园艺专业英语课文

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1、园艺专业英语Lesson1TheHistoryandtheDevelopmentofProtectedCultivationSelectedandrewrittenfrom“TheHistoryandGeographyoftheGreenhouse”，byH．ZviEnochandYaelnEnoch，inGreenhouseEcosystems20，echtedbyG．StanhillandH．ZviEnoch，aseriesbookofEcosystemsoftheWorld(LiYaling，Shan

2、xiAgriculturalUniversity)Thislessonbrieflydescribesthedevelopmentofthegreenhousefromantiquitytothepresentday．Itincludesadiscussionofprotectedcroppingincold-andhot-frames，glasscloches，lean-tohouses，wintergardens，orangeries，conservatoriesandglasshousesinthei

3、rvariedforms，andplastic-cladplantenclosuresofallsizesrangingfromlowtunnels，walk-intunnels，tolargeplastichouses．Forthepurposeofthislesson，thegreenhouseisdefinedasatransparentenclosuredesignedtogrowortemporarilyprotectplants．Thusthedefinitiondoesnotincludeen

4、closuresforgrowingmushroomsortissuecultures.Inantiquity，however，therewereprobablynogreenhousesinthesensedefinedhere，buttherewerevariouspracticesadoptedtoprovideout-of-seasonflowersandvegetables.Thecultivationofout-of-seasonplantswasintenselystudiedinancien

5、tAthensandRome．ThisCanbeseenforinstanceintheworkofTheophrastus[wholivedfrom372to287BCE(beforethecommonera)]．Hementionedmovingplantsintotheperistyle(verandahinaclosedcourtyardofaGreekhouse)atnightandheatingsoilbymixingitwithdecayingmanureorcompost.Growersin

6、China，Mesopotamia，Egypt，Israel，GreeceandRomegrewvaluableplantsinpotsandplacedthemindoorsatnightorduringcoldperiodstoprotectthem．Sometimes，plantsweregrownonwheelbarrdwsthatcouldeasilybebroughtintoagrotto，cellarorroomatnight．Chineseplantculturemayhaveinclude

7、dgreenhousesthat，accordingtotradition，gobacktoantiquity．AChinesegreenhouse(Fig．1-1inthetextbook)consistedofabrickwallorientedeast-west.Onitssouthernside,atransparentsurfaceconsistingofbamboostickscoveredwithoiledpaperwasplacedatanangle30。-40。tothehorizonta

8、l．Duringtheday，thebrickwallbecameheatedbythesunandatnightitreleaseditsheat．Inaddition，atnightthepaperwindowwascoveredbyrushmatswhichactedasthermalinsulation.Similarsimplegreenhousesareinusetoday，anditisclaime