语法专用名词详解

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1、一.词类分类词类全称简称实词Notionalword名词Nounn.代词Pronounpron.数词Numeralnum.形容词Adjectiveadj.动词Verbv.副词Adverbadv.虚词Functionword冠词Articleart.介词Prepositionprep.连词Conjunctionconj.感叹词Interjectioninterj.1).名词专有名词ProperNouns普通名词CommonNouns:可数名词CountableNouns:个体名词IndividualNouns集体名词CollectiveNouns不可数名词UncountableNouns：物质

2、名词MassNounsorMaterialNouns抽象名词AbstractNouns单数SingularForm复数PluralForm奇数OddNumber偶数EvenNumber名词的所有格thePossessiveCase2)冠词定冠词DefiniteArticle不定冠词IndefiniteArticle3)代词人称代词PersonalPronoun:第一人称FirstPerson第二人称SecondPerson第三人称ThirdPerson物主代词PossessivePronoun形容词性物主代词AdjectivalPossessivePronoun名词性物主代词NominalP

3、ossessivePronoun反身代词ReflexivePronoun连接代词ConjunctivePronoun相互代词ReciprocalPronoun不定代词IndefinitePronoun指示代词DemonstrativePronoun疑问代词InterrogativePronoun关系代词RelativePronoun4）形容词品质形容词QualitativeAdjectives类属形容词ClassifyingAdjectives颜色形容词ColourAdjectives强调形容词EmphasizingAdjectives-ing形容词–ingAdjectives-ed形容词–

4、edAdjectives合成形容词CompoundAdjectives比较级TheComparativeDegree最高级TheSuperlativeDegree5)数次和量词基数词CardinalNumbers/Numeral序数词OrdinalNumbers分数词FractionalNumerals倍数词MultiplicativeNumeral概数ApproximateNumber量词MeasureWord6）动词及物动词TransitiveVerbs不及物动词IntransitiveVerbs双宾动词DitransitiveVerbs成语动词PhrasalVerbs系动词LinkVe

5、rbs助动词AuxiliaryVerbs情态动词ModelVerbs动词的基本形式现在式PresentTense过去式PastTense过去分词PastParticiple现在分词PresentParticiple限定形式FiniteForms非限定形式Non-FiniteForms:不定式TheInfinitive动名词TheGerund分词TheParticiple7）副词时间副词AdverbsofTime方式副词AdverbsofManner强调副词EmphasizingAdverbs评论副词CommentaryAdverbs关系副词RelativeAdverbs地点副词Adverbs

6、ofPlace程度副词AdverbsofDegree疑问副词InterrrogativeAdverbs连接副词ConjunctiveAdverbs句子副词SentenceAdverbs8)连词并列连词CoordinatingConjunction从属连词SubordinatingConjunction二.句子句子成分主语Subject逻辑主语LogicalSubject主语补足语SubjectComplement宾语Object直接宾语DirectObject间接宾语IndirectObject宾语补足语TheObjectiveComplement状语Adverbial伴随状语Adverbi

7、alofCircumstance目的状语AdverbialofPurpose原因状语AdverbialofCause/Reason结果状语AdverbialofResult时间状语AdverbialofTime条件状语AdverbialofCondition表语Predicative定语Attribute同位语Appositive谓语Predicate插入语Parenthesis呼语Vocative独立主格结