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1、钱清中学高一英语寒假作业（一）第一部分阅读理解第一节AEtymology,thestudyofwordsandwordroots,maysoundlikethekindofthingdonebyboringlibrariansinsmall,dustyrooms.Yetetymologistsactuallyhaveauniquelyinterestingjob.Theyareinmanywaysjustlikearchaeologists(考古学家)diggingupthephysicalhistoryofpeopleandevents.Thespecialaspectofetymo
2、logyisthatitdigsuphistory,sotospeak,throughthewordsandphrasesthatareleftbehind.TheEnglishlanguage,inparticular,isagreatfieldtoexplorehistorythroughwords.Asalanguage,Englishhasanextraordinarynumberofwords.Thisispartlyduetoitsabilitytoadaptforeignwordssoreadily.Forexample,“English”wordssuchaskinde
3、rgarten(fromGerman),croissant(fromFrench),andcheetah(fromHindi)havebecomepartofthelanguagewithlittleornochangefromtheiroriginalsoundsandspellings.SoEnglish-languageetymologistshaveavastworldofwordstoexplore.[来源:Z_xx_k.Com]Anotherenjoyablethingaboutetymologyformostwordexpertsissolvingwordmysterie
4、s(谜).No,etymologistsdonotgoaroundsolvingmurders,likethegreatdetectiveSherlockHolmes.Whatthesewordexpertssolvearemysteriousoriginsofsomeofourmostcommonwords.OneofthebiggestquestionsEnglishlanguageexpertshavepursuedishowEnglishcametohavethephraseOK.Thoughitisoneofthemostcommonlyusedexpressions,its
5、exactbeginningisapuzzleeventothisday.Evenitsspellingisnotentirelyconsistent--unlessyouspellitOkay,itishardeventocallitaword.EtymologistshavebeenabletonarrowOK’sorigindowntoalikely,althoughnotcertain,source(来源).ItbecamewidelyusedaroundthetimeofMartinVanBuren’srunforpresidentin1840.HisnicknamewasO
6、ldKinderhook.WhattroubleswordexpertsaboutthisexplanationisthatthephraseappearedinsomenewspapersbeforeVanBurenbecamewellknown.ItislikelythatVanBurencouldbecalleditsprimarysource.Etymologistswilldoubtlesslykeepsearchingfortheoriginalsource.However,itisclearthatOK’spopularityandreputationhavetopped
7、thoseoftheAmericanpresidenttowhomithasbeenmostclearlylinked.1.Theauthormentionsthewordslike“croissant”inParagraph2toshow_______.A.wordshavechangedalotinthetwolanguagesB.whatEnglish-languageetymologistsareexploringnowC.Englis
