，不得向下道工序移交，否则追究班（组）长的责任。D、接受技术人员、质检人员对本班（组）施工过程的监督、检查，并为他们提供必要条件和技术质量数据。E、发现投入施工的材料有异，必须向上级反映，拒绝使用质量不合格的材料，避免因材料问题造成质量事故的发生。F、对出现质量问题或事故，应本着实事求是的精神，提供真实情况和数据，以利事故的分析处理，隐瞒或谎报均应追究班（组）长的责任。4.4项目组织协调4．4．1工程项目组织andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标若我公司有幸中标，为确保本工程优质高效地安全完成，对该工程实施项目法施工管理。确保迅速组建一个强有力的项目管理班子。施工由项目经理部制定决策，全面组织和部署，统一指挥，协调和解决施工问题，与各有关单位沟通信息，协调关系，使工程施工顺利进行。同时对该工程予以充分的重视，在人力、物力、财力等方面优先予以确保。由一批优秀的管理及技术人员担任管理工作，抽调技术素质好、经验丰富、善打硬仗的作业班组，组成一支富有战斗力的施工作业队伍，全面推行施工现场文明、卫生、安全生产管理标准化，以此来保证工程质量，加快工程进度。针对该工程的特点，制定一套与之相适应的管理制度，如生产例会制度，质量安全教育及交底制度，作业班组奖罚制度，安全值班制度等，使工程的施工管理始终处于有条不紊状态。分阶段抓主要矛盾。施工前切实做好各项准备工作（技术准备、物资及材料准备、机械设备准备、人员准备等）；施工中切实抓好工程质量、安全生产、文明施工方面的管理。施工竣工验收前切实做好成品保护工作，竣工验收后认真贯彻执行国务院颁发的《建设工程质量管理条例》和江西省人大颁布的《江西省建筑管理条例》中的规定，切实做好工程回访、保修服务工作。4．4．2与甲方、监理单位的工作协调工程施工准备阶段，项目领导征求建设方对工程施工中安全、质量监督管理要求，需要遵守的有关政策、法规及标准化和文明车间的要求及要点，虚心听从他们的指点，建立起相互信任的关系，以便在制造过程中少走弯路，高效、优质地达到预期的管理目标。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标在施工过程中，严格按照监理部门的监理细则进行质量控制，接受监理全方位、全过程的检查和验收，如出现问题，严格按照整改要求，落实整改方案，并监督实施。每个分项工程施工前，都要向监理提交材料报验单，并主动提交材料的合格证或质保书，如需试验的必须在使用前进行物理、化学试验。每个分项过程验收前，都要向监理提交工程质量报验单，并附交专职检查评定表。在现场质量管理中，坚决维护监理工程师的权威，使工程在有序的监督控制中顺利进行。项目经理必须亲自抓质量、安全、工期、工序协调等方面的工作，如有重要事情离开，必须向甲方请假，并及时返回，对其他技术人员也必须坚守现场，不得随便调离。4．4．3与设计部门、协作队伍的工作协调我们将积极会同业主（建设方）、总承包方/设计方及监理对施工图纸进行自审、会审和设计交底，积极主动审查图纸的内容是否完整，彼此关联尺寸是否准确，图纸专业之间会审是否周全，做好记录，配合设计部门将存在的问题化解于正式开工前。４．4．4认真贯彻工程目标管理，根据工程管理目标（即工程进度目标、质量目标、安全目标、成本目标），建立完善的组织机构，制订和健全责任体系，使参与工程的每位人员都知道自己的责任和义务，做到恪尽职守，积极主动完成本职工作。根据总体进度计划网络图，明确各工种、各工序、各专业之间的关系，按照总体网络计划，确保关键点完成，前道工序决不影响下道工序，同时，也要根据实际情况，调整和完善网络计划，使其能准确反映工程实际情况，确保工程顺利进行。每周召开一次安全例会、工程例会、监理例会以及由甲方、监理、施工单位参加的协调会，共同解决工程中出现的问题。内部工程例会中，施工计划采用“三周滚动计划”管理，即会上回顾上周计划的遗留问题以及问题整改情况，检查本周计划的实施情况以及出现问题处理情况，预测下周计划的准备情况。实行“三周滚动计划”andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标管理，还能够使工程中发生的所有问题，都能及时予以解决，工程进入现场安装期间，每天召开现场协调会，确保工程施工高效、优质。将不定期对现场的施工安全、工程质量、现场标准化管理、工程施工技术资料等进行联合检查，确保每次检查出现的问题都得到妥善处理，建立奖罚制度，奖优罚劣，调动一切积极性，保证工程顺利进行。第五章施工进度计划及保证工期的主要措施5.1施工进度计划本工程我公司承诺工期为175个日历天，计划于2006年6月18日开工，于2006年12月23日竣工。施工进度计划详见《施工进度计划表》。（参见附表）5.2保证工期的主要措施5.2.1作好充分的施工准备施工准备工作包括现场平面布置，开工前编制详细的施工组织设计，做好图纸会审与技术交底，组织工程技术人员编制施工预算和工料分析，并在此基础上做好各种材料的供应与采购计划，使施工顺利地开展，减少磨合期。5.2.2强化施工计划及组织管理加强计划管理,做好准确的月、周和日作业计划，加强施工作业管理和调度，做到对施工进度的事前、事中、事后控制。坚持在总进度网络计划及阶段工期控制目标制约下，按周、日、时编制网络作业计划，根据实际情况保持资源平衡，工序搭接并进行动态管理，各道工序人员相对固定，以提高熟练程度，确保计划实现。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标对项目进行三级计划管理，即总进度计划管理、阶段性施工进度计划管理，月、旬、周、日进度计划管理，通过确保日、周进度计划的完成来保证月计划、阶段性施工进度计划直至总进度计划的全面完成。建立各级“碰头会”制度，定时、定点召开生产例会，加强各部门之间的协作，及时解决和协调好各种矛盾问题。施工中实行奖罚制度，奖励工期提前者，对工期紧张的分项工程实行较高计件单价。按ISO9001：2000质量保证模式标准进行管理，使每道工序均处于受控状态，确保各工序的质量，杜绝返工、返修现象的发生，严禁不合格品进入下道工序施工。加强成品保护措施，以防成品破坏或污染造成返工，影响工程进度。5.2.3加大人员及设备的投入根据本工程的工程量、质量及工期的要求，充分利用地利、人员容易组织调动的优势，选择素质好、技术水平高的施工队伍进行施工，并加强施工过程的组织管理，平衡调度。为保证工期及进度，加大施工工作人员人数并分班分组作业，关键工序实行“三班倒”，不影响后面工序的施工，确保工期。加强机械化施工比重，尽量合理利用公司现有机械设备装备，并加强对各种机械设备的维修保养工作，确保机械设备的正常工作。5.2.4保证材料供应施工中根据施工进度计划和施工预算中的工料分析,编制工程材料需用量计划,做为备料/供料和确定仓库场面以及组织运输的依据,按材料计划作好材料订货和采购工作,按进度计划分批进场,并作好发放和保管工作，合理安排材料进场和堆放场地，尽量减少材料二次转运。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标5.2.5积极应用新技术以科学技术为先导,应用及推广成熟的新技术新工艺新材料,推行标准化施工,以此提高效率,缩短工期,保证质量。如应用计算机对工程计划进行管理，保证工程进度处于动态控制中等。第六章施工机械配置andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标6.1施工机械的配置本工程施工机械配置（参见附表）。选用的机械均为本公司自有设备,设备状况良好。6.2施工机械使用、维护及保养措施6.2.1常用施工机械的安全技术操作规程（1）混凝土搅拌机a、搅拌机必须安置在坚定的地方，用专架或支架脚筒架稳，不准以轮胎代替支撑。b、开动搅拌机前要检查离合器、制运器、钢丝绳等是否良好，滚筒内不得有异物。c、进料斗升起时，严禁任何人在料斗下通过停留，工作完毕后应将料斗固定好。d、运转时，严禁将工具伸进滚筒内。e、严禁无证操作，操作时严禁擅自离开工作岗位。f、现场检查时，应固定好料斗，切断电源。g、工作完毕，应清洗机身内混凝土，做好润滑保养，锁好箱门。（2）混凝土振动器安全技术操作规程a、使用前检查各部位是否连接牢固，旋转方向要正确。b、振捣器不得放在初凝的混凝土、地板、脚手架、道路和干硬的地面上进行试振，如检修或作业间断时，应切断电源。c、插入式振捣器转轴的弯曲半径不得少于50cm，并不得多于两个弯，操作时振动棒应自然垂直地沉入混凝土内，不得用力硬插，斜推或被钢筋夹住棒头，也不得全部插入混凝土中。d、振捣器应保持清洁，不得有混凝土粘结在电动机外壳上妨碍散热。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标a、作业转移时，电动机的导线应保持有足够的长度和松度，严禁用电源线拖拉振捣器。b、用绳拉平板振捣器时，拉绳应绝缘，移动或转向时不得脚踢电动机。c、振捣器与平板应保持紧固，电源线必须固定在平板上，电器开关应装在手把上。d、在一个构件上使用几台附着振捣器工作时，振捣器的频率必须相同。e、操作人员必须穿戴绝缘胶鞋和绝缘手套。f、作业后，必须做好清洗、保养工作，振捣器要放在干燥处。（3）电焊机安全技术操作规程a、电焊工必须要受过专门训练，熟悉电焊机设备的构造和性能，了解各种焊接方法，并经考试合格，方能单独进行工作。b、电焊机必须具备接线图表、工作说明书，电焊机应放在干燥的地方，其电源线（从闸门到电焊机）不宜超过5米，如超过时，应采取相应的安全措施，所有电线（包括软线）必须绝缘良好，如有脱皮应用胶布包好，电源开关要设外罩，电焊机壳要接地。c、每天上班前必须先检查电焊机电源线路。（5）自动切割焊机安全技术操作规程a、氧气瓶、乙炔气瓶相隔距离保持5m以上；b、堆放氧气瓶、乙炔瓶的地点，严禁出现明火和堆放易燃易爆物质。c、割矩和割嘴每天开工前进行清理、维护，割嘴中途出现堵塞应及时进行清理。6.2.2机械设备保养修理制度（1）坚持做好机械设备的“例保”andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标修理工作。操作人员在开机前、使用中、停机后必须按规定的项目和要求，对机械设备进行检查和保养修理。（1）执行强制保养（修理），强制保养应根据机械设备运转公里或小时，定项、定期、定标准、定停厂保修日，安排计划由专人进行保养修理。（2）坚持对送修机械鉴定，机械故障后随时进行检修；大中修是按机械运转公里或小时周期进行的计划修理。（3）严格保修质量，保修质量对机械能否达到保修周期和延长大修周期是很重要的因素，一定要严格检查制度，按照保修质量标准进行检查验收，合格后才能出厂。（4）遵守走合期规定，防止机件早期磨损，延长机械使用寿命和修理周期，确保机械正常运转。6.2.3机械设备保养维修制度（1）械设备应按其技术性能的要求正确使用，缺少安全装置或安全装置已失效的机械不得使用。（2）严禁拆除机械上的自动控制机构、力距限位器等安全装置和安全信号装置，其调试和故障排除由专业人员负责进行。（3）新购或经过改装、拆除后重新安装的机械设备，必须按原厂说明书的要求和《建筑机械技术试验规程》之规定进行测试和试运转。（4）机械设备的冬季使用，应执行《建筑机械冬季使用的有关规定》。（5）处在运行和运转中的机械严禁对其进行维修、保养或调整等作业。（6）机械设备应按时进行保养，当发现漏保、失修或超载带病运转等情况时，应停止其使用。（7）机械设备的操作人员必须身体健康，并经过专业培训考试合格，取得岗位操作证书后方可上岗操作，非持证人员不得操作。（8）andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标公司各管理人员和操作人员应严格遵守贯彻本制度，必须熟知并严格执行以上制度。6.3劳动力配置施工阶段工种数量(人)基础施工木工10钢筋工10电焊工4混凝土工8维修工2电工2泥工4普工15测量工4钢结构制作铆工20电焊工20钳工10机械工8行车工8起重工10搬运工若干油漆工16电工2现场吊装铆工15电焊工20起重工20油漆工10钳工15电工2测量工6第七章主要分项工程施工方案一、钢结构制作1.材料供应1.1工程项目部按图纸及制作工艺的要求，编制材料计划书。计划书中必须注明材料的品种、规格、数量、供货时间及其它特殊要求（如定尺、定厂家、定牌号等）。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标1.2供应科按材料计划书的要求选择质量（服务）信誉好的生产厂家或正规的物资供应公司组织采购、进料。1.3所有采购的材料必须随货提供质保书、出厂合格证及相关的质量保证资料，否则视为不合格材料不能进入制作车间。1.3.1钢材类随货提供：质量保证书、力学性能试验报告、化学成分分析报告、生产厂家、日期、炉号等相关资料。1.3.2焊材类随货提供:质量合格证、力学性能试验（或化学成分）的分析报告、焊接性能及参数、使用说明书、生产厂家、日期、质保期、保管说明及报废条件等相关资料。1.3.3所有的质量保证资料数据应满足国家及行业相关规定的标准。