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1、第十一章实验设计的统计学基本原则（Theeleventhchapteristhebasicprincipleofexperimentaldesign）TheeleventhchapteristhebasicprincipleofexperimentaldesignExperiment(Experiment):theformofresearchdesignedbyresearcherstoactivelydecidetogivesomesubjectssomekindofprocessing,andtogiv
2、esomeotherobjectssomekindofcontrol.Theassignmentofthisprocessisoftenrandom.Theexperimentaldesign(Experimentaldesign):throughgoodplanningobjectselection,processingfactorsdistribution,indexmeasurementanddataanalysisresultsthatwerecomparedbetweenobjectandexpe
3、rimentalconditionsarebalanced,theexperimentalresultshavegoodcomparability,andbettercontrolerrorinordertogetreliableresultswithlesssample.I.Thethreeelementsofexperimentaldesign:subjects,treatmentfactorsandexperimentaleffects.Treatmentfactor(treatment):ameas
4、ureappliedtothesubjectaccordingtothepurposeofthestudyiscalledatreatmentfactor.Note:seizethemainfactors.Controlconfoundingfactors(nontreatmentfactorsshouldbeasmuchaspossibleineachgroup).Standardization(treatmentfactorsshouldbestandardized,thatis,theprocesss
5、houldbeconsistentthroughouttheprocessandcannotbechangedforanyreason)Subjects(subject):Animals-species,strains,littersHuman--diagnosis,compliancePayattentiontothehomogeneityofsubjects(homogeneity)Experimentaleffect(effect):Indexselection:effective,objective
6、,sensitiveandaccurate.(headache,fever)Indicatorobservation:attentionshouldbepaidtoavoidingbias,andblindnessshouldbeadvocated.Quantificationofsubjectiveindicatorssuchasscoring.Totallydissatisfiedwithcompletesatisfaction01234567,8910Two.Classificationofexper
7、imentalresearch:accordingtodifferentexperimentalobjects,theexperimentisdividedintothreecategories.1.animalexperiments(animal,experiment)2.clinicaltrials(Clinical,trial)3.fieldinterventiontest(Intervention,trial)Three.Variationanditssourceinexperiments:Inth
8、eexperiment,duetochangesinthesubjectsoftheirowncharacteristics,experimentalconditionsandexperimentalresultsofthemeasurementuncertaintyoftheexperimentalresultswiththetruevaluethedifferencethattheexperimentaler
