内蒙古荒漠完整版草原土壤线虫对人工增温的响应本科论文.doc

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1、内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫对人工增温的响应内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫对人工增温的响应摘要：为了研究全球变暖对荒漠草原土壤线虫（soilnematode）群落的影响，本试验选取内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原作为研究对象，采用野外人工模拟红外线增温和对照处理，观测内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫的种类组成、多度、营养类型以及多样性生态指数的变化。本试验采用用贝尔曼湿漏斗法提取线虫，在显微镜下依据《中国土壤动物检索图鉴》一书对土壤线虫进行种属鉴定并在解剖镜下计数，最后将土壤线虫分为植物寄生性、食细菌性、食真菌性、捕食/杂食性四种功能类群，并计算其相关生态指数。结果表明，内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫的优势营养

2、类型是食细菌性线虫，其次是植物寄生性线虫，优势属集中于这两种营养类型；增温处理对土壤线虫各种生态学效应在0-10cm深度土壤表现显著，随着土壤深度的增加，增温对线虫的影响逐渐降低，增温的生态学效应在10-15cm土层中表现的不明显，土壤线虫有向土壤深处移动的趋势；增温处理使得土壤线虫的多度和种类都减少，种类的减少主要集中于植物寄生性线虫；本试验的结果显示增温处理并没有明显改变各土层以及全土层中土壤线虫的多样性指数，即变暖对内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫多样性无显著影响。关键字：全球变暖，荒漠草原，土壤线虫，线虫多度，线虫多样性，线虫营养类型，生态指数。V内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫对人工增温

3、的响应V内蒙古荒漠草原土壤线虫对人工增温的响应ResponseofSoilNematodestoArtificialWarminginDesertSteppeofInnerMongoliaAbstract：Inordertostudytheeffectofglobalwarmingonsoilnematodecommunityindesertsteppe,thisstudyselectedSiziwangqiStipaBrevifloraDesertSteppeofInnerMongoliaasresearchobject,Inthefield,thespeciescompos

4、ition,abundance,trophictypesanddiversityofecologicalindexofsoilnematodesinInnerMongoliadesertsteppewereobservedandcomparedwithinfraredray.TheextractionofnematodesusingwetmodifiedBaermannfunnelmethod.AccordingtosoilanimalsofChinaPictorialkeystoabookonsoilnematodeswereforspeciesidentificationi

5、nunderthemicroscopeandindissectingmicroscopecounts.Finally,thesoilnematodedividedintoPlant-parasites（PP）,Bacterivores(BF),Fungivores(FF),Predators/Omnivores(OP)fourfunctionalgroupsandcalculationtheecologicalindex.TheresultsshowthatthedominanttrophictypessoilnematodeisBF,followedbyPPindeserts

6、teppeofInnerMongolia,thedominantgenerafocusonthesetwotypesofnutrition.Warmingonsoilnematodesofvariousecologicaleffectsin0-10cmdepthofsoilsignificantly.Withtheincreaseofsoildepth,effectsofwarmingdecreasedgraduallyonnematode,ecologicaleffectsofwarminginthe10-15cmsoildepthisnotobvious,thesoilne

7、matodemovestodeepsoiltrend.Warmingtreatmentmakessoilnematodeabundanceandspeciesarereduced,thereductionofspeciesmainlyconcentratedonPP.Theresultsshowedthatwarmingtreatmentdidnotchangesignificantlynematodediversityindexinthesoil,thatwarminghasnosigni