1.4检查材料的负公差尺寸及外变形量，是否在国家规定的允许公差的范围内，如超出范围，视为不合格材料不能进入制作车间。1.5采用合理的吊装、运输方法，减少在此环节对材料外形的损伤，焊接材料必须有防潮措施。1.6其它材料的采购及其它相关条款按公司的《质量手册》和《程序文件》来执行。2.材料复验、入库（进制作车间）2.1所有的钢材进入制作车间后必须组织复验及办理入库手续。2.1.1按材料计划书核对钢材的品种、规格及数量，并按品种、规格做好标识，（特制是对16Mn或其它合金类钢材更要做好区分识别标记），并分类入库码放。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标2.1.2为确保产品质量，使用前应对每批钢材进行必要的抽查，进行化学成分和力学性能的复验。2.1.3复验时的取样由工程项目部负责，试样送交南钢公司钢研所进行检验。2.1.4如复验不合格的，对不合格项目再取双倍试样试验，如仍不合格，则该批材料退出制作车间，不得使用。2.1.5材料的负公差及型钢断面变形的公差复验由工程项目部组织检验，对超出标准的不能入库。（附表对应检验）。2.1.6钢材表面锈蚀点深度大于厚度负允许偏差值1/2的不能入库。2.2焊接材料进入制作车间，必须组织验收并办理入库手续。2.2.1按材料计划书核对焊材的品种、规格、数量，检查外包装损坏程度，并分类入库码放。2.2.2为了确保产品质量，使用前应对焊材及相应钢材进行可焊性试验、验证其化学成分、力学性能能否满足图纸设计要求及相关制作工艺要求。2.2.3对可焊性差或不能满足设计要求的焊材不能入库和使用。2.2.4焊材入库前必须检查外包装是否损坏，库房必须保持干燥、通风，防止焊材受潮变质，已受潮、锈蚀的焊材不得入库、使用。2.2.5其它材料的复验入库按公司的《质量手册》和《程序文件》来执行。3、钢材的矫正钢材在运输、堆放过程中产生的弯曲、扭曲、不平整等变形在下料前必须矫正，允许偏差值控制在规定之内。详见附表3.0andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标《钢材矫正的允许偏差》。3.1钢板的平整在改造后的2000×20mm卷管机上反复碾压后完成。（适应厚度12~40mm）①②②②②（1）为2000×20卷管机，；（2）为新增临时滚轮托架。3.2薄件、小件钢板的平整也在改造的2000×20mm卷管机上反复碾压后完成。（适应厚度2~12mm及小件钢板的平整）②②②②为δ≥40mm的平整钢板；为薄件、小件。3.3角钢、槽钢的矫正可送交中型分厂型钢矫正机上完成。3.4andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标工字钢的局部侧弯变形，可在液压顶弯机上矫正，或采用火焰矫正法调整（仅限低碳钢材质），断面的扭曲变形可利用钢梁矫正机外加火焰加热的方法完成。4、号料（划线）熟悉图纸、制作工艺、安装要求及相关技术标准。按图纸上结构的形状、要求选择适当的尺寸和材料（保证材质符合图纸说明要求）进行划线。4.1划线工序要做到“四不”、“五检”。4.1.1四不：①图纸不清楚不放样划线；②改代材料未经主管工程师签字不划线；③材质、规格标识不清不划线；④材料变形未矫正或有严重缺陷不划线。4.1.2五检:①检查材料的材质和规格是否与图纸工艺要求相符；②检查材料表面有无裂纹、严重腐蚀、机械损伤以及其他严重缺陷；③检查放样尺寸是否正确；④检查样板和图形尺寸及材料数量是否正确；⑤检查材料的标志移植是否清楚。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标4.2钢梁、钢柱的翼缘板、腹板号料时必须进行钢板边缘抽条，抽条最小宽度不得小于20mm，以保证长板料的平直度。4.3钢梁、钢架的翼缘板、腹板号料时必须考虑焊接后的收缩量。4.4对有焊后变形要求的结构号料时，需经主管工程师计算合理起拱度后再按计算后的尺寸划线。4.5对有拼装工艺要求的结构号料时，需经主管工程师计算合理拼装尺寸、形状后再按计算后的图样号料。4.6划线的公差及检验。序号项目允许偏差1平行线距离和分段尺寸±0.5mm2对角线差1.0mm3宽度、长度±0.5mm4孔距±0.5mm5加样板的角度±20’4.6.1为便于检验及对下道工序的控制，切割线内50±1mm处，在四角平行打上基准样冲点永久标志。4.7号料工作必须严格按下料工序交验表内容完成，该表作为号料工序的工艺卡。4.8对16andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标锰及其它合金钢划线后的剩余材料必须做好标志移植工作，并交待材料员在下料后集中按类收集堆放。4.9吊车梁的上、下翼缘板在跨中1/3的范围内，应尽量避免拼接。上、下翼缘板和腹板的拼接，采用加引弧板的对接焊缝，并保证焊透。三者的对接焊缝不应设置在同一截面上，应互相错开200mm以上，并与加劲肋亦应错开200mm以上。4.10所有钢屋架，当跨度≥24m要求起拱，拱度为1/500跨度。5、切割下料5.1下料方法的选择5.1.1δ>12mm的板料，型钢断面大于100×120mm的均采用气割方式进行。5.1.2δ<6mm的板料可采用3000×6剪板机下料。5.1.3δ=（6~12）mm的板料（连接板）采用1600×12mm剪板机下料。5.1.4断面小于120×120mm可采用砂轮片切割机或弓形锯床下料。5.1.5焊接坡口加工采用气割、气刨、机械加工和人工砂轮打磨等方式。5.2气割方式是钢结构下料的主要方法，为保证钢结构制作的质量和外观，所有气割下料尽可能采用门式气割机和半自动气割机大批的复杂异形钢也可采用仿形气割机操作，因手工下料难以保证零件边缘的平整度，故安排工艺时尽避免。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标5.2.1气割、剪切的允许偏差及检验。详见GB50205-98《气割、剪切的允许偏差》5.2.2门式气割机为多嘴头排列切割，下料整齐、工效快，并容易保证板条料的平直度，应尽量采用。5.2.3半自动气割机具有灵活度高，易操作，在板条料下料时应注意同张钢板需同时采用2台机器，同方向，由外向里，对应两条切割线同时完成，以保证板条料的侧弯达到要求。5.2.3.1使用半自动气割机尽可能采用通长导轨，以保证切割的直线度。5.3气割（剪切）工作必须严格按下料工序交验表内容完成，第1条至第5条均为钢结构制作中的备料阶段，各项工艺未涉及的内容按公司的《质量手册》和《程序文件》执行。6、焊接工艺6.1焊接工艺试验6.1.1首次使用的钢材应做可焊性试验，经检验达到相关技术性能要求后方可使用。6.1.2首次使用的焊条、焊剂、焊丝、保护气体等应做如下工艺试验，达到相关技术、性能要求后方可使用。6.1.2.1焊条性能对比试验6.1.2.2电弧稳定试验6.1.2.3飞溅率试验andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标6.1.2.4脱渣性试验6.1.2.5焊缝金属扩散氢含量试验6.1.2.6焊接接头机械性能试验6.1.2.7焊接工艺的各项参数的合理性试验6.1.2.2对新焊接材料或焊接方法必须经过6.1.2中的相关可焊性试验(并试验检验合格)参照其各项焊接工艺参数，制定焊接工艺卡指导焊接作业。6.2常用焊接工艺参数(按作业指导书执行)6.3电焊条烘干、焊剂烘干及保管6.3.1电焊条烘干工艺卡焊条符号当天用量每批烘干量烘干温度保温时间烘干加热次数采用的予热焊后热处理的方法由负责人在表中说明，并交完成人。6.4焊缝质量的控制及检验6.4.1焊缝外形尺寸允许偏差。详见《焊缝外形尺寸允许偏差》6.4.2焊缝质量等级及缺陷分级。详见附表GB50205-89《焊缝质量等级及缺陷分级》6.4.3焊缝质量检验级别。详见GB11345-89《焊缝质量检验级别》andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标6.5焊工的培训和考试6.5.1参加新钢种、新焊接材料或新工艺焊接的焊工，施焊前应进行操作技能训练及试件考试，经考试合格后才能正式参加试件（内容包含材质、焊材、接头型式、焊接位置等）相应项目的焊接工作。6.5.2所有重要焊缝(一、二级)在焊缝规定位置必须打上焊工代号钢印。6.6焊缝的补焊及返修。6.6.1在清渣、自检过程中，焊工自己发现外观缺陷，及时进行修复的称为补焊，如发现裂纹不能随意补焊，应及时报告，经分析查明原因后，再制定补焊工艺。6.6.2对在互检、专检及无损探伤后发现的焊缝缺陷的修补称为返修，返修必须制定返修工艺卡，并记录返修原始数据和部位，由技术较好的有经验的焊工完成，同一部位的返修不得超过两次，如仍不合格，需上报公司总工程师立即讨论，并重新制定返修工艺或决定报废。7、组装工艺：按图纸及结构的零部件组成情况，考虑到组装设备、成形加工、设备起重能力、场地情况、焊接设备及焊接工艺等诸多因素，制定拼、焊、部件组装、部件焊接、整体组装，最后焊接的工艺流程，该工艺流程的修定由主管工程师提出，交总工程师批准。8.2成品检验构件的各项技术数据经检验合格后，对加工过程中造成的焊疤、凹坑应予以补焊并磨平整，对临时支撑、夹具应予以割除。9.涂装andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标1、涂料、涂装遍数、涂层厚度均应符合设计文件的村注。当设计文件对涂层厚度无要求时，宜涂装四至五遍，涂层干漆膜总厚度达到以下要求：室外应大于125mm，室内应大于100mm。涂层中几层在工厂涂装，几层在工地涂装，应在合同中规定。2、配置好的涂料不宜存放过久，涂料应在使用的当天配置。稀释剂的使用应按说明书的规定执行，不得随意添加。3、涂装时的环境温度和相对湿度应符合涂料产品说明书的要求。当产品说明书无要求时，室内环境温度宜在5℃—38℃之间，相对湿度不应大于85%。构件表面有结露时，不得涂装。雨雪天不得室处作业。涂装后4h之内不得淋雨，防止尚未固化的漆膜被雨水冲坏。4、施工图中注明不涂装的部位不得涂装。安装焊缝处应留出30—50mm暂不涂装。5、涂装应均匀，无明显起皱、流挂，附着应良好。6、涂装完毕后，应在构件上标注构件的原编号。大型构件应标明重、重心位置和定位标记。二、桩基础工程部分1.本工艺标准适用于工业和民用建筑中粘土、粉质粘土及含少量砂、石粘土层，且地下水位低的人工成孔灌注桩工程2.1材料及主要机具：2.1.1水泥：宜采用325号～425号普通硅酸盐水泥或矿渣硅酸盐水泥。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标2.1.2砂：中砂或粗砂，含泥量不大于5%。2.1.3石子：粒径为0.5～3.2cm的卵石或碎石；桩身混凝土也可用粒径不大于5cm的石子，且含泥量不大于2%。2.1.4水：应用自来水或不含有害物质的洁净水。2.1.5外加早强剂应通过试验选用，粉煤灰掺合料按试验室的规定确定。2.1.6钢筋：钢筋的级别、直径必须符合设计要求，有出厂证明书及复试报告。2.1.7一般应备有三木搭、卷扬机组或电动葫芦、手推车或翻斗车、镐、锹、手铲、钎、线坠、定滑轮组、导向滑轮组、混凝土搅拌机、吊桶、溜槽、导管、振捣棒、插钎、粗麻绳、钢丝绳、安全活动盖板、防水照明灯（低压36V、100W），电焊机、通风及供氧设备、扬程水泵、木辘轳、活动爬梯、安全帽、安全带等。2.1.8模板：组合式钢模，弧形工具式钢模四块（或八块）拼装。卡具、挂钩和零配件。木板、木方，8号或12号槽钢等。2.2作业条件：2.2.1人工开挖桩孔，井壁支护应根据该地区的土质特点、地下水分布情况，编制切实可行的施工方案，进行井壁支护的计算和设计。2.2.2开挖前场地应完成三通一平。地上、地下的电缆、管线、旧建筑物、设备基础等障碍物均已排除处理完毕。各项临时设施，如照明、动力、通风、安全设施准备就绪。2.2.3熟悉施工图纸及场地的地下土质、水文地质资料，做到心中有数。2.2.4andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标按基础平面图，设置桩位轴线、定位点；桩孔四周撒灰线。测定高程水准点。放线工序完成后，办理预检手续。2.2.5按设计要求分段制作好钢筋笼。2.2.6全面开挖之前，有选择地先挖两个试验桩孔，分析土质、水文等有关情况，以此修改原编施工方案。2.2.7在地下水位比较高的区域，先降低地下水位至桩低以下0.5m左右。2.2.8人工挖孔操作的安全至关重要，开挖前应对施工人员进行全面的安全技术交底；操作前对吊具进行安全可靠的检查和试验，确保施工安全。 3.1工艺流程：放线定桩位及高程→开挖第一节桩孔土方→支护壁模板放附加钢筋→浇筑第一节护壁混凝土→检查桩位（中心）轴线→架设垂直运输架→安装电动葫芦（卷扬机或木辘轳）→安装吊桶、照明、活动盖板、水泵、通风机等→开挖吊运第二节桩孔土方（修边）→先拆第一节支第二节护壁模板（放附加钢筋）→浇第二节护壁混凝土→检查桩位（中心）轴线→andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标逐层往下循环作业→开挖扩底部分→检查验收→吊放钢筋笼→放混凝土溜筒（导管）→浇筑桩身混凝土（随浇随振）→插桩顶钢筋→3.2放线定桩位及高程：在场地三通一平的基础上，依据建筑物测量控制网的资料和基础平面布置图，测定桩位轴线方格控制网和高程基准许点。