免疫学名词解释英

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1、免疫名词解释历年题1.       Recirculationoflymphocytes(淋巴细胞再循环)Itmeansthecontinuousmovementoflymphocytesacrossthesitesthroughoutbloodandlymphaticvessels,anditiscriticalfortheinitiationandeffectorphasesofimmuneresponse.2.       hapten(半抗原)antigenwhichcancombinewiththecorrespondingAborsensitizedTlymphoc

2、ytebutcannotevoketheimmuneresponseindependently.3.       TD-Ag(thymusdependentAg)AgstimulatesBcellstoproduceAbwiththehelpofTcellsandmacrophage.4.       TI-Ag(thymusindependentAg)AgstimulatesBcellstoproduceAbwithoutthehelpofTcellsandmacrophage.5.       heterophileAg(异嗜性抗原)commonantigensshared

3、bydifferentspeciesandplayanimportantroleinimmunopathologyanddiagnosis.6.       HVR(hypervariableregion)超变区MostofsequencedifferencesamongantibodiesareconfinedtothreeshortstretchesintheVregionsofheavyandlightchainsarecalledHVR7.       CDR(complementarydeterminantregion)互补决定区Thesequencesofthean

4、tibodiesformanantigenbindingsurfacethatiscomplementarytothethreedimensionalstructureoftheboundantigenItisalsocalledcomplementarydeterminantregions.8.       idiotype(独特型)IgsproducedbyeachBcellsclonepossessinguniquestructurerespectivelyinHVRorCDR,theuniquestructureiscalledidiotypeofIg.9.      

5、 monoclonalAb(mAb单克隆抗体)Itispreparedbyhybridomatechnique.Immunizedspleencells(Bcells)fusewithmyelomacellsandformhybridomawithpropertyofproliferatingAb10.   conformationaldeterminants构象决定簇Theyarecomposedofaminoacidresiduesarenotinasequencebutbecomespecialjuxtaposedinfoldedprotein.Theyareusuall

6、yonthesurfaceofantigenandberecognizedbyBcellsandAb.11.   ADCC（antibodydependentcellmediatedcytotoxicity）ItisaprocessinwhichNKcellsaretargettoAbcoatedcells,resultinginlysesAbcoatedcells.FcRⅢisexpressedonNKcellmembraneandmediatebindingofIgG.12.    MACmembraneattackcomplex攻膜复合体Alyticcomplexofth

7、eterminalcomponentsofcomplementcascade,IncludingC5678andmulticopiesofC9,whichformsinthemembraneoftargetcellsMACcauseslethalionicandosmoticchangesincells.13.   CKcytokine细胞因子Agroupoflowmolecularweightpolypeptidesorproteinswhicharesecretedbyactivated