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1、英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（四）AimlessnesshashardlybeentypicalofthepostwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyaretheenvyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.ButincreasinglytheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditionalwork-moralvalues.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehard-workingandsawth
2、eirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknowwheretheyshouldgonext.Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarkethavelimitedtheopportunitiesofteen-agerswhoarealre
3、adyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedinclimbingJapan'srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5percentofJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2percentofstudentsintheUnitedStates.Inadditi
4、on,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheircounterpartsinthe10othercountriessurveyed.Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics,Japaneseeducationtendstostresstesttakingandmechanicallearningovercreativityandself-expr
5、ession.“Thosethingsthatdonotshowupinthetestscores—personality,ability,courageorhumanity―arecompletelyignored,”saysToshikiKaifu,chairmanoftherulingLiberalDemocraticParty'seducationcommittee.“Frustrationagainstthiskindofthingleadskidstodropoutandrunwild.”Lasty
6、earJapanexperienced2,125incidentsofschoolviolence,including929assaultsonteachers.Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasisonmoraleducation.LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhearguedthatlibera
7、lreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesafterWorldWarⅡhadweakenedthe“Japanesemoralityofrespectforparents.”ButthatmayhavemoretodowithJapaneselife-styles.“InJapan,”sayseducatorYokoMuro,“it'sneveraquestionofwhetheryouenjoyyourjobandyourlife,butonlyh
8、owmuchyoucanendure.”Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizensliveincitieswherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,twogeneratio
