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1、语法复习十八:数词高考重点要求:1.掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2.掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。数词在各个题项中,单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用,往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词,而其他数字表示法如分数,小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。(一)基数词:表示数目的词为基数词,它的构成如下表:范围特点实例1~12无规律one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13~19以tee
2、n为结尾thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen20~90以ty结尾twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety21~99十位与个位之间要加连字符“-”twenty-five,sixty-five,ninety-nine101~999百位与十位之间通常用andthreehundredandtwenty-five(美语中常将and省略)千以上6275—sixthousandtwohundredandseventy-five
3、;1200—twelvehundred(二)序数词:表示顺序的数词为序数词,它的构成如下表:范围特点实例1~19各基数词尾加th其中七个例外:first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,109twelfth,其余,如:four—forth,six—sixth,nineteen—nineteenth20,30~90把y变i后加ethtwentieth,fortieth,ninetieth21以后多位数最后一个数用序数词,其余用基数词21st—twenty-first,110th—onehundredandtenth(三)数词的用法:
4、1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表示例英语表示法2001.6.30June30,200130June,200130thJune,20017:25seventwenty-fivetwenty-fivepasteven12:54twelvefiftyfoursixtoone9:15ninefifteenaquarterpastnine2:30twothirtyhalfpasttwo21:50twenty-onefifty9:50p.m.第21twenty-first第123onehundredandtwenty-thirdahalftwoandtwo-
5、fifths20%20percent20percent第七路公共汽车BusNumberSeven第201房间Room201人民路153号153RenminRoad4+8=12Fourpluseightistwelve10911-7=4Elevenminussevenisfour.6×5=30Sixtimesfiveisthirty.20÷5=4twentydividedbyfiveisfour.A>BAismorethanB.A<BAislessthanB.A≈BAisapproximately(近似地,大约)equalstoB.A≠BAisnotequalto
6、B.2.约数表示法列表含义英语表达例句大于某数morethanHehaslivedhereformorethantwentyyears.oversheisoverfifty.ormoreThere'rethirtypeopleormoreinthemeeting-room.小于某数lessthanIhavelessthan(notmorethan)fiftydollars.underChildrenundersevenarenotallowedtoenter.belowHewouldnotsellitforbelowahundredfiftydollars.or
7、lessThecoatmightcosthimsixtydollarsorless.大约(某数)nearlySheisnearlyfiftynow.almostItsalmostthreeo'clock.uptoUptotenmencansleepinthistent.orHespentfourorfivedayswritingthearticle.orsoThedistanceistwentymilesorso.aboutIvisitedthatvillageaboutthreeyearsago.someTheirteamhassomefourorfivepl
8、ayers.moreor