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1、Unit2Consonants:StopsConsonantsChart双唇唇齿齿音齿龈音齿龈后硬腭软腭声门爆破清[p][t][k]浊[b][d][g]摩擦清[f][T][s][S][h]浊[v][D][z][Z]破擦清[tS]浊[dZ]鼻音[m][n][N]舌边/旁流[l]延续/半元音[w][r][j]1.Introduction---stopconsonantsInthisunit,wewilllearnthestopconsonantsinEnglish. Thestopconsonantsaremadebycomplet
2、elystoppingtheairflowatsomepointinthemouthandthen,formostproductions,releasingitintothesoundthatfollows.TherearesixstopsinEnglish:/p/and/b/areformedbythelips,/t/and/d/areformedonthegumridgebehindtheupperteeth,and/k/and/g/occuratthebackofthemouthwherethetonguemakesawe
3、alwiththesoftpalate./p/,/t/,/k/arevoicelessstopsastheyarenotaccompaniedbyvibrationfromthelarynx(喉),while/b/,/d/,/g/arethevoicedstops.ThesestopsareamongthemostfrequentsoundsinEnglishandhavefairlyconsistentspellings.Introduction爆破音是由在口腔中发音器官中的某部位对气流形成阻塞,气流从口腔中冲破阻碍爆破而成,
4、其特点是一发即止,不能拖音./p//b/双唇爆破音;(Bilabial)/t//d/舌尖齿龈音(Alveolar),发音时,舌尖抵住上齿龈形成阻碍,气流冲出时,舌尖突然离开上齿龈,爆破成音;/k//g/舌后软颚音(Velar),发音时,舌后部向软颚抬起贴紧,形成阻碍,气流从喉咙口用力冲出,爆破成音.辅音/p/ProducingsoundThe/p/soundismadebyclosingthemouthandpushingthelipsapart.Theteethareapart,butnotshown.Thetongueisi
5、nthemiddleofthemouth.Airisblownthroughquickly./p/---Dialogue“Passports,Please”(Mr.AndMrs.Chapmanareattheairport.TheyhavejustgottenofftheplanefromParis.)Official:Passport,Please.Mr.Chapman:IthinkI’velostourpassports,Pam.Mrs.Chapman:Oh,Peter,howcouldyoubesostupid?Didn’
6、tyouputtheminyourpocket?Mr.Chapman:(emptyinghispockets)Here’sapen,apencil,apostcard,anenvelope,astamp,apin…Mrs.Chapman:Oh,stoptakingeverythingoutofyourpockets.Youprobablyputthemintheplasticbag./p/---DialogueMr.Chapman:(emptyingtheplasticbag)Here’sanewspaper,anapple,a
7、pear,aplasticcup,aspoon,somepaperplates,apieceofpie,somepepper,somepresents.Mrs.Chapman:Oh,stoppullingeverythingoutoftheplasticbag,Peter.Thesepeoplearegettingimpatient.Mr.Chapman:Well,helpme,Pam.Mrs.Chapman:We’velostourpassports.Perhapswedroppedthemontheplane.Officia
8、l:Thenlettheotherpassengerspass,please.Mr.Chapman:Pam,whydon’tyouhelp?You’renotbeingveryhelpful.Putthethingsintheplasticbag.Officia