确定好桩位中心，以中点为圆心，以桩身半径加护壁厚度为半径画出上部（即第一步）的圆周。撒石灰线作为桩孔开挖尺寸线。孔位线定好之后，必须经有关部门进行复查，办好预检手续后开挖。3.3开挖第一节桩孔土方：开挖桩孔应从上到下逐层进行，先挖中间部分的土方，然后扩及周边，有效地控制开挖孔的截面尺寸。每节的高度应根据土质好坏、操作条件而定，一般以0.9～1.2m为宜。3.4支护壁模板附加钢筋：为防止桩孔壁坍方，确保安全施工，成孔应设置井圈，其种类有素混凝土和钢筋混凝土两种。以现浇钢筋混凝土井圈为好，与土壁能紧密结合，稳定性和整体性能均佳，且受力均匀，可以优先选用。当桩孔直径不大，深度较浅而土质又好，地下水位较低的情况下，也可以采用喷射混凝土护壁。护壁的厚度应根据井圈材料、性能、刚度、稳定性、操作方便、构造简单等要求，并按受力状况，以最下面一节所承受的土侧压力和地下水侧压力，通过计算来确定。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标护壁模板采用拆上节、支下节重复周转使用。模板之间用卡具、扣件连接固定，也可以在每节模板的上下端各设一道圆弧形的、用槽钢或角钢做成的内钢圈作为内侧支撑，防止内模因受涨力而变形。不设水平支撑，以方便操作。第一节护壁以高出地坪150～200mm为宜，便于挡土、挡水。桩位轴线和高程均应标定在第一节护壁上口，护壁厚度一般取100～150mm。3.5浇筑第一节护壁混凝土：桩孔护壁混凝土每挖完一节以后应立即浇筑混凝土。人工浇筑，人工捣实，混凝土强度一般为C20，坍落度控制在100mm，确保孔壁的稳定性。3.6检查桩位（中心）轴线及标高：每节桩孔护壁做好以后，必须将桩位十字轴线和标高测设在护壁的上口，然后用十字线对中，吊线坠向井底投设，以半径尺杆检查孔壁的垂直平整度。随之进行修整，井深必须以基准点为依据，逐根进行引测。保证桩孔轴线位置、标高、截面尺寸满足设计要求。3.7架设垂直运输架：第一节桩孔成孔以后，即着手在桩孔上口架设垂直运输支架。支架有：木搭、钢管吊架、木吊架或工字钢导轨支架几种形式；要求搭设稳定、牢固。3.8安装电动葫芦或卷扬机：在垂直运输架上安装滑轮组和电动或穿卷扬机的钢丝绳，选择适当位置安装卷扬机。如果是试桩和小型桩孔，也可以用木吊架、木辘轳或人工直接借助粗麻绳作提升工具。地面运土用手推车或翻斗车。3.9安装吊桶、照明、活动盖板、水泵和通风机。3.9.1在安装滑轮组及吊桶时，注意使吊桶与桩孔中心位置重合，作为挖土时直观上控制桩位中心和护壁支模的中心线。3.9.2井底照明必须用低压电源（36V、100W）、防水带罩的安全灯具。桩口上设围护栏。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标3.9.3当桩孔深大于20m时，应向井下通风，加强空气对流。必要时输送氧气，防止有毒气体的危害。操作时上下人员轮换作业，桩孔上人员密切注视观察桩孔下人员的情况，互相响应，切实预防安全事故的发生。3.9.4当地下水量不大时，随挖随将泥水用吊桶运出。地下渗水量较大时，吊桶已满足不了排水，先在桩孔底挖集水坑，用高程水泵沉入抽水，边降水边挖土，水泵的规格按抽水量确定。应日夜三班抽水，使水位保持稳定。地下水位较高时，应先采用统一降水的措施，再进行开挖。3.9.5桩孔口安装水平推移的活动安全盖板，当桩孔内有人挖土时，应掩好安全盖板，防止杂物掉下砸人。无关人员不得靠近桩孔口边。吊运土时，再打开安全盖板。3.10开挖吊运第二节桩孔土方（修边），从第二节开始，利用提升设备运土，桩孔内人员应戴好安全帽，地面人员应拴好安全带。吊桶离开孔口上方1.5m时，推动活动安全盖板，掩蔽孔口，防止卸土的土块、石块等杂物坠落孔内伤人。吊桶在小推车内卸土后，再打开活动盖板，下放吊桶装土。桩孔挖至规定的深度后，用支杆检查桩孔的直径及井壁圆弧度，上下应垂直平顺，修整孔壁。3.11先拆除第一节支第二节护壁模板，放附加钢筋，护壁模板采用拆上节支下节依次周转使用。如往下孔径缩小，应配备小块模板进行调整。模板上口留出高度为100mm的混凝土浇筑口，接口处应捣固密实。拆模后用混凝土或砌砖堵严，水泥砂浆抹平，拆模强度达到1MPa。3.12浇筑第二节护壁混凝土：混凝土用串桶送来，人工浇筑，人工插捣密实。混凝土可由试验确定掺入早强剂，以加速混凝土的硬化。3.13检查桩位中心轴线及标高：以桩孔口的定位线为依据，逐节校测。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标3.14逐层往下循环作业，将桩孔挖至设计深度，清除虚土，检查土质情况，桩底应支承在设计所规定的持力层上。3.15开挖扩底部份：桩底可分为扩底和不扩底两种情况。挖扩底桩应先将扩底部位桩身的圆柱体挖好，再按扩底部位的尺寸、形状自上而下削土扩充成设计图纸的要求；如设计无明确要求，扩底直径一般为1.5～3.0d。扩底部位的变径尺寸为1∶4。3.16检查验收：成孔以后必须对桩身直径、扩头尺寸、孔底标高、桩位中线、井壁垂直、虚土厚度进行全面测定。做好施工记录，办理隐蔽验收手续。3.17吊放钢筋笼：钢筋笼放入前应先绑好砂浆垫块，按设计要求一般为70mm（钢筋笼四周，在主筋上每隔3～4m左右设一个φ20耳环，作为定位垫块）；吊放钢筋笼时，要对准孔位，直吊扶稳、缓慢下沉，避免碰撞孔壁。钢筋笼放到设计位置时，应立即固定。遇有两段钢筋笼连接时，应采用焊接（搭接焊或帮条焊），双面焊接，接头数按50%错开，以确保钢筋位置正确，保护层厚度符合要求。3.18浇筑桩身混凝土：桩身混凝土可使用粒径不大于50mm的石子，坍落度80～100mm，机械搅拌。用溜槽加串桶向桩孔内浇筑混凝土。混凝土的落差大于2m，桩孔深度超过12m时，宜采用混凝土导管浇筑。浇筑混凝土时应连续进行，分层振捣密实。一般第一步宜浇筑到扩底部位的顶面，然后浇筑上部混凝土。分层高度以捣固的工具而定，但不宜大于1.5m。3.19混凝土浇筑到桩顶时，应适当超过桩顶设计标高，以保证在剔除浮浆后，桩顶标高符合设计要求。桩顶上的钢筋插铁一定要保持设计尺寸，垂直插入，并有足够的保护层。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标3.20冬、雨期施工：3.20.1冬期当温度低于0℃以下浇筑混凝土时，应采取加热保温措施。浇筑的入模温度应由冬施方案确定。在桩顶未达到设计强度50%以前不得受冻。当夏季气温高于30℃，应根据具体情况对混凝土采取缓凝措施。3.20.2雨天不能进行人工挖桩孔的工作。现场必须有排水的措施，严防地面雨水流入桩孔内，致使桩孔塌方。 4.1保证项目：4.1.1灌注桩的原材料和混凝土强度必须符合设计要求和施工规范的规定。4.1.2实际浇筑混凝土量，严禁小于计算体积。4.1.3浇筑混凝土后的桩顶标高及浮浆的处理，必须符合设计要求和施工规范的规定。4.2基本项目：4.2.1桩身直径应严格控制。一般不应超过桩长的3‰，且最大不超过50mm。4.2.2孔底虚土厚度不应超过规定。扩底形状、尺寸符合设计要求，桩底应落在持力土层上，持力层土体不应被破坏。4.3允许偏差项目，见表2-9。人工成孔灌注桩允许偏差表2-9项次项目允许偏差(mm)检验方法1钢筋笼主筋间距±10尺量检查2钢筋笼箍筋间距±20尺量检查3钢筋笼直径±10尺量检查andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标4钢筋笼长度±50尺量检查5桩位中心轴线±10拉线和尺量检查6桩孔垂直度3‰L，且不大于50吊线和尺量检查7桩身直径±10尺量检查8桩底标高±10尺量检查9护壁混凝土厚度±20尺量检查注：L为桩长。 5.1已挖好的桩孔必须用木板或脚手板、钢筋网片盖好，防止土块、杂物、人员坠落。严禁用草袋、塑料布虚掩。5.2已挖好的桩孔及时放好钢筋笼，及时浇筑混凝土，间隔时间不得超过4h，以防坍方。有地下水的桩孔应随挖、随检、随放钢筋笼、随时将混凝土灌好，避免地下水浸泡。5.3桩孔上口外圈应做好挡土台，防止灌水及掉土。5.4保护好已成形的钢筋笼，不得扭曲、松动变形。吊入桩孔时，不要碰坏孔壁。串桶应垂直放置，防止因混凝土斜向冲击孔壁，破坏护壁土层，造成夹土。5.5钢筋笼不要被泥浆污染；浇筑混凝土时，在钢筋笼顶部固定牢固，限制钢筋笼上浮。5.6桩孔混凝土浇筑完毕，应复核桩位和桩顶标高。将桩顶的主筋或插铁扶正，用塑料布或草帘围好，防止混凝土发生收缩、干裂。5.7施工过程妥善保护好场地的轴线桩、水准点。不得碾压桩头，弯折钢筋。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标6.1垂直偏差过大：由于开挖过程未按要求每节核验垂直度，致使挖完以后垂直超偏。每挖完一节，必须根据桩孔口上的轴线吊直、修边、使孔壁圆弧保持上下顺直。6.2孔壁坍塌：因桩位土质不好，或地下水渗出而使孔壁坍塌。开挖前应掌握现场土质情况，错开桩位开挖，缩短每节高度，随时观察土体松动情况，必要时可在坍孔处用砌砖，钢板桩、木板桩封堵；操作进程要紧凑，不留间隔空隙，避免坍孔。6.3孔底残留虚土太多；成孔、修边以后有较多虚土、碎砖，未认真清除。在放钢筋笼前后均应认真检查孔底，清除虚土杂物。必要时用水泥砂浆或混凝土封底。6.4孔底出现积水：当地下水渗出较快或雨水流入，抽排水不及时，就会出现积水。开挖过程中孔底要挖集水坑，及时下泵抽水。如有少量积水，浇筑混凝土时可在首盘采用半干硬性的，大量积水一时又排除困难的情况下，则应用导管水下浇筑混凝土的方法，确保施工质量。6.5桩身混凝土质量差：有缩颈、空洞、夹土等现象。在浇筑混凝土前一定要做好操作技术交底，坚持分层浇筑、分层振捣、连续作业。必要时用铁管、竹杆、钢筋钎人工辅助插捣，以补充机械振捣的不足。6.6钢筋笼扭曲变形：钢筋笼加工制作时点焊不牢，未采取支撑加强钢筋，运输、吊放时产生变形、扭曲。钢筋笼应在专用平台上加工，主筋与箍筋点焊牢固，支撑加固措施要可靠，吊运要竖直，使其平稳地放入桩孔中，保持骨架完好。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标三、现场吊装工程部分（一）、厂房结构安装测量A．钢柱安装测量1.钢柱安装前的准备工作(1)对桩基础中心线及其间距，基础顶面标高和地脚螺栓进行复核，符合设计要求后，才可以进行安装工作。(2)把每根钢柱按轴线位置进行编号，并检查钢柱的尺寸、钢柱底到牛腿面的尺寸、牛腿面到钢柱顶的尺寸等，无误后，才可进行弹线。(3)在钢柱身的三面，用墨线弹出柱中心线，每个面在中心线上画出上、中、下三点水平标记。并精密量出各标记间距离。(4)调整基础顶标高，检查牛腿面到钢柱底的长度，看其是否符合设计要求，如不相符，就要根据实际钢柱长修整桩基础、独立基础顶标高，以使钢柱吊装后，牛腿面的标高基本符合设计要求，具体做法是：基础上某一标高线（如一般基础顶面标高同为-0.500m，则在基础上抄上-0.600m的标高线）。然后根据牛腿面设计标高，用钢尺在柱身上量出±0.000及某一标高线的位置，并涂面标志。分别量出基础上某一标高线到基础顶标高及钢柱身上某一标高线至钢柱底高度，并进行比较，以修整基础顶标高，高的地方凿去一些，低的地方用水泥砂浆填平，使钢柱底与基础顶吻合。2、钢柱安装时的测量andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标钢柱安装的要求是保证平面与高程位置符合设计要求，钢柱垂直。钢柱吊装要掌握如下要求：基础面设计标高加上钢柱底到牛腿面的高度，应等于牛腿面的设计标高。首先，根据基础面上的标高点修整基础面，再根据基础面设计标高与柱底到牛腿面的高度算出垫板厚度。安放垫板要用水平仪配合抄平，使其符合设计标高。钢柱在基础上就位以后，应使钢柱身中线与基础面上的中线对齐。钢柱立稳后，即应观测±0.000点标高是否符合设计要求，其允许误差应满足下表的要求。允许误差表测量内容测量容差（mm）钢柱垫板标高钢柱±0标高检查预制钢筋混凝±0标高检查钢柱垂直度±2±2±3柱高10m内，≤±1010m以上，H/1000≤±20注：H为钢柱高度。3、钢柱垂直校正测量用两架经纬仪安置在纵横轴线上，离钢柱的距离约为钢柱高的1.5倍，先照准柱底中线，再渐渐仰视到柱顶，如中线偏离视线，表示钢柱不垂直，可指挥调节拉绳或支撑，敲打梆子等方法使钢柱垂直。经校正后，钢柱身的中线与轴线偏差不得大于5mm。钢柱垂直度容许误差，按表4-31的规定，钢柱高10m以上时，其最大误差不得大于20mm。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标B．吊车梁安装测量吊车梁的安装测量，主要是保证吊车梁中线位置和梁的标高满足设计要求。１、吊车梁安装时的中线测量根据厂房控制网或柱中心轴线端点，在地面上定出吊车梁中心线（亦即吊车轨道中心线）控制桩，然后用经纬仪将吊车梁中心线投测在每根钢架柱子牛腿上，并弹以墨线，投点误差为±３ｍｍ。