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1、第3卷第1期亚热带资源与环境学报Vol13No112008年3月出版JournalofSubtropicalResourcesandEnvironmentMarch2008城市水足迹计算与分析———3以上海市为例aa,baa邓晓军,谢世友,王李云,黄岩(西南大学a.地理科学学院,b.三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715)摘要:水足迹是基于消费基础的水资源利用情况的指示器.水足迹分析可定量反映城市人类活动对水资源系统产生的压力和程度,为城市水资源可持续规划与管理提供了新的思路和研究方向.本文以上海市为案例,计
2、算了2005年上海市的水足迹,并分析了1999-2005年间上海水83足迹动态变化过程.结果表明:2005年上海市总水足迹为243104×10m,人均水足迹13663m/cap/a,水匮乏度高达8116;近7年间万元GDP水足迹逐年下降,但人均水足迹明显上升.这说明上海市水资源利用呈不可持续状态,今后需要注重提高水资源利用率,提倡节约型生产和消费模式以及实施虚拟水战略等来减少其水足迹,逐步实现城市水资源的可持续利用.关键词:水足迹;水资源;可持续利用;虚拟水;上海中图分类号:F3231213文献标识码:A文章编号:167
3、327105(2008)0120062207CalculationandAnalysisofUrbanWaterFootprint:ACaseStudyofShanghaiCityaa,baaDENGXiao2jun,XIEShi2you,WANGLi2yun,HUANGyan(a.SchoolofGeographicalSciences,b.KeyLaboratoryofEco2environmentsinThreeGorgesReservoirRegion(MinistryofEducation),Southwest
4、University,Chongqing400715,China)Abstract:Thewaterfootprintconceptwasintroducedinordertohaveaconsumption2basedindicatorofwaterusethatwouldprovideusefulinformationinadditiontothetraditionalpro2duction2sector2basedindicatorsofwateruse.Asanewideaanddirection,urbanwa
5、terfoot2printcanquantifythepressureandeffectofurbaneconomicactivitiesonwaterresourcessys2tem,bywhichwecanjudgethesituationofurbanwatermanagement.AlthoughmanypapersdealingwithwaterfootprinthavebeenpublishedinChinarecently,fewofthemfocusedonur2banwateruse.TakingSha
6、nghaiasacase,thestudyestimatedthecity′spresentwaterfoot2print,anditschangeinthepast7yearswasanalyzed.Theresultsindicatedthatthewater833footprintofthecityin2005was243104×10mor1366mpercapitaperyear,withadefi2ciencyrateashighas8116%.During1999-2005,waterfootprintper
7、tenthousandyuanGDPsawadecrease,butwaterfootprintpercapitaincreased.ThischangehasshownthatthewateruseofShanghaiwasnotsustainable.Tolessenthewaterfootprintandachievesustainablewa2teruse,effortsshouldbemadeinfollowingaspectssuchastheincreaseofrecyclingrate,theadopti
8、onofprudentproductionandconsumptionandtheimplementationoftheVirtualWaterStrategy.Keywords:Waterfootprint;waterresources;sustainableutilization;virtualwater;Sha