资源描述:
《电动汽车电池技术的发展》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、论文题目:电动汽车电池技术的发展现状分析摘要当前研究开发的电动汽车动力电池种类较多。目前广泛使用的电动汽车电池主要有:铅酸电池、镍金属电池、锂离子电池等,正在开发研究的能量存储装置还有超级电容,以及发展远景更好的燃料电池和太阳能电池。铅酸电池技术成熟,质量重,不能快充深放,循环寿命短,不能满足高性能电动汽车的储能要求;锂离子电池能量高、重量轻、循环寿命长、但价格高;镍氢电池具有高比功率、电流充放电大、无污染、安全性能好等特点,目前广泛应用在混合动力汽车上;超级电容器充电速度快、大电流放电能力超强,功率密度高,但比能量极低等特点使得它不可能单独用
2、作电动汽车能量源,但作为辅助能量使用具有显著优点;燃料电池为零排放或近似零排放,它的能源来源丰富,能量转化率高,但研究成本投入大,开发周期长,目前尚处于产品研发阶段;太阳能电池是一种大有前途的新型电源,具有永久性、清洁性和灵活性三大优点,但效率很低而成本很高,目前与其它电池还不能形成竞争。本文从电动汽车的电池技术发展现状出发,比较了几种电池技术的发展优劣势,并详细介绍了几种电池技术的工作原理和特点,最后对电动汽车电池技术的发展趋势进行了展望。关键词:电动汽车,电池技术,发展AbstractThecurrentresearchanddevelop
3、mentoftheelectriccarpowerbatterysortismore.Atpresenttheextensiveuseofelectriccarbatteriesmainlyhas:leadacidbatteries,nickelmetalbattery,thelithiumionbattery,etc,areofresearchanddevelopmentandsupercapacitorenergystoragedevice,andthedevelopmentprospectisbetterfuelcellandsolarc
4、ell.Lead-acidbatterymaturetechnology,qualityheavy,notquickchargeanddeepput,shortlifecycle,andcan'tmeettherequirementsofhighperformanceelectriccarenergy;Thelithiumionbatteryenergy,lightweight,highcyclelonglife,butthepricehigh;Thenimhbatterieshavepowertochargeanddischargecurre
5、ntaspectratio,big,nopollution,safetyperformanceisgoodwaitforacharacteristic,anditisusedwidelyinhybridcars;Supercapacitorrechargespeed,highdischargecurrentabilitystrong,highpowerdensity,butisextremelylowenergycharacteristicsmakeitmaynotbeusedastheelectriccaraloneenergysource,
6、butasauxiliaryenergyusehasobviousadvantages;Fuelcellsforzeroemissionsorapproximatelyzeroemissions,itrichsourceofenergy,energyconversionrateishigh,butthecostinvestment,developmentcycleislong,isstillundertheproductresearchanddevelopmentstage;Thesolarcellisakindofapromisingnewp
7、ower,permanent,cleansexandflexibilitythreebigadvantage,butefficiencyisverylowandthecostishigh,atpresentandinotherbatteriesarestillcannotformthecompetition.Thisarticlefromtheelectriccarbatterytechnologydevelopmentpresentsituation,compareseveralbatterytechnologydevelopmentadva
8、ntagesanddisadvantages,andintroducesseveralbatterytechnologyoftheworkingpri