吊装时使车车梁中心线与牛腿上中心线对齐。２、吊车梁安装时的高程测量吊车梁顶面标高，应符合设计要求。根据±０标高线，沿钢架柱身侧面向上量取一段距离，在柱身上定出牛腿 面的设计标高点，作为整平牛腿面及加垫板的依据。同时在柱子上端比梁顶面度５－１０ｃｍ处测设一标高点，据此修平梁面。梁面整平以后，应置水准仪于吊车梁上，检测梁面的标高是否符合设计要求，误差应不超过±３－±５ｍｍ。C．吊车轨道安装测量这项工作的目的是保证轨道中心线和轨顶标高符合设计要求。1、在吊车梁上测设轨道中心线（１）用平行线法测定轨道中心线，吊车梁在牛腿上安放好后，第一次投在牛腿上中心线已被吊车梁所掩盖，所以在梁面上再次投测轨道中心线，以便安装吊车轨道。（２）根据吊车梁两端投测的中线点测定轨道中心线andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标根据地面上钢柱身中心线控制点或厂房控制网点，测出吊车梁（吊车轨道）中心线点。然后根据此点用经纬仪在厂房两端的吊车梁面上各投一点，两条吊车梁共投四点。投点容差为±２ｍｍ。再用钢尺丈量两端所投中线点的跨距是否符合设计要求，如超过±５ｍｍ，则以实量长度为准予以调整。将仪器安置于吊车梁一端中线点上，照准另一端点，在梁面上进行中线投点加密，每隔18-24m加密一点。如梁面狭窄，不能安置三脚架，应采用特殊仪器架安置仪器。轨道中心线最好于屋面安装后测设，否则当屋面安装完毕后应重新检查中心线。在测设吊车梁中心线时，应将其方向引测在墙上或屋架上。a、吊车轨道安装时的标高测量吊车轨道中线点在梁面上测定以后，应根据中线点弹出墨线，以便安放轨道垫板。在安装轨道垫板时，应根据柱子上端测设的标高点，测出垫板标高，使其符合设计要求，以便安装轨道。梁面垫板标高的测量容差为±2mm。b、吊车轨道检查测量吊车轨道在吊车梁上安装好后，必须检查轨道中心线是否成一直线，轨道跨距及轨顶标高是否符合设计要求。检测结果要作出记录，作为竣工资料提出。轨道安装竣工检查测量容差应满足下表要求。轨道安装测量容差表测量内容测量容差（mm）轨道跨距丈量轨道中心线（加密点）投点轨道安装标高±3—±5±2±2（1）轨道中心线的检查andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标置经纬仪于吊车梁上，照准预先在墙上或屋架上引测的中心线两端点，用正倒镜法将仪器中心移至轨道中心线上，而后每隔18m投测一点，检查轨道的中心是否在一直线上，容许偏差为±2mm，否则，应重新调整轨道。（2）跨距检查在两条轨道称点上，用钢尺精密丈量其跨距尺寸，实测值与设计值相差不得超过3-5mm，否则，应予调整。轨道安装中心线经调整后，必须保证思道安装中心线与吊车梁实际中心线的偏差小于±10mm。（3）轨顶标高检查吊车轨道安装好后，必须根据在柱子端测设的标高点（水准点）检查轨顶标高。在两轨接头处各测一点，中间每隔6m测一点，容许误差为±2mm。（二）结构件转运、堆放本工程用钢结构大部分在我公司的钢结构加工厂制作，由于路长、运输困难，钢构件必须在现场进行拼装，为方便吊装，构件堆放场选在相应吊装位置的基础旁，尽可能减少对场地的需求。钢结构运抵堆放场，经过检验后分类、配套按堆垛堆放。堆垛高度一般不大于2m，以保证安全。堆垛之间需留出必要的通道，一般宽度为2m。构件采用红岩平板车和拖车转运，转运容易变形的构件（如屋架等）须在汽车上加装防变形的装置，运输时必须用钢丝绳及手拉葫芦保护稳固。（三）吊装准备工作1、编制工程的施工组织设计andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标其内容包括：钢结构构件和连接件数量及进场时间要求；选用的吊装机械；确定流水程序；确定质量标准、安全措施和特殊施工技术等。选择吊装机械是钢结构吊装的关键。选择吊装机械的前提条件是：必须满足钢构件的吊装要求；机械必须确保供应；必须保证确定的工期。本工程厂房面积大，宜用移动式起重机械。根据本工程的厂房结构以及构件的重量，本工程准备采用最适合工程现场情况的吊机（见表四）配合吊装，有效缩短现场吊装工期，为其他项目施工创造条件。吊装流水程序要明确每台吊装机械的工作内容和各台吊装机械之间的相互配合。其内容深度，要达到关键构件反映到单件，竖向构件反映到钢架列，屋面部分反映到节间。2、基础准备和构件检验基础准备包括轴线误差测量，基础支承面的准备、支承面和支座表面标高与水平度的检验、地脚螺栓位置和伸出支承面长度的量测等。桩基础、独立基础轴线和标高是否正确是确保安装质量的基础，应根据基础的验收资料复核各项数据，并标注在基础表面上。基础支承面的准备有两种做法，一种是基础一次浇筑到设计标高。即基础表面先浇筑到设计标高以下20-30mm处，然后在设计标高处设角钢或槽钢制导架，测准其标高，再以导架为依据用水泥铺筑支座表面；另一种是基础预留标高，安装时做足。即基础表面先浇筑至距设计标高50-60mm处，钢架吊装时，在基础面上放钢垫板（不得多于三块）以调整标高，待钢架吊装就位后，再在钢柱脚底板下浇筑细石混凝土。基础支承面、支座和地脚螺栓的允许偏差如表。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标支承面、地脚螺栓（锚栓）的允许偏差（mm）项目允许偏差支承面标高±3.0水平度1/1000地脚螺栓螺栓中心偏移5.0螺栓露出长度+20.00螺纹长度+20.00预留孔中心偏移10.0钢构件外形和几何尺寸正确，可以保证结构安装顺利进行。为此，在吊装之前应根据《钢结构工程施工及验收规范》（GB50205-95）中有关的规定，仔细检验钢构件的外形和几何尺寸，如有超出规定的偏差，在吊装之前应设法消除。此外，为便于校正钢柱的平面位置和垂直度、桁架和吊车梁的标高等，在钢架柱的底部和上部标出两个方向的轴线，在钢架柱底部适当高度处标出标高准线。对于吊点亦应标出，便于吊装时按规定吊点绑扎。3、验算桁架的吊装稳定性吊装桁架时，如果桁架上、下弦角钢的最小规格能满足下表的规定，则不论绑扎点在桁架上任何一点，桁架在吊装时都能保证稳定性。保证桁架吊装稳定性的弦杆最小规格表弦杆断面桁架跨度（m）12251821242730andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标上弦杆（mm）90×60×8100×75×875×8100×75×8120×80×880×8120×80×880×8150×100×12120×80×12200×120×12180×90×12下弦杆（mm）65×675×890×890×8120×80×880×8120×80×8150×100×10四）构件吊装厂房构件，包括钢柱、吊车梁、桁架、檩条、支撑及墙架等，构件的形式、尺寸、重量、安装标高都不同，因此所采用的起重设备、吊装方法等亦需随之变化，与相适应以达到经济合理。1、钢柱吊装与校正钢柱的吊装方法为旋转吊装法及滑行吊装法。对重型钢架可采用双机抬吊的方法进行吊装。起吊时，双机同时将钢架平吊起来，离地一定高度后暂停，然后双机同时打开回刹车，由主机单独起吊，当钢柱吊装回直后，拆除辅机下吊点的绑扎钢丝绳，由主机单独将钢柱插进锚固螺栓固定。（1）钢柱吊装与校正钢柱经过初校，待垂直度偏差控制在20mm以内方可使起重机脱钩。钢柱的垂直度用经纬仪检验，如有偏差，用螺旋（或油压）千斤顶进行校正，在校正过程中，随时观察柱底和标高控制块之间是否脱空，以防校正过程中造成水平标高的误差。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标钢柱位置的校正，对于重型钢柱可用螺旋千斤顶加链条套环托座，沿水平方向顶校钢柱。校正后为防止钢柱位移，在柱四边用10mm厚的钢板定位，并用电焊固定。钢柱复校后，再紧固锚固螺栓，并将承重块上下点焊固定，防止走动。钢柱支撑应及时安装，以保证钢架稳定性。钢柱安装的允许偏差项目允许偏差柱脚底座中心线对定位轴线的偏移5.0柱基准点标高有吊车梁的钢架+3,-5.0无吊车梁的钢架+5,-8.0挠曲矢高H/1000、15.0钢柱轴线垂直度单层柱H<10m10.0H>10mH/1000、25.0多节柱底层柱10.0柱全高35.02、吊车梁吊装与校正在钢柱吊装完成经调整固定于基础上之后，即可吊装吊车梁。钢吊车梁均为简支梁形式，梁端之间留有10mm左右的空隙。梁的搁置处与牛腿之间留有空隙，设钢垫板。梁与牛腿用螺栓连接，梁与制动架之间用高强度螺栓连接。吊车梁吊装前必须：1）密切注意钢架吊装后的位移和垂直度的偏差；2）实测吊车梁搁置处梁高制作的误差；3）认真做好临时标高垫块工作；4）严格控制定位轴线。吊车梁吊装绑扎点必须对称设置，使吊车梁基本保证平衡，吊车梁两端必须拉溜绳，保证吊起时不碰撞其它构件。吊车梁就位后基本对好牛腿上巳弹好的纵轴线、临时固定后松钩。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标吊车梁的校正主要为标高、垂直度、轴线和跨距等。标高的校正可在屋盖吊装前进行，其他项目的校正宜在屋盖吊装完成后进行，因为屋盖的吊装可能引起钢柱在跨度方向有微小的变动。检验吊车梁的轴线，以跨距为准，于吊车梁上面沿车间长度方向拉通钢丝，再用锤球检验各根吊车梁的轴线，亦可用经纬仪在钢架柱身侧面放一根与吊车梁轴线平行的校正基线，作为校正吊车梁轴线的依据。吊车梁跨距的检验，用钢皮尺量测，跨度大的车间用弹簧秤拉测（拉力一般为100-200N），防止下垂，必要时对下垂度△应进行校正计算：△=W2L2/24T2式中△——中央下垂数（m）W——钢皮尺每米重度（N/m）L——钢皮尺长度（m）T——量距时的拉力（N）吊车梁标高校正，主要是对梁作高低方向的移动，可用千斤顶或起重机等。轴线和跨距的校正是对梁作水平方向的移动，可用撬棍、钢楔、花篮螺丝、千斤顶等。吊车梁安装的允许偏差表（mm）。项目允许偏差梁跨中的垂直度H/500弯曲侧向L/100010.0垂直方向+10.00两端支座中心位移(△)安装在钢架上,对牛腿中心的偏移5.0安装在混凝土柱上,对定位轴线偏移5.0吊车梁支座加劲板中心与柱子承压加劲板中心偏移(△1)T/2同跨间内同一横截面吊车梁顶面高差支座处10.0其他处15.0andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标同列相邻两钢架间吊车梁顶面高差L/150010.5同跨间任一截面的吊车梁中心跨距±10.0相邻两吊车梁接头部位中心错位3.0顶面高差1.0轨道中心对吊车梁腹板轴线偏移10.03、钢桁架的吊装与校正由于桁架的跨度、重量和安装高度不同，适合的吊装机械和吊装方法亦随之而异。桁架多用悬空吊装，为使桁架在吊起后不致发生摇摆，和其他构件碰撞，起吊前在离支座的节间附近用麻绳系牢，随吊随放松，以此保持其正确位置。桁架的绑扎点要保证桁架的吊装稳定性，否则就需在吊装前进行临时加固。钢桁架的侧向稳定性较差，如果吊装机械的起重量和起重臂长度允许时，最好经扩大拼装后进行组合吊装，即在地面上将两榀桁架及其上的天窗架、檩条、支撑等拼装成整体，一次进行吊装，这样不但可提高吊装效率，也有利于保证其吊装的稳定性。桁架临时固定需用临时螺栓和冲钉，则每个节点处应穿入的数量必须由计算确定，并应符合下列规定：1）不得少于安装孔总数的1/3；2）至少应穿两个临时螺栓；3）冲钉穿入数量不宜多于临时螺栓的30%；4）扩钻后的螺栓（A级、B级）的孔不得使用冲钉。钢桁架要检验校正其垂直度则可用拉紧的测绳进行检验，其安装的允许偏差如表所示。钢桁架的最后固定，用电焊或高强度螺栓。钢屋架吊装应在上弦标出檩条等安装位置，为檩条等安装创造条件。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标钢桁架安装的允许偏差项目允许偏差跨中的垂直度h/25015.0桁架及其受压弦杆的侧向弯曲矢高(f)L/1000、10.0当安装在混凝土柱上时，支座中心对定位轴线偏移10.0桁架间距(采用大型混凝土屋面板时)±10.0四、一般砌筑工程1.1砖墙砌筑工程。2.1材料及主要机具：2.1.1砖：品种、强度等级必须符合设计要求，并有出厂合格证、试验单。清水墙的砖应色泽均匀，边角整齐。2.1.2水泥：品种及标号应根据砌体部位及所处环境条件选择，一般宜采用325号普通硅酸盐水泥或矿渣硅酸盐水泥。2.1.3砂：用中砂，配制M5以下砂浆所用砂的含泥量不超过10%，M5及其以上砂浆的砂含泥量不超过5%，使用前用5mm孔径的筛子过筛。2.1.4掺合料：白灰熟化时间不少于7d，或采用粉煤灰等；2.1.5其它材料：墙体拉结筋及预埋件、木砖应刷防腐剂等。2.1.6主要机具；应备有大铲、刨锛、瓦刀、扇子、托线板、线坠、小白线、卷尺、铁水平尺、皮数杆、小水桶、灰槽、砖夹子、扫帚等。2.2作业条件：2.2.1完成室外及房心回填土，安装好沟盖板。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标2.2.2办完地基、基础工程隐检手续。2.2.3按标高抹好水泥砂浆防潮层。2.2.4弹好轴线墙身线，根据进场砖的实际规格尺寸，弹出门窗洞口位置线，经验线符合设计要求，办完预检手续。