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1、4thInternationalDAAAMConference"INDUSTRIALENGINEERING–INNOVATIONASCOMPETITIVEEDGEFORSME"29-30thApril2004,Tallinn,EstoniaPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERSINPROCESSAUTOMATIONAhtiMikkor,LembitRoosimölderDepartmentofProductDevelopment,InstituteofMachinery,TallinnTechnicalUniv
2、ersity,Ehitajatetee5,19086Tallinn,Estoniaahti.mikkor@siemens.comAbstract:Nowadays,controlproblemsaresolvedusingoperatingcomponentsfromawidevarietyoftechnologies:electronics,hydraulics,pneumaticsandmechanics.Functio-nality,reliabilityandpriceofthecontrolledsystemarede
3、ter-minedbythequalityofthesolutionmade.Thepaperconcentratesonpracticaluseofprogrammablelogiccontrollers(PLC)thatisbasedonthefiveyearsprojectdevelopmentexperienceinthisarea.Successfulsolutionsandproblemsareunderfocus.Specifichardware,controllerprogrammingproblems,data
4、/signalsexchangeandhumanmachineinterfacesareconsidered.Asaresultthemethodforselectingprogrammablecontrollersaccordingtospecificneedsisdeveloped.Practicalsuggestions,possiblehazardsandwarningsareproposedthatcouldhelptoavoidmistakes.Keywords:programmablecontrollers,PLC
5、,automation,automationsystems,processautomation.1.INTRODUCTIONModernmachineryconsistsofbothmechanicalandelectronicparts.Overallfunctionalityisdeterminedby“balance”betweenthesecomponents.Initialplanningandsolutionselectionplayscriticalroleinfinalresult.Incontrolmethod
6、stheselectionhastobemadebetweenrelay-basedcircuits,specialdevices,programmablelogiccontrollers(PLC)andnewdevelopmentelectronics.ThisarticleisconcentratedonPLC-sandexperiencethathascollectedover5-yearpracticalworkwithPLC-s.Strongandweaksides,positiveandnegativepractic
7、esarediscussed.Suggestionsweathertouseprogrammablecontrollersornothavebeenformedtohelpdecisionmaking.ThemostimportantdecisioninplanningPLC-basedsystemisselectingprocessortype.Mistakesmeanextracostsformodificationsorevenneedforcompletelynewdevices.Themostcommonerroris
8、overestimatingprogrammingpossibilitiesofsmall-sizedprocessors.ThereareseveralmethodsforselectingPLC.Unfortunatelymostofthemfocusone
