手工电弧焊的应用

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1、专业：[机械设计制造及自动化]班级：[09级本科三班]学生姓名：[王重阳]指导教师：[刘怿凡]完成时间：2021年6月15日手工电弧焊的应用TheapplicationofManualelectricarcwelding武汉生物工程学院13目录1手工电弧焊介绍··································（3）1.1基本知识····································（3）1.1.1电焊机和焊钳····························（4）1.1.2电焊条··································（

2、6）1.1.3焊接接头、破口和焊缝位置·················（6）1.1.4焊条直径和焊接电流的选择·················（8）1.1.5手工电弧焊的特点························（8）1.213焊条和药皮·······························（9）1.2.1焊条分类·································（9）1.2.2药皮的作用······························（9）1.3对接平焊的操作过程·························（9）2手工电弧焊应用··

3、································（10）3手工电弧焊触电防止······························（11）3.1手工电弧焊安全技术要求····················（11）3.2手工电弧焊防触电措施······················（11）参考文献13··········································（12）手工电弧焊简介手工电弧焊是以焊条和焊件作为两个电极，被焊金属称为焊件或母材。焊接时因在两电极间的气体介质中产生放电电弧，强烈而持久的放电电弧产生的高温和吹力作用使焊件局部熔化，使

4、两块分离的金属熔合在一起，从而获得牢固的接头。在被焊金属上形成一个椭圆形充满液体金属的凹坑，这个凹坑称为熔池。随着焊条的移动熔池冷却凝固后形成焊缝。焊缝表面覆盖的一层渣壳称为熔渣。焊条熔化末端到熔池表面的距离称为电弧长度。从焊件表面至熔池底部距离称为熔透深度　　　　BriefIntroductionOfManualElectricArcWeldingManualelectricarcweldingisaweldingrodandweldingpiecesasthetwoelectrode,Themetaltobeweldedcalledweldorparentmaterial.Solder

5、ingbecausebetweentwoelectrodegasmediumtoproduceadischargearc,intenseandpersistentdischargearctogeneratehightemperatureandblowingforceweldingpiecesofpartialmelting,sothattwoseparatemetalfusedtogether,therebyobtainingatightjoint.Inthemetaltobeweldedisformedonanovalfilledwithliquidmetalpit,thepitknow

6、nasmoltenpool.Astheelectrodemovementformedbythecoolingandsolidifyingofweldpool.Weldsurfacecoveringalayerofslagshellcalledslag.Meltingendtotheweldpoolsurfaceiscalledarclengthdistance.Fromtheweldingpiecesofthesurfacetomeltbottomdistancecalledthedepthofpenetration.第一章手工电弧焊介绍1.1基本知识电弧焊是利用电弧放电所产生的热量，将焊

7、条和工件局部加热熔化，冷凝后，而完成焊接的。电弧焊的过程如图1-1所示。将工件和焊钳分别接到电焊机的两个电极上，并用焊钳夹持焊条。焊接时，先将焊条与工件瞬时接触，随即再把它提起，在焊条和工件之间便产生了电弧。电弧热将工件接头处和焊条熔化，形成一个熔池。随着焊条沿焊缝的方向向前移动，新的熔池不断形成，先熔化了的金属迅速冷却、凝固，形成一条牢固的焊缝，就使两块分离的金属连成一个整体。电弧中心处的最高温度可达6000℃。13图