2.2.5按设计标高要求立好应数杆，皮数杆的间距以15～20m为宜。2.2.6砂浆由试验室做好试配，准备好砂浆试模（6块为一组）。 3.1工艺流程：砂浆搅拌↓作业准备→砖浇水→砌砖墙→验评 3.2砖浇水：粘土砖必须在砌筑前一天浇水湿润，一般以水浸入砖四边1.5m为宜，含水率为10%～15%，常温施工不得用干砖上墙；雨季不得使用含水率达饱和状态的砖砌墙；冬期浇水有困难，必须适当增大砂浆稠度。3.3砂浆搅拌：砂浆配合比应采用重量比，计量精度水泥为±2%，砂、灰膏控制在±5%以内。宜用机械搅拌，搅拌时间不少于1.5min。3.4砌砖墙：3.4.1组砌方法：砌体一般采用一顺一丁（满丁、满条）、梅花丁或三顺一丁砌法。砖柱不得采用先砌四周后填心的包心砌法。3.4.2andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标排砖撂底（干摆砖）：一般外墙第一层砖撂底时，两山墙排丁砖，前后檐纵墙排条砖。根据弹好的门窗洞口位置线，认真核对廖间墙、垛尺寸，其长度是否符合排砖模数，如不符合模数时，可将门窗口的位置左右移动。若有破活，七分头或丁砖应排在窗口中间，附墙垛或其它不明显的部位。移动门窗口位置时，应注意暖卫立管安装及门窗开启时不受影响。另外，在排砖时还要考虑在门窗口上边的砖墙合拢时也不出现破活。所以排砖时必须做全盘考虑，前后檐墙排第一皮砖时，要考虑甩窗口后砌条砖，窗角上必须是七分头才是好活。3.4.3选砖：砌清水墙应选择棱角整齐，无弯曲、裂纹，颜色均匀，规格基本一致的砖。敲击时声音响亮，焙烧过火变色，变形的砖可用在基础及不影响外观的内墙上。3.4.4盘角：砌砖前应先盘角，每次盘角不要超过五层，新盘的大角，及时进行吊、靠。如有偏差要及时修整。盘角时要仔细对照皮数杆的砖层和标高，控制好灰缝大小，使水平灰缝均匀一致。大角盘好后再复查一次，平整和垂直完全符合要求后，再挂线砌墙。3.4.5挂线：砌筑一砖半墙必须双面挂线，如果长墙几个人均使用一根通线，中间应设几个支线点，小线要拉紧，每层砖都要穿线看平，使水平缝均匀一致，平直通顺；砌一砖厚混水墙时宜采用外手挂线，可照顾砖墙两面平整，为下道工序控制抹灰厚度奠定基础。3.4.6砌砖：砌砖宜采用一铲灰、一块砖、一挤揉的“三一”砌砖法，即满铺、满挤操作法。砌砖时砖要放平。里手高，墙面就要张；里手低，墙面就要背。砌砖一定要跟线，“上跟线，下跟棱，左右相邻要对平”。水平灰缝厚度和竖向灰缝宽度一般为10mm，但不应小于8mm，也不应大于12mm。为保证清水墙面主缝垂直，不游丁走缝，当砌完一步架高时，宜每隔2mandmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标水平间距，在丁砖立楞位置弹两道垂直立线，可以分段控制游丁走缝。在操作过程中，要认真进行自检，如出现有偏差，应随时纠正。严禁事后砸墙。清水墙不允许有三分头，木得在上部任意变活、乱缝。砌筑砂浆应随搅拌随使用，一般水泥砂浆必须在3h内用完，水泥混合砂浆必须在4h内用完，不得使用过夜砂浆。砌清水墙应随砌、随划缝，划缝深度为8～10mm，深浅一致，墙面清扫干净。混水墙应随砌随将舌头灰刮尽。3.4.7留槎：外墙转角处应同时砌筑。内外墙交接处必须留斜槎，槎子长度不应小于墙体高度的2/3，槎子必须平直、通顺。分段位置应在变形缝或门窗口角处，隔墙与墙或柱不同时砌筑时，可留阳槎加预埋拉结筋。沿墙高按设计要求每50cm预埋φ6钢筋2根，其理入长度从墙的留槎处算起，一般每边均不小于50cm，末端应加90°弯钩。施工洞口也应按以上要求留水平拉结筋。隔墙顶应用立砖斜砌挤紧。3.4.8木砖预留孔洞和墙体拉结筋：木砖预埋时应小头在外，大头在内，数量按洞口高度决定。洞口高在1.2m以内，每边放2块；高l.2～2m，每边放3块；高2～3m，每边放4块，预埋木砖的部位一般在洞口上边或下边四皮砖，中间均匀分布。木砖要提前做好防腐处理。钢门窗安装的预留孔。硬架支模、暖卫管道，均应按设计要求预留，不得事后剔凿。墙体拉结筋的位置、规格、数量、间距均应按设计要求留置，不应错放、漏放。3.4.9安装过梁、梁垫：安装过梁、梁垫时，其标高、位置及型号必须准确，坐灰饱满。如坐灰厚度超过2cm时，要用豆石混凝土铺垫，过梁安装时，两端支承点的长度应一致。3.4.10构造柱做法：凡没有构造柱的工程，在砌砖前，先根据设计图纸将构造柱位置进行弹线，并把构造柱插筋处理顺直。砌砖墙时，与构造柱连接处砌成马牙槎。每一个马牙槎沿高度方向的尺寸不宜超过30cmandmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（即五皮砖）。马牙槎应先退后进。拉结筋按设计要求放置，设计无要求时，一般沿墙高50cm设置2根φ6水平拉结筋，每边深入墙内不应小于1m。3.5冬期施工：在预计连续10d由平均气温低于+5℃或当日最低温度低于-3℃时即进入冬期施工。冬期使用的砖，要求在砌筑前清除冰霜。水泥宜用普通硅酸盐水泥，灰膏要防冻，如已受冻要融化后方能使用。砂中不得含有大于1cm的冻块，材料加热时，水加热不超过80℃砂加热不超过40℃。砖正温度时适当浇水，负温即应停止。可适当增大砂浆稠度。冬期不应使用无水泥的砂浆。砂浆中掺盐时，应用波美比重计检查盐溶液浓度。但对绝缘、保温或装饰有特殊要求的工程不得掺盐，砂浆使用温度不应低于+5℃，掺盐量应符合冬施方案的规定。采用掺盐砂浆砌筑时，砌体中的钢筋应预先做防腐处理，一般涂防锈漆两道。4.1保证项目：4.1.1砖的品种、强度等级必须符合设计要求。4.1.2砂浆品种及强度应符合设计要求。同品种、同强度等级砂浆各组试块抗压强度平均值不小于设计强度值，任一组试块的强度最低值不小于设计强度的75%。4.1.3砌体砂浆必须密实饱满，实心砖砌体水平灰缝的砂浆饱满度不小于80%。4.1.4外墙转角处严禁留直槎，其它临时间断处留槎做法必须符合规定。4.2基本项目：4.2.1砌体上下错缝，砖柱、垛元包心砌法：窗间墙及清水墙面无通缝；混水墙每间（处）无4皮砖的通缝（通缝指上下二皮砖搭接长度小于25mm）。4.2.2andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标砖砌体接槎处灰浆应密实，缝、砖平直，每处接槎部位水平灰缝厚度小于5mm或透亮的缺陷不超过5个。4.2.3预埋拉筋的数量、长度均符合设计要求和施工规范的规定，留置间距偏差不超过一皮砖；4.2.4构造柱留置正确，大马牙槎先退后进、上下顺直；残留砂浆清理干净。4.2.5清水墙组砌正确，坚缝通顺，刮缝深度适宜、一致，楞角整齐，墙面清洁美观。4.3允许偏差项目，见表6-2表6-2顶次顶目允许偏差(mm)检查方法1轴线位置偏移10用经纬仪或拉线和尺量检查2基础和墙砌体顶面标高±15用水准仪和尺量检查3垂直度≤10m10、>10m20清水墙、柱5混水墙、柱8清水墙7混水墙106水泥、灰缝厚度(10皮砖累计数)±8与皮数杆比较尺量检查7清水墙游丁走缝20吊线和尺量检查，以底层第一皮砖为准门窗洞口宽度±5(后塞口)门口高度+15(-5)9预留构造柱(宽度、深度)±10尺量检查10外墙上、下窗口偏移20用经纬仪或吊线检查，以底层窗口为准andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标5.1墙体拉结筋、抗震构造柱钢筋、大模板混凝土墙体钢筋及各种预埋件，暖卫、电气管线等，均应注意保护，不得任意拆改或损坏。5.2砂浆稠度应适宜，砌墙时应防止砂浆溅脏墙面。5.3在吊放平台脚手架或安装大模板时，指挥人员和吊车司机要认真指挥和操作，防止碰撞已砌好的砖墙。5.4在高车架进料口周围，应用塑料薄膜或木板等遮盖，保持墙面洁净。5.5尚未安装楼板或屋面板的墙和柱，当可能遇到大风时，应采取临时支撑等措施，以保证施工中墙体的稳定性。6.1基础墙与上部墙错台：基础砖撂底要正确，收退大放角两边要相等，退到墙身之前要检查轴线和边线是否正确，如偏差较小可在基础部位纠正，不得在防潮层以上退台或出沿。6.2清水墙游丁走缝：排砖时必须把立缝排匀，砌完一步架高度，每隔2m间距在丁砖立楞处用托线板吊直弹线，二步架往上继续吊直弹粉线，由底柱上所有七分头的长度应保持一致，上层分窗口位置时必同下窗口保持垂直。6.3灰缝大小不匀：立皮数杆要保证标高一致，盘角时灰缝要掌握均匀，砌砖时小线要拉紧，防止一层线松，一层线紧。6.4窗口上部立缝变活：清水墙排砖时，为了使窗间墙、垛排成好活，把被活排在中间或不明显位置，在砌过梁上第一行砖时，不得随意变活。6.5砖墙鼓胀：外砖内模墙体砌筑时，在窗间墙上、抗震柱两边分上、中、下留出6cm×12cm通孔，在抗震柱外墙面上垫木模板，用花篮螺栓与大模板连接牢固。混凝土要分层浇筑，振捣棒不可直接触及外墙。楼层圈梁外三皮12cm砖墙也应认真加固。如在振捣时发现砖墙已鼓胀，则应及时拆掉重砌。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标6.6混水墙粗糙：舌头灰未刮尽，半头砖集中使用，造成通缝；一砖厚墙背面偏差较大；砖墙错层造成螺丝墙。半头砖应分散使用在墙体较大的面上。首层或楼层的第一皮砖要查对皮数杆的标高及层高，防止到顶砌成螺丝墙。一砖厚墙应外手挂线。6.7构造柱处砌筑不符合要求：构造柱砖墙应砌成大马牙槎，设置好拉结筋，从柱脚开始两侧都应先退后进，当凿深12cm时，宜上口一皮进6cm，再上一皮进12cm，以保证混凝土浇筑时上角密实构造柱内的落地灰、砖渣杂物必须清理干净，防止混凝土内夹渣。本工艺标准应具备以下质量记录：7.1材料（砖、水泥、砂、钢筋等）的出厂合格证及复试报告。7.2砂浆试决试验报告。7.3分项工程质量检验评定。7.4隐检、预检记录。7.5冬期施工记录。7.6设计变更及洽商记录。7.7其它技术文件。五、 钢筋绑扎与安装工程1范围andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标本工艺标准适用于地下室钢筋混凝土底板、墙的钢筋绑扎。2.施工准备2.1材料及主要机具：2.1.1钢筋：应有出厂合格证，按规定作力学性能复试。当加工过程中发生脆断等特殊情况，还需作化学成分检验。钢筋应无老锈及油污。2.1.2铁丝：可采用20～22号铁丝（火烧丝）或镀锌铁丝（铅丝）。铁丝的切断长度要满足使用要求。2.1.3控制混凝土保护层用的砂浆垫块、塑料卡、各种挂钩或撑杆等。2.1.4工具：钢筋钩子、撬棍、扳子、绑扎架、钢丝刷子、手推车、粉笔、尺子等。2.2作业条件：2.2.1按施工现场平面图规定的位置，将钢筋堆放场地进行清理、平整。准备好垫木按钢筋绑扎顺序分类堆放，并将锈蚀进行清理。2.2.2核对钢筋的级别，型号、形状、尺寸及数量是否与设计图纸及加工配料单相同。2.2.3当施工现场地下水位较高时，必须有排水及降水措施。2.2.4熟悉图纸，确定钢筋穿插就位顺序，并与有关工种作好配合工作，如支模、管线、防水施工与绑扎钢筋的关系，确定施工方法，作好技术交底工作。2.2.5根据地下室防水施工方案（采用内贴法或外贴施工），底板钢筋绑扎前做完底板下防水层及保护层；支完底板四周模板（或砌完保护墙，做好防水层）。当地下室外墙防水采用内贴法施工时，在绑扎墙体钢筋之间前砌完保护墙，做好防水层及保护层。3操作工艺3.1工艺流程：划钢筋位置线→运钢筋到使用部位→绑底板及梁钢筋→绑墙钢筋3.2andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标划钢筋位置线：按图纸标明的钢筋间距，算出底板实际需用的钢筋根数，一般让靠近底板模板边的那根钢筋离模板边为5cm，在底板上弹出钢筋位置线（包括基础梁钢筋位置线）。3.3绑基础底板及基础梁钢筋3.3.1按弹出的钢筋位置线，先铺底板下层钢筋。根据底板受力情况，决定下层钢筋哪个方向钢筋在下面，一般情况下先铺短向钢筋，再铺长向钢筋。3.3.2钢筋绑扎时，靠近外围两行的相交点每点都绑扎，中间部分的相交点可相隔交错绑扎，双向受力的钢筋必须将钢筋交叉点全部绑扎。如采用一面顺扣应交错变换方向，也可采用八字扣，但必须保证钢筋不位移。3.3.3摆放底板混凝土保护层用砂浆垫块，垫层厚度等于保护层厚度，按每1m左右距离梅花型摆放。如基础底板较厚或基础梁及底板用钢量较大，摆放距离可缩小，甚至砂浆垫块可改用铁块代替。3.3.4底板如有基础梁，可分段绑扎成型，然后安装就位，或根据梁位置线就地绑扎成型。3.3.5基础底板采用双层钢筋时，绑完下层钢筋后，摆放钢筋马凳或钢筋支架（间距以1m左右一个为宜），在马凳上摆放纵横两个方向定位钢筋，钢筋上下次序及绑扣方法同底板下层钢筋。3.3.6底板钢筋如有绑扎接头时，钢筋搭接长度及搭接位置应符合施工规范要求，钢筋搭接处应用铁丝在中心及两端扎牢。如采用焊接接头，除应按焊接规程规定抽取试样外，接头处置也应符合施工规范的规定。3.3.7由于基础底板及基础梁受力的特殊性，上下层钢筋断筋位置应符合设计要求。3.3.8根据弹好的墙、柱位置线，将墙、柱伸入基础的插筋绑扎牢固，插入基础深度要符合设计要求，甩出长度不宜过长，其上端应采取措施保证甩筋垂直，不歪斜、倾倒、变位。