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1、基于GPS的四轴飞行器导航系统设计摘要:四轴飞行器执行任务就必须人工进行遥控或进行自主巡航。人工遥控只能完成视野内的任务,若要在人类难以到达的地方执行任务,如灾区、极地等,就必须使用自主巡航。用于民用的自主巡航飞行器可执行水灾、火灾、地震等灾情调查救援任务;化工厂等场所有毒气体浓度监测;重要设施连续监控;输油管线和输电线路的巡查;区域性空-地、空-海通讯中继;农田、林区农药喷洒;当对特定地区进行日常环境监测,也可以使用这种飞行器,自动巡查完后自动返航并自动记录存储数据,大大减少人力成本。本文提出了一种基于GPS的简易四
2、轴飞行器导航系统的设计与实现。该系统能接收并分析出需要的GPS定位信息,与存储的定位坐标进行简易地自主导航,并在显示屏上模拟和显示。同时也可测量飞行距离以及获得准确的卫星时间。详细介绍了GPS系统的组成、定位误差、数据接收和参数提取的方法,并同时研究了点阵液晶显示屏字库的建立与字符的显示,以及I2C总线串口传输技术的实际运用。关键词:GPS;四轴飞行器;自主导航中图分类号:TP242.655ThedesignoffourshaftaircraftnavigationsystembasedonGPSAbstract:To
3、performtasks,fourshaftaircraftmustberemoteartificiallyforcontrolorcruiseindependently.Artificiallyremotecontrolcanonlycompletethetaskwithinsight,Ifwanttoperformtasksintheplacethathumaninaccessible,Suchasdisasterarea,polar,etc,youmustuseindependentcruise.Forcivil
4、ianuseindependentcruisevehicleexecutabletothedisasterinvestigationrescuemissionsuchasflood,fireorearthquake;poisonousgasesconcentrationmonitoringinchemicalfactories;Importantfacilitiescontinuousmonitoring;Oilpipelinesandtransmissionlinesearch;Regionalair-to-grou
5、nd,air-to-marinecommunicationrelay;Thefarmlandandforestpesticidesprays;ifweneedgettospecificareasfordailyenvironmentmonitoring,Alsocanusethisaircraft.Automaticreturnafterbeautomaticsearchandautomaticrecordstoredata,greatlyreducethemanpowercost.Thispaperputsforwa
6、rdamethodofsimplefourshaftvehiclenavigationsystemdesignandimplementationwhichbasedonGPS.ThesystemcanreceiveandanalyzeGPSpositioninginformationthatweneed,andstoragepositioningcoordinateeasily,andautonomousnavigation,simulateandthendisplayonthescreen.Italsocanmeas
7、urableflightdistanceandgetaccuratesatellitetime.Introducesthecomposition,positioningerror,datareceivingofGPSsystem,andmethodofparameterextraction,andtheestablishmentoftheLCDscreenfonts,andtheapplicationofcharactersI2Cbuspracticaltheserialtransmissiontechnology..
8、Keywords:GPS;Fourshaftvehicle;AutonomousnavigationClassification:TP242.655目录摘要I目录III1绪论11.1研究背景11.2国内外四轴飞行器自主导航系统发展现状11.2.1国内外飞行器的发展和应用11.2.2全球定位系统GPS发展概述31.3系统简介41.3