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1、凯程考研考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！2017年艺术类考研英语阅读各题型解题技巧分析题目序号题型归类第1题中心主旨题型第2题例证与细节理解题型第3题细节理解题型第4题审题定位题型第5题归纳推导题型Proponentsofdifferentjazzstyleshavealwaysarguedthattheirpredecessor’smusicalstyledidnotincludeessentialcharacteristicsthatdefinejazzasjazz.Thus,1940’sswingwas
2、belittledbybeboppersofthe1950’swhowerethemselvesattackedbyfreejazzesofthe1960’s.Theneoboppersofthe1980’sand1990’sattackedalmosteverybodyelse.ThetitanicfigureofBlacksaxophonistJohnColtranehascomplicatedtheargumentsmadebyproponentsofstylesfrombebopthroughneo
3、bopbecauseinhisownmusicaljourneyhedrewfromallthosestyles.Hisinfluenceonalltypesofjazzwasimmeasurable.Attheheightofhispopularity,Coltranelargelyabandonedplayingbebop,thestylethathadbroughthimfame,toexploretheouterreachesofjazz.Coltranehimselfprobablybelieve
4、dthattheonlyessentialcharacteristicofjazzwasimprovisation,theoneconstantinhisjourneyfrombeboptoopen-endedimprovisationsonmodal,Indian,andAfricanmelodies.Ontheotherhand,thisdoggedstudentandprodigioustechnician—whoinsistedonspendinghourseachdaypracticingscal
5、esfromtheorybooks—wasneverabletojettisoncompletelytheinfluenceofbebop,withitsfastandelaboratechainsofnotesandornamentsonmelody.TwostylisticcharacteristicsshapedthewayColtraneplayedthetenorsaxophone:hefavoredplayingfastrunsofnotesbuiltonamelodyanddependedon
6、heavy,regularlyaccentedbeats.ThefirstledColtraneto“sheetsofsound”whereheracedfasterandfaster,pile-drivingnotesintoeachothertosuggeststackedharmonies.Thesecondmeantthathissenseofrhythmwasalmostasclosetorockastobebop.ThreerecordingsillustrateColtrane’senergi
7、zingexplorations.RecordingKindofBluewithMilesDavis,Coltranefoundhimselfoutsidebop,exploringmodalmelodies.Hereheplayedsurging,lengthysolosbuiltlargelyaroundrepeatedmotifs—anorganizingprincipleunlikethatoffreejazzsaxophoneplayerOrnetteColeman,whomodulatedora
8、lteredmelodiesinhissolos.OnGiantSteps,Coltranedebutedasleader,introducinghisowncompositions.Herethesheetsofsound,downbeataccents,repetitions,andgreatspeedarepartofeachsolo,andthevarietyoftheshapesofhisphrases