3.4墙筋绑扎：3.4.1andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标在底板混凝土上弹出墙身及门窗洞口位置线，再次校正预埋插筋，如有位移时，按洽商规定认真处理。墙模板宜采用“跳间支模”，以利于钢筋施工。3.4.2先绑2～4根竖筋，并画好横筋分档标志，然后在下部及齐胸处绑两根横筋定位，并画好竖筋分档标志。一般情况横筋在外，竖筋在里，所以先绑竖筋后绑横筋。横竖筋的间距及位置应符合设计要求。3.4.3墙筋为双向受力筋，所有筋交叉点应逐点绑扎，其搭接长度及位置要符合设计图纸及施工规范的要求。3.4.4双排钢筋之间应绑间距支撑或拉筋，以固定钢筋间距。支撑或拉筋可用φ6或φ8钢筋制作，间距1m左右，以保证双排钢筋之间的距离。3.4.5在墙筋外侧应绑上带有铁丝的砂浆垫块，以保证保护层的厚度。3.4.6为保证门窗洞口标高位置正确，在洞口竖筋上划出标高线。门窗洞口要按设计要求绑扎过梁钢筋，锚入墙内长度要符合设计要求。3.4.7各连接点的抗震构造钢筋及锚固长度，均应按设计要求进行绑扎。如首层柱的纵向受力钢筋伸入地下室墙体深度；墙端部、内外墙交接处受力钢筋锚固长度等，绑扎时应注意。3.4.8配合其他工种安装预埋管件、预留洞口等，其位置，标高均应符合设计要求。4质量标准4.1保证项目：4.1.1钢筋的品种和质量、焊条、焊剂的牌号、性能及使用的钢板，必须符合设计要求和有关标准的规定。进口钢筋焊接前，必须进行化学成分检验的焊接试验，符合有关规定后方可焊接。4.1.2钢筋表面必须清洁，带有颗粒状或片状老锈，经除锈后仍有麻点的钢筋，严格按原规格使用。4.1.3钢筋的规格、形状、尺寸、数量、间距、锚固长度、接头设置，必须符合设计要求和施工规范的规定。4.1.4焊接接头机械性能，必须符合钢筋焊接规范的专门规定。4.2基本项目：andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标4.2.1绑扎钢筋的缺扣、松扣数量不得超过绑扣数的10%，且不应集中。4.2.2弯钩的朝向应正确，绑扎接头应符合施工规范的规定，搭接长度不小于规定值。4.2.3用Ⅰ级钢筋制作的箍筋，其数量应符合设计要求，弯钩角度和平直长度应符合施工规范的规定。4.2.4对焊接头无横向裂纹和烧伤，焊包均匀。接头处弯折不得大于4°，接头处钢筋轴线的偏移不得大于0.1d，且不大于2mm。4.2.5电弧焊接头焊缝表面平整，无凹陷、焊瘤，接头处无裂纹、气孔、灰渣及咬边。接头尺寸允许偏差不得超过以下规定：4.2.5.1绑条沿接头中心的纵向位移不大于0.5d，接头处弯折不大于4°。4.2.5.2接头处钢筋轴线的偏移不大于0.1d，且不大于3mm。4.2.5.3焊缝厚度不小于0.05d。4.2.5.4焊缝宽度不小于0.1d。4.2.5.5焊缝长度不小于0.5d。4.2.5.6接头处弯折不大于4°。4.3允许偏差项目，见表4-6。钢筋安装及预埋件位置的允许偏差值表4-6项次项目允许偏差（mm）检验方法1网眼尺寸焊接±10尺量连续三档，取其最大值绑扎±202骨架宽、高度 ±5尺量检查3骨架长度 ±104箍筋、构造筋间距焊接±10尺量连续三档，取其最大值绑扎±20andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标5受力钢筋间距±10尺量两端、中间各一点，取其最大值排距±5各一点取其最大值6钢筋弯起点位移 20 7焊接预埋件中心线位移5尺量检查水平高差+3-08受力钢筋保护层基础±10尺量检查梁、柱±5墙、板±3 5成品保护5.1成型钢筋应按指定地点堆放，用垫木垫放整齐，防止钢筋变形、锈蚀、油污。5.2绑扎墙筋时应搭临时架子，不准蹬踩钢筋。5.3妥善保护基础四周外露的防水层，以免被钢筋碰破。5.4底板上、下层钢筋绑扎时，支撑马凳要绑牢固，防止操作时踩变形。5.5严禁随意割断钢筋。6应注意的质量问题6.1墙、柱预埋钢筋位移：墙、柱主筋的插筋与底板上、下筋要固定绑扎牢固，确保位置准确。必要时可附加钢筋电焊焊牢。混凝土浇筑前应有专人检查修整。6.2露筋：墙、柱钢筋每隔1m左右加绑带铁丝的水泥砂浆垫块（或塑料卡）。6.3andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标搭接长度不够：绑扎时应对每个接头进行尺量，检查搭接长度是否符合设计和规范要求。6.4钢筋接头位置错误：梁、柱、墙钢筋接头较多时，翻样配料加工时，应根据图纸预先画出施工翻样图，注明各号钢筋搭配顺序，并避开受力钢筋的最大弯矩处。6.5绑扎接头与对焊接头未错开：经过焊加工的钢筋，在现场进行绑扎时，对焊接头要错开搭接位置。因此加工下料时，凡距钢筋端头搭接长度范围以内不得有对焊接头。7质量记录本工艺标准应具备以下质量记录：7.1钢筋出厂质量证明书或检验报告单。7.2钢筋力学性能复试报告。7.3进口钢筋应有化学成分检验报告和可焊性试验报告。国产钢筋在加工过程中发生脆断、焊接性能不良和力学性能显著不正常时，应有化学成分检验报告。7.4钢筋焊接接头试验报告。7.5焊条、焊剂出厂合格证。7.6钢筋分项工程质量检验评定资料。7.7钢筋分项隐蔽工程验收记录。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标第八章工程技术管理措施8.1图纸审查制度开工前，项目技术负责人组织有关施工人员熟悉图纸，会同建设单位、监理单位和设计单位进行图纸会审，并做好记录，发放到施工单位。施工过程中，，发现图纸与实际情况有矛盾时，应通知设计单位解决。项目负责人根据公司《技术文件的控制办法》将图纸会审、设计变更等内容标注在施工图上，避免返工。8.2技术交底制度为了使参加施工的管理人员及操作人员对工程及技术要求做到心中有数，在工程施工前，按《质量手册及程序文件》要求做到逐级技术交底，以便科学地组织和按规定的程序及工艺进行操作，进而确保工程质量、工期、成本等管理目标的实现。1）技术交底的主要内容：a、工程概况、工程特点、施工特点、进度计划及工期要求；andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标a、工艺程序、工序穿插配合安排；b、主要的施工方法及技术要求、施工中应注意的关键问题；c、器械设备及加工件的供应情况及其有关要求；d、执行的技术规程、规范以及质量检验标准；e、保证质量及施工安全的措施要求等。2）技术交底：（1）在开工前由项目部技术负责人向参加施工的全体人员进行技术交底。技术交底后，承担任务的有关班组长应在技术交底记录中签字认中并持有副本。（2）施工前班组长应对操作者进行技术交底，但必须注意：a、要结合具体操作内容，提出具体要求和质量标准，对于关键内容或首次推行新技术的内容，应详尽交待清楚，必要时应作文字交底或示范操作。b、技术交底的，如果修改设计或施工方法变更，则应重新进行交底。（3）技术交底的责任：技术交底工作是质量保证的重要环节，负责交底的人员和执行人员必须认真履行职责，对在技术交底中因技术交底不清或交底差错而造成质量问题的，视情节轻重，必须追究其责任。A项目部负责交底的人员，不认真履行本职工作而造成质量问题的，轻则扣发工资、奖金，重则撤职，不再上岗工作，造成重大质量事故的则追究其刑事责任。Bandmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标、操作班组及操作工人不按技术交底要求施工而造成质量问题的，轻则负责返工、返修并赔偿工料，重则清理出施工现场，不再上岗，造成重大质量事故的则追究其刑事责任。8.3材料检验制度（1）负责进货检验责任人员应出具《检验结果通知》表明检验结果等，内容应包括产品名称、型号、规格、数量、生产单位、生产日期、验证结果和结论、日期、检验员签字。（2）项目经理在收货后交材料员验证，验证完毕后，填写《验证结果通知单》，通知单一式二份，一份自身保存归档，一份交仓库保管员作为验收和接收的凭据。（3）根据公司《试验控制程度》及进做好材料二次试验。（4）根据市质监督站洪建质发（2000）第15号文件做好材料见证取样送检的工作。8.4工程质量检查和验收制度：工程项目的每一道工序完工后，首先，由施工班组长组织操作人员进行自检，有不符合施工规范或设计要求的立即改正，合格后，提交项目部，由项目负责人组织技术负责人、施工员、质检员、施工班组长进行专检，若有不符合要求的立即整改，直至合格后，方可进入下道工序。8.5工程技术档案制度andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标资料员应按照本公司《单位工程技术资料内容及要求》及时做好各种资料整理工作，对本项目经理部在生产、经营活动中形成的有价值的各种文件和资料，做好收、发、保管、利用等工作，并做到到资料档案完整，正确反映本工程实际，工程完工时能及时提供有关竣工资料，办理工程移交及验评手续。8.6质量责任制（1）项目经理质量责任制1）项目经理是企业基层施工项目质量保证工作的全面领导者和组织者，对本项项目工程质量负全面责任。2）贯彻执行上级颁发的质量管理政策、规定、规范制度和标准要求。3）对职工进行结合实际的质量教育。4）正确处理质量与施工进度（工作量）的关系，工程质量与成本的关系，协调好主要工程和辅助工程的关系，总承包和分承包的关系。严格要求职工按操作规程和技术规范（措施）施工。对本项目因抢进度等而造成的质量事故应负领导责任。5）及时组织有关人员分析处理质量问题和纠正不良倾向，有权制止一切违章施工行为。支持质检人员的工作，虚心听取质检人员的意见，对因不尊重质检人员的意见而野蛮施工造成的问题，负全部责任。6）组织或参观学习应用先进施工技术和方法，不断改进施工工艺，促进工程创优。7）组织或参加本工程项目质量事故分析，批准项目施工员、质检员提出的处理意见。（2）施工员质量责任制1）项目施工员对工程质量负技术上的责任。2）要将上级质量管理的有关规定、技术规程、技术质量标准和设计图纸的要求，变成施工技术方案、技术交底中的具体措施，并加以认真贯彻执行。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标3）负责贯彻质量保证手册中与本项目施工内容有关的具体规定，有权对管辖范围内的质量控制措施作出相应的决定。对工程施工进行跟踪检查，重要部位实行旁站监控。4）对本项目的质量问题或工序中失控环节及时组织有关人员分析判断，提出解决办法和措施，使工序施工质量保持稳定。5）有权制止不按技术措施要求和技术操作规程施工的不良行为，必要时应立即制止其继续施工。已造成问题的应及时向项目经理反映，提出返工意见。6）检查本项目内的质量自检进行情况以及自检记录的正确性及准确性。7）负责推广应用科技新成果，制定降低工程成本措施以及负责收集保管有关工程技术，工程质量的资料、数据。8）掌握本项目的质量情况，对质量问题和质量事故，应在上级检查处理前，提出详细情况及原因初步分析意见。9）组织本项目工程的质量验评，参加公司组织的单位工程质量廉政定，及时上级竣工工程验评的所有技术（质量）资料。10）协助质量检查员开展质量检查工作。11）指导QC小组活动，正确运用统计分析工具，审查QC小组活动成果报告。（3）专职质检员质量责任制1）专职质检员是严把质量关，对工程质量实行全面监督检查，对管辖范围的质量监督检查工作负全面责任。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标2）严把材料检查关，工序交接关，重要工种考试资格审查关，交工验收检查关。对上述工作的技术人员所做的技术施工记录进行审查并签字确认。对上述工作的内容凡因不负责任而漏检，误判或明知不符合要求而放行通过或因此造成事故者，均系失职行为，应追究其监督检查的责任。3）发现施工中违反操作规程、技术措施、设计图纸等要求时，应坚持原则，立即提出，可分别决定返修或停工，并及时通知项目部技术人员及项目经理，严重的还应及时上报公司质检科。4）收集、整理施工过程的检查记录，按规定向质检科及时、准确如实填报各种质量报表，参加负责所管辖范围内的工程质量动态分析和事故调查与分析。（4）材料员质量责任制1）材料员应明确采购对象的质量、品种、规格及在采购运输过程中保证质量要求，对本岗所采材料的质量负全面责任。2）应负责按项目进度计划编制，申请材料分阶段用计划，负责落实材料半成品的外加工定货的质量和供应时间。3）负责依据上级材料管理规定拟定现场材料使用细则，尽量合理利用资金，降低库存和无形损耗，负责按施工进度部位确定材料领用额。4）应按现场材料计量要求，对进场材料的规格、质量、数量进行把关验收，负责监督、检查工程部位的材料耗用情况，负责制定降低材料成本措施并贯彻执行，负责及时索取各种材料（器材）产品质保书和使用说明书。5）对现场材料台帐应做到齐全，进料有凭证，发料有依据，帐实相符，帐帐相符。6）工程竣工后应及时做出现场材料成本分析，对超耗及节约材料的部位应重点总结并提交给项目经理。（5）施工班（组）长质量责任制andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标1）施工班（组）长是具体施工操作的组织者，是把设计意图的技术措施要求变成现实的直接指挥者，对本班（组）的施工质量负直接责任。