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1、U形管式换热器设计摘要换热器是化工生产过程中的重要设备，它能够实现介质之间热量交换，广泛应用于汽车、航空、石油化工、动力、医药、冶金、制冷、轻工、食品、工程机械等行业，约占工艺设备总量的20%～70%。按其传热面的形状和结构进行分类可分为管型、板型和其他形式换热器。目前常用的换热器种类有浮头式、固定管板式和U形管式，其中以浮头式换热器居多。固定管板式换热器由于自身结构，应用的场合有限；浮头式换热器零部件多，易拆卸和清理，但检修的工作量大，容易内漏；而U型管式换热器的管板比固定管板式换热器少，其泄漏点就相应减少。此外
2、,U型管式换热器的壳程水压试验后烘干也比较容易，而且它的适用场合广、检修简单、操作弹性好。如果换热器的换热面积小、壳程与管程的温差较大或壳程介质很容易脏、管束表面需要经常清理地，一般都采用U型管式换热器。本设计参照GB150-2011，GB151-1999等参考文献，综合考虑各种因素结构设计需要选择适用合理、经济的结构形式。U形管式换热器主要是由筒体、封头、管箱、管板、换热管、折流板和法兰等组成，根据给定的工艺参数进行计算和校核，计算结果经校核后全部合格。关键词：换热器，U形管式，计算，校核。1U-tubeheat
3、exchangerdesignAbstractHeatexchangerisanimportantequipmentinchemicalproductionprocess,itcanrealizeheatexchangebetweenmedium,widelyusedinautomotive,aerospace,petrochemical,power,refrigeration,lightindustry,food,medicine,metallurgy,engineeringmachineryandotherin
4、dustries,accountsforabout20%~70%ofthetotalprocessequipment.Accordingtotheheattransfersurfaceshapeandstructureofclassificationcanbedividedintotubetype,platetypeheatexchanger,andotherforms.Atpresentcommonlyusedtypeheatexchangerhasfloating-headtype,fixedtubeplate
5、andUtubetype,ofwhichthemajorityoffloatingheadheatexchanger.Fixedtubeplateheatexchangerduetoitsstructure,theapplicationoflimitedoccasions;Floatingheadheatexchangercomponents,easydisassemblyandcleaning,butmaintenanceworkloadisbig,easytoleak;AndtheUtubeheatexchan
6、gertubeplatelessthanfixedtubeplateheatexchanger,theleakwilldecreaseaccordingly.Inaddition,theshellsideoftheUtubeheatexchangerafterdryingisalsoeasier,waterpressuretestanditswideapplicationoccasions,simplemaintenanceandgoodelasticityofoperation.Ifheatexchangerhe
7、attransferareaissmall,theshellsideoftheshellsideandtubesidetemperaturedifferenceisbiggerormediumitiseasytodirty,bundleneedoftencleanupthegroundsurface,generallyUSEStheUtubeheatexchanger.WithreferencetothedesignofGB150-2011,GB151-2011references,suchascomprehens
8、iveconsiderationofvariousfactorsneedtoselectsuitableandreasonable2structuredesign,thestructureoftheeconomy.U-tubeheatexchangerisdominatedbycylinder,head,tube,heatexchangetubeandtub
