plc课程设计--小车供料系统的设计

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1、目录一、方案论证·········································11.1设计思路················································11.2任务详解················································11.3方案设计流程·········································2二、系统硬件设计··················································42.1系统原理组成框图···········

2、·······························42.2器件选择··················································42.3电路原理图················································52.4PLC接线图················································5三、系统软件设计·················································73.1系统流程图·······················

3、························73.2I/O分配表··············································73.3梯形图程序···············································83.3.1小车运行部分··············································83.3.2四级皮带运行部分··········································103.3.3故障报警部分·······························

4、··········12四、系统调试·················································144.1调试步骤及方法···········································144.2调试过程中问题的发现及解决·······························15五、结果分析及展望···············································15附录：梯形图·················································16一、方案论证

5、1.1设计思路小车的送料和皮带机运输往往是一个整体，如果送料小车出现故障，则皮带将没有货物运输；如果有一台电动机出现故障就会造成货物的堆积，影响生产。而且一个完整的供配系统之间要有很好的联系，这样才能环环相扣，自动循环，所以，我们在设计保护功能齐全的四级皮带控制电路及小车送料系统时，预先考虑系统具有以下功能：（1）电机顺序启动，逆序停止；（2）电机的降压启动；（3）具有短路、缺相、过载、急停功能为一体的保护功能。保证电机出现故障后货物不堆积。解除故障后能重新启动；（4）具有单动、循环选择功能；（5）皮带的启停要与小车送料系统相联系；（6）小车运料具有位置显示；（7）小车的装料、卸料

6、点及路线行驶要能实现甲地装料→丙地卸料→乙地装料→丙地卸料往返，自动循环；（6）出现故障后，报警系统启动。1.2任务详解1、小车供料系统的设计用一辆小车分别在甲地或乙地两地装货，装货完成后都在丙地卸货。具体控制要求如下：①按下右行开关，小车从甲地装料出发，直接右行到丙地卸货。卸货延时5S，卸货完成小车自动左行，回到乙地或者回到甲地装料，装料延时5S，装料完成，小车自动右行到丙地卸料，如此自动循环运行。②按下左行开关，小车回到甲地或乙地装料，装料延时5S，装料完成，小车自动右行到丙地卸料，卸料延时5S后，自动左行，如此自动循环运行。③小车右行时只能到丙地，左行时若按下位置选择开关，则

7、小车回到甲地，若不按位置选择，则小车按照甲地装料→丙地卸料→乙地装料→丙地卸料循环运行。④按下停止开关，小车立即停止运行。152、四级传送带送料系统的设计分别用四台电机带动四级传送带，组成一个四级送料系统，具体控制要求如下：①小车卸料信号发出后，延时5S皮带开始启动。启动时，最先启动第四级皮带，经过3S延时，再启动第三级皮带，如此直到一级皮带启动后，经过2S延时，Y5得电，丙地开始下料到皮带上。②当某条皮带机发生故障时，该皮带机及其前面的皮带机立即停止且Y5也立即停止