2）认真执行上级各项质量管理规定，技术操作规程和技术措施的要求，严格按图纸施工，切实保证本工序的施工质量。3）组织本班（组）的质量自检，并认真做好检查记录，施工记录和必要的标记工作，施工质量不合格，不得向下道工序移交，否则追究班（组）长的责任。4）接受技术人员、质检人员对本班（组）施工过程的监督、检查，并为他们提供必要条件和技术质量数据。5）发现投入施工的材料有异，必须向上级反映，拒绝使用质量不合格的材料，避免因材料问题造成质量事故的发生。6）对出现质量问题或事故，应本实事求是的精神，提供真实情况和数据，以利事故的分析处理，隐瞒或谎报均应追究班（组）长的责任。第九章施工质量目标及保证措施该工程质量目标为市级优良，为实现这一目标，必须针对本工程进行分析，制定相应措施来得以保证。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标9.1质量保证体系:GB/T19001-2000idtISO9001:20009.2项目经理部质量体系组织措施本工程成立的项目部要严格按公司的质量体系操作和运行的，项目部必须认真贯彻公司的质量体系文件，包括《质量手册》、《程序文件》及作业指导书和质量记录等方面内容，使工程质量始终处于受控状态，确保公司“精心施工、不断创新、优质服务、顾客至上”质量方针的贯彻执行和质量目标的完成。9.2.1质量保证体系的质量监督9.2.1.1由项目部编制项目质量计划并报请公司职能科室进行审核，批准后方可执行；9.2.1.2公司质检科每周检查一次，检查、督促项目部正确实施项目质量计划与施工组织设计，并协助项目经理部组织原材料、设备、半成品、成品的检查、验收。9.2.1.3作业现场设专职质检员，负责施工中质量的控制及检查，对违反操作规程和有损工程质量的行为有质量否决权；9.2.1.4公司施工按施工进度对施工技术（质量）资料进行审核、收集工作，协助质检科和项目部进行不合格的控制。9.2.1.5对关键性的工序，重点控制上道工序的产品及本序完工的产品，由相应专业技术人员组织质检员、作业班组负责人参加，必要时邀请建设单位人员和监理工程师参加，填写工程验收记录，参加人员签字认可。9.3工程质量信息、资料管理9.3.1项目部设专职资料员收集工程质量资料。9.3.2andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标由生产技术部门收集各种质量信息，进行统计分析，并及时反馈至项目部以对质量控制作出调整或加强。9.3.3公司及项目部定期开展质量教育。9.3.4质量保证体系的评审。公司内部将定期对项目部的质量体系运行情况进行审核，对各职能部门和质量岗位进行检查，按体系要求、质量手册要求对工程施工质量进行评价，并提请建设单位人员检查和评审。9.4材料的质量控制措施。9.4.1材料采购、材料的采购要根据合同、设计规定的要求及材料质量、价格、供货能力选择合格的供货厂家，采购前提供样品给总承包单位认可后方可进行订货。9.4.2材料进场严把所有材料的进场控制和材料检验关，各种材料必须要有出厂合格证和材质化验单才允许进场使用。9.4.3材料的二次检验钢板、钢筋、水泥、砾石等材料在进场后还要取样进行二次检验，对不合格的材料一律退货。材料取样时必须要有甲方单位人员进行见证并签字，材料经检验合格后才可使用，不合格的材料必须立即退场。9.5工序质量控制措施和自检、自控措施。9.5.1明确质量目标，把施工全过程的工作细致分解，落实质量责任使每位职工心中都清楚自己的质量职责，出现问题该如何处理，使整个单位工程建立一个严密的质量控制体系，一旦发生质量波动和变化，便可查责任，并及时得到解决。落实质量责任时，通过总结正反两方面的经验和教训，更有效地进行动态管理和控制，进一步提高工程质量。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标为保证创优顺利进行，项目经理与有关人员签订责任制，优质优价，奖罚分明，确保总目标实现，同时加强检查工作力度，发现问题坚持“四不放过”，即“原因找不出不放过，责任查不清不放过，纠正措施不落实不放过，纠正措施效果不验证不放过”。具体工序质量控制措施如下：（1）工程使用的检测工具必须具有资质的检测单位测定，合格后方可在工中程施工中使用。（2）加强原材料、半成品、成品检查验收，钢板、钢筋、焊条、油漆、水泥等材料不但要有合格证，而且要经复试合格后方能用于工程。（3）制定关键工序质量控制点和特殊过程控制方案，严格工序管理，并做为质量记录。（4）严格执行工序交接制度，上道工序的半成品未经验收不得流入下道工序。（5）认真填写自、专检记录，确保其真实、及时、准确、规范。（6）加强现场质量巡检力度，发现质量问题，及时制止，查明原因，制定整改措施，复检达到质量要求后，方可进行下道工序。（7）加强砼试块的管理，按规范规定及时制定，取样试验，其有关资料应收集完整、准确、及时。（8）加强对钢结构件的检查计划和措施落实。质量员和材料员应对钢构件按规定进行复检和试验，检测结果符合要求的方可使用。（9）隐蔽工程在工序隐蔽前，需报请监理单位和业主方、设计单位检验，合格后方可隐蔽，进入下道工序施工。9.5.2自控措施andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（1）自检：施工过程中要求班组工人操作要认真，随时进行自检，每日完工后按质量标准和设计要求，班组内进行自检。（2）互检：上下工序交接时，施工员及质检员组织各班组长进行互检与交接检工作，对上一班或上一工序的质量，按标准和设计要求进行全面检查，作好工序交接工作。（3）专检：专职质检员严格按质量检验规定进行检验，并作好记录。（4）隐检：砼柱的钢筋绑扎后，应进行隐蔽工程验收检查，办理隐检签证手续后方可进入下一工序。9.6工程质量回访及保修建立服务联络渠道及时将业主要求服务的信息反馈到公司，无论业主是否要求服务都应完善回访制度，定期回访以了解业主的期望和提供服务，并填写回访表。按法律、行政法规或国家关于工程质量保修的有关规定，对交付总承包方/业主使用的工程在质量保修期内承担质量保修责任。缺陷责任期为自完工日期起至交工日期止，此期限不少于12个月，但不超过24个月。第十章文明施工和安全生产防护措施10.1安全生产措施安全方针：安全第一，预防为主。安全目标：在整个施工过程中杜绝死亡、重伤事故，月轻伤事故率控制在1.5‰以内,严格达到“三无标准”，即无伤亡、无重伤、无火灾。10.2安全管理体系（参见附表）（1）安全员负责具体监控工作的实施，每日定时和不定时进行巡查，发现有不符合要求的隐患，有权向生产指挥人员提出整改建议和下达整改通知单，安全员有权停止作业，并立即向领导反映。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（1）安全员及安全管理人员须佩带标志和持证上岗，并做好巡查监控和隐患整改记录。（2）发生伤亡事故应按规定的报告方式和时限向上一级安全管理部门报告，并采取有效的措施保护事故现场。10.3安全管理制度安委会针对本工程施工特点，特制定如下安全制度：a、安全施工责任制度b、安全施工例会制度c、安全施工教育制度d、安全施工检查制度e、安全施工奖罚制度f、特殊作业安全管理制度g、防火安全管理制度10.4安全施工检查（1）建立二级安全检查制度（2）每周一次安全检查活动日，项目部每两周检查一次，参加人员为各分公司的施工安全负责人和安全员。（3）各班组每周检查一次（项目部组织的除外），参加人员为各分公司（厂）安全负责人和安全员。（4）项目部组织的安全检查使用《建筑施工安全检查评分表》进行计分和评价，低于80分或接到整改通知单位后未能及时采取措施的要进行通报批评，并处于必要的罚款。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（1）检查出的隐患要下达整改通知单，接到整改通知单的施工负责人应按“三定”（定人员、定措施、定期限）原则进行整改，并及时报送“整改完成反馈报告单”请求复查销案。（2）各级安全员每天必须作巡回安全检查或有针对的重点检查，并作好检查记录。10.5安全技术措施10.5.1安全技术法规《建筑施工安全检查评分表》JGJ59-99《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》JGJ46-88《施工现场安全生产保证体系》DBJ08-903-98《建筑机械使用安全技术规程》JBJ33-86《安全标志》GB2894-88《江西省建筑施工安全管理、文明施工实施细则》10.5.2施工现场安全防护进入施工现场的所有人员均应佩戴好安全帽,特种工作业人员应持证上岗，并佩带相应的劳动保护用品。高空作业必须戴安全带，布设安全绳和安全爬梯，特殊情况则必须布设安全网，阴雨天气施工必须采取防滑措施。10.5.3安全用电及防火、防爆措施（1）施工现场设置专用配电盘，实行“三项四线制”，开关采用空气开关，充分考虑用电容量，做到一机一开关。（2）钢筋加工机械、砂浆拌和机等必须有防雨棚和接地装置。（3）电焊机必须一机一开关，并装有随机开关。电源接头有防护装置。（4）乙炔器、氧气瓶的安全阀装设可靠。压力表准确灵敏。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（1）乙炔器、氧气瓶间距应大于5m，与明火间距大于10m。（2）木工机械必须有可靠保护罩，附近必须设有消防器材。（3）油漆房、木工房和氧气、乙炔房严禁吸烟、动火，设置消防器材。10.5.4机械使用安全措施各种电器设备，按有关规定做好一机一闸一保护，各类施工电机必须有接地接零保护措施。对所有机械设备接规定进行点检，加强维护措施。搅拌机搭防砸、防雨、防尘操作棚，使用前固定牢固，移动时先切断电源，启动装置、离合器、制动器、保险链（钩）、防护罩齐全完好，使用安全可靠，搅拌机停止使用时，料斗升起时，挂好料斗保险链（钩），维修、保养清理切断电源，均设专人监护。钢丝绳根据用途保证足够的安全系数，凡表面磨损、腐蚀、断丝超过标准的、断股、油芯外露不得使用，要有防止脱钩的保险装置，卡环在使用时应使销轴和环底受力，吊运时用卡环。10.6防火安全措施施工现场必须配备足够的防火、灭火设施和器材，木工棚及堆放易燃、易爆物处，应张贴醒目的防火标志和配置相应种类、数量的消防器材。10.7安全施工教育（1）特种作业持证上岗制度a、特种作业人员必须持有效上岗证。b、建立特种作业管理登记册，并附有证件复印件。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（2）各分公司制定本公司年度安全教育培训计划，按国家要求进行三级教育，并填写三级教育卡存档。（3）对外协作队伍由施工负责人组织安全教育，考核合格后方可进场作业，并填写安全教育登记表存档。（4）班前安全活动各分公司建立班组的班前安全活动制度，每天班前会,班长组织进行“三上岗”活动：上岗交底：讲明作业任务、部位必须注意的安全事宜，传达安全技术交底的要求。上岗检查：检查作业人员的安全防护用品是否齐全有效；检查作业部位的防护设施状况，发现隐患应及时整改，无法整改的应立即向工地负责人反映，在隐患未消除之前，必须采取可靠的防护措施；有危及人身安全的紧急险情，应立即停止作业。上岗记录：将上述两项活动作好记录。安全教育制度：安委会针对本工程特点，制定针对性强，内容细致的检查制度。组织有关人员定期对中小型机具、现场用电、防火设施、劳保用品穿戴等方面进行检查，发现问题，立即整改、并举一反三，切实保证安全措施。10.8文明施工10.8.1文明施工组织管理体系施工现场文明施工的好坏，是企业施工管理的重要标志。本工程项目部特成立文明施工管委会，由项目副经理负责制定文明施工制度，并制定奖罚制度，定期进行检查，奖优罚劣，共同将文明施工管理好。10.8.2文明施工管理10.8.2.1材料堆放管理andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标（1）进场所有材料必须按规划位置指定堆放。（2）所有材料必须堆放整齐。周转材料按规格、长度、材质等整齐堆放。木材必须有防雨水、防日晒措施。其它材料也必须按规划统一堆放。（3）所有材料必须按名称、规格、材质、状态等标识清楚。材料必须标识待检状态、送检状态、合格状态、不合格状态及隔离状态。10.8.2.2场内卫生管理：（1）生产作业区推行标准化作业，现场保持道路畅通，机具摆放有序，安全防护设施完善，工业垃圾不得乱堆乱放，做到工完料尽。(2)作业区内和安全通道每天有专人打扫，打扫前洒水一次；场内设若干处生活垃圾箱，每天由专人将生活垃圾集中倒入统一垃圾箱，再运出场外，垃圾箱周围设灭蚊罩。（3）建立定期检查、评比制度，把文明施工作为考核班组的考核指标之一，与班组收入挂钩。10.8.2.3机械管理作业区内所有机械设备必须指定堆放，并设安全防护装置，配置专人进行维修；所有机械设备必须标识名称、规格、编号及运作状态清晰示人。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标第十一章施工合理化建议和降低成本措施11.1施工合理化建议；11.1.1本工程是桩基础、独立基础门试钢架结构，占地面积较大，柱网均匀，根据总体施工计划安排可把拟建的建筑物划分为二个施工段，实行流水作业。