软件工程导论期末复习

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1、软件工程概述部分FAQsaboutsoftwareengineeringlWhatisSoftware?Computerprogramsandassociateddocumentationsuchasrequirements,designmodelsandusermanuals（指南）.Softwareproductsmaybedevelopedforaparticularcustomerormaybedevelopedforageneralmarket.Genericproducts–通用软件产品Bespoke(custom)products

2、–制定软件产品Characteristics1:Softwareisdevelopedorengineered;Butitisnotmanufacturedintheclassicalsense.（Thatmeanswecancopyyourproductwhenyoufinishthephaseofbuildingup.）Characteristic2:Softwaredoesn’t“wearout”lWhatisSoftwareEngineering?Softwareengineeringisanengineeringdiscipline（

3、工程学科）thatisconcernedwithallaspectsofsoftwareproduction.Softwareengineersshouldadoptasystematicandorganised（系统的，有组织的）approachtotheirworkanduseappropriatetoolsandtechniquesdependingontheproblemtobesolved,thedevelopmentconstraintsandtheresourcesavailable.resources:People(mostim

4、portant)ToolsMethodProcesslWhatisthedifferencebetweenSE(softwareengineering)andCS(computerscience)?Computerscienceisconcernedwiththeoryandfundamentals;softwareengineeringisconcernedwiththepracticalitiesofdevelopinganddelivering(交付)usefulsoftware.lWhatisthedifferencebetweenso

5、ftwareengineeringandsystemengineering?systemengineeringisconcernedwithallaspectsofcomputer-basedsystemsdevelopment,includinghardwaresoftwareandprocessengineering(处理工程).softwareengineeringisapartofthisprocess.lWhatissoftwareprocess?Asetofactivitieswhosegoalisthedevelopmentore

6、volutionofsoftware.Genericactivitiesinallsoftwareprocessesare:Specification（描述）-whatthesystemshoulddoanditsdevelopmentconstraintsDevelopment（开发）-productionofthesoftwaresystemValidation（有效性验证）-checkingthatthesoftwareiswhatthecustomerwantsEvolution（进化）-changingthesoftwareinres

7、ponsetochangingdemands.lWhatissoftwareprocessmodel?Asimplifiedrepresentation（表示形式）ofasoftwareprocess,presentedfromaspecificperspective.softwareprocessmodel：Workflowperspective-sequenceofactivities;Data-flowperspective-informationflow;Role/actionperspective-whodoeswhat.软件过程部分

8、lGenericprocessmodelsØWaterfall;（瀑布型）——Separateanddistinctphasesofspecifica