11.1.2桩基础成孔建议支护壁模板附加钢筋：为防止桩孔壁坍方，确保安全施工，成孔应设置井圈。11.1.3根据现场情况搭设预拼装平台，对进场钢构件进行1：1拼装，可以提高施工进度及构件质量。11.1.4钢架在吊装前在地面上绑扎脚手架，方便调整及减少钢管用量。11.1.5施工现场劳动力进场严格按照施工进度和分部分项施工顺序进场，尽量避开用工、用水、用电高峰，降低消耗。11.2.降低成本措施；11.2.1施工项目成本控制责任制；项目经理：项目成本控制的责任中心，全面负责项目成本控制工作；负责成本预测、决算工作，主持制订、审核项目目标成本、成本计划和降低成本技术组织措施计划；建立项目成本控制责任体系，与各职能人员、班组签订成本承包责任状，并监督执行情况。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标计划人员：预测项目成本，编制项目成本计划；会同财会部门进行成本计划的综合平衡。预算人员：编制施工图预算、施工预算、提供各单位工程、分部分项工程、各成本项目的预算成本资料；监督对外经济合同履行情况，收集工程变更资料，搞好索赔工作，及时办理增减帐，保证工程收入；负责外包工作和对外结算工作，控制费用支出。工程技术部门：在审查各级部门所提技术组织措施的基础上，汇总编制项目的技术组织措施计划；提出有效的技术节约、降低成本措施，负责落实，提供技术节约报表；选定经济合理的施工组织设计；合理规划施工现场布置，减少二次搬运、运输费等支出；保证工程质量，降低质量成本，避免返工损失；严格施工安全控制，确保安全生产，减少事故损失。材料人员：编制降低材料成本措施计划；控制材料采购成本，合理安排储备，降低材料管理损耗，减少资金占用；严格执行进料验收、限额发料、周转材料回收利用制度；负责材料台帐记录，提供材料耗用报表，考核材料实际消耗。11.2.2结合本工程的特点以及我单位的施工管理综合能力，对降低工程成本，主要采取以下措施：（1）在确保工程按时保质顺利竣工的前提下，对建设单位体现合理优惠，公司将在施工管理费及计划利润中让出部分利润，作为降低建设方工程成本的主要措施之一。（2）本公司技术力量雄厚，设备及人力资源丰富。根据施工组织设计，正确选配和合理使用机械设备，充分使用现有闲置设备，搞好机械设备保养维修，提高其完好率、利用率和使用效率，降低机械使用费用。（3）andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标积极推广新技术、新工艺、新产品、新材料、新机械设备等技术革新措施，提高科技生产力。（1）工程所需的主辅材料采购，严格实行比价采购，有条件的实行招标采购，尽量降低采购成本。（2）严格执行材料消耗定额，加强施工管理，以限额领料和任务单制度为主要手段，减少工料损耗，贯彻节约有奖，浪费罚款的原则。（3）加强现场平面管理，材料、构件进场后按现场平面布置图合理堆放，尽量减少二次搬造成的耗工耗时材料、构件的损耗。（4）抓好材料装卸、运输管理、收发、保管等工作，提高装卸、运输质量，减少各环节损耗，节约材料采购费用、库存费用，降低材料损耗。（5）模板、钢板、钢筋加工集中合理配料，按放样单进行切割放样，作到长短搭配，充分提高材料利用率。（6）成立技术攻关小组，针对各工序的特殊施工工艺进行攻关。对施工人员加强技术培训，各工序施工前做好各工程的技术交底工作，提高工人文化素质和技术操作水平，加强劳动纪律，提高劳动效率，确保工程按质如期进行。（7）加强现场产品的保护工作，尽量减少材料损耗和修补工作。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标第十二章工程质量通病防治措施12．1质量通病防治机构及组织措施12．1．1成立由公司负责生产的付总经理为首的质量通病防治小组，由公司施工科、质检科、试验室主要技术人员及项目部施工管理人员担任组员，对工程中可能出现质量通病的工序进行管理和控制。质量通病防治小组小组职务姓名职务组长付组长组员（1）提高由施工管理人员及各施工班组工人的质量通病防治意识，加强工人的技术培训工作，并建立相应的质量责任制。12.2常见工程质量通病原因分析及防治措施常见工程质量通病特征、原因及防治措施、工艺见下表andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标附表钢结构质量通病原因分析及防治措施序号质量通病部位及特征原因分析消除质量通病措施及施工工艺1构件变形装配质量较差,装配得不直,对接焊缝高、缝大；装配点焊少。1）板料下料尺寸要正确、平直，装配时严禁强制装配；2）装配焊缝大要及时修理，保证焊缝符合标准；3）装配点焊时，要按规定点焊，保证焊接时点焊缝不会开裂。焊接次序不当或焊接电流过大1）焊接时应严格按照焊接工艺进行，先小件组焊，再总装配焊接；2）工字梁采用对称焊，并一次性焊完。3）调整焊接电流，确保焊接电流在规范之内。2焊缝形状翹曲或尺寸超差1）焊接顺序不正确；2）焊前准备不当，坡口、间隙过大或过小；3）焊接机具不良。1）选择正确的焊接顺序；2）按规定开尺寸、坡口；3）选择好的焊接机具。31）焊接工艺参数选择不当，电流过大，电弧过长；1）按规定选择焊接电流；2）加强对焊工的操作培训；3）杜绝使用劣质焊条。andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标焊缝胶边1）操作技术不当，电弧编吹。4气孔1）焊件或焊条有油污、锈及其它氧化物；2）电流过小，电弧过长，焊接速度太快。1）确保焊件和焊条无油污、锈及其它氧化物；2）选择正确的焊接工艺参数。5夹渣1）焊接材料质量不好；2）焊接电流过小，弧长过长，焊接速度过快；3）多层焊时，渣未清干净。1）检验焊接材料，不使用质量不好的焊接材料；2）选择正确的焊接工艺参数；3）焊缝清除干净。6未焊透焊接电流太小，速度太快，坡口间隙过小，操作技术欠佳选择正确焊接工艺参数，保证坡口尺寸，对焊工进行培训。7弧坑操作时熄弧较快，未反复向熄弧处补充金属。熄弧时反复向熄弧处反复填充金属。第十三章工程竣工验收及移交andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标施工项目竣工验收的依据主要有：施工图纸和说明书、设备技术说明书；招投标文件、工程合同；图纸会审记录、设计修改签证和技术核定单；现行的施工技术验收标准及规范、质量检验评定标准；有关施工记录和构件、材料合格证明文件；引进技术或进口成套设备的项目还应按照签订的合同和国外提供的设计文件等资料进行验收。竣工验收及交工工作的主要内容工作阶段工作内容竣工准备施工单位：准备竣工验收资料。整理自项目开工以来积累、保管的资料、编目、建档，要求准确完整，作为竣工验收的依据，完成收尾工作。基层施工队，按正式验收标准自检，达到验收标准；拆除暂设，清理现场。自验：项目经理组织生产、技术、质量、合同、预算、施工等人员自验，发现问题及时整改。预验：公司一级组织预验。解决全部遗留问题向建设单位（监理）提交（竣工验收申请报告）初验建设单位：审查（竣工验收申请报告）（监理工程师）组织有关单位初验，发现问题，通知施工单位限期修理返工向有关单位发出（竣工验收通知单）正式验收验收委员会（小组）负责竣工验收工作验收委员会按竣工验收标准实地逐项检查现场验收会议：施工单位介绍施工及预验情况，出示竣工资料；监理工程师通报工程情况，发表竣工验收意见；建设单位提出现场检查出现问题，限期处理意见；验收委员会们讨论；监理工程师宣布竣工验收结果；质检管理部门宣布竣工质量等级andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91 技术标建设单位、监理单位，三方在（竣工验收签证书）上签字施工单位向建设单位发送（建筑安装工程保修书单）工程竣工交接按不同投资渠道（国家、企业、个人）移交竣工项目所有权在监理工程师协助下，由承建单位（或投资者）办理移交手续。施工单位向建设单位逐项办理工程移交手续和其他固定资产移交手续，并移交工程技术档案资料施工单位编制项目竣工结算书，并经监理工程师审核签字、生效，至此，除保修工作外，施工单位与建设单位双方的经济关系，和法律责任予以解除监理工程师在项目竣工结算基础上，为建设单位编制竣工决算书，上报主管部门，经银行审查签认、予以核销，至此工程项目全部建设过程即告终结南昌冶金建设有限责任公司2005年6月6日andmasonryonthecorneroffice,inprinciple.Staggered,two-storeybrickverticalseamson25mm.Halfabrickusedseparately.(3)infrontofthewall,firstinstallcounting,countingpolesmarkthebrickthicknessofmortarjointthickness,doorandwindowelements,suchasdeepposition,countingpolesstandonthecorner.Statelevelwhencopyingflat,floorelevationsinleatherbardesignelevationposition.(4)whenbricksfirstalignment,masonrybricksaccordingtoguidelines.Apartfromhalfabrickwall,anddouble,tobettercontrolthewallflatness.(5)whenbuilt,the"31"masonrymethod,thatis,"anashshovel,brick,kneadandknead"methodofoperation.Verticalrollmethodisused.Verticalseamsofthemortarasfullaspossible,ventilationarenotallowed.Brickwallsofhorizontalmortarjointthicknessandverticalmortarjointwidthcontrolinthe8~12mmrange.Horizontalmortarjointmortarfullsizemustbegreaterthan80%.(6)fromcornerorpositioningatbegan,bothinsideandoutsidewallwhilemasonry,aspectwallstaggeredtakereceived;outsidewallcorneratisstrictlyprohibitedleftstraightrub,shouldbefromtwoaaspectswhilemasonry;wallbodytemporarycontinuousatshouldmasonryintoobliqueCha,obliqueChalengthnotshouldislessthanheightof2/3(Generalbyastepscaffoldingheightcontrol);asleftobliqueChahasdifficult,exceptwallcorneratandtheseismicfortificationarea,wallbodytemporarycontinuousatnotshouldleftstraightChaoutside,canfromwallsurfaceout200mmmasonryintoyinandYangCha,andalongwallhigheachthreeskinblock(600mm),Atiebarorsteelmesh.Chasiteshouldbedeferredtothejambs.(7)thebrickwallsandcolumnsper50cmsettingφ6thruwallshouldertiebar,halfbrickwallsmustbesetone,andatleastnotlessthan2,extendingintothebrickwallnotlessthan1M.(8)topsurfaceofcontactwiththeupperbeamoftheframefill,usingbrickskewtunneljam.(9)thewidthislessthan1Mwindowwall,usewholebricks.(10)reserveconstructionofholeinthewallwidthislessthan1M,andalongtheheightφ6@500allow2tiebar.8.6measures(1)strictlyaccordingtothenational,industry...Pressurepipeandthemetalstructureinstallation9.1mainengineering91
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