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1、非谓语动词Thefunctionoftheinfinitive(不定式)1.Tosayiseasy,buttodoisdifficult.2.Mydreamistogocollegesomeday.3.Theywantedtohelpme.4.Wouldyoulikesometoeat?5.Theyrunovertowelcometheforeignvisitors.6.Ourteacheraskedusnottotalkintheclass.Thefunctionofthe-ingform(V-ing)1.Eatingt
2、oomuchisbadforyourhealth.2.Hisjobissellingcomputers.3.Shelikesreadingnewspaperaftersupper.4.Hemaybeinthereadingroom.不定式:动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。(一)动词不定式的特征及用法1.动词不定式的构成及特征“to+动词原形”构成动词不定式,是一种非谓语
3、形式,在句子中不能作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。⑴作主语Toseeistobelieve.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.⑵作宾语:•decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;决心学习想希望,•refuse,manage,care,pretend;拒绝设法愿假装。•offer,promise,choose,plan;主动答应选计划ag
4、ree,ask/beg,help.同意请求帮一帮。•ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.•1.Weplan______morepaintingsthisyear.(buy)•2.Sheislookingforwardto_______artclassesathernewschool.(start)•3.Heisattempting_______hispaintingbytheweekend.(f
5、inish)•4.Shepromised______mearoundtheartgallery.(take)•5.Don’tputoff_______thatexhibition.(visit)⑶作宾语补足语Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheardtosingtheso
6、ng.⑷作状语:1).作目的状语:todo,inordertodo,和soastodoHebrokeintothehousetostealSomething.Shestudiedveryhardinordertocatchupwithothers.2).作结果状语:enough‥todo,too‥to,so‥astodo,such‥astodoShewassolateastomisshalfofthelecture.Sheissuchagoodstudentastoberespectedbyallherstudents.T
7、hehouseislargeenoughtoholdtwohundredpeople.3).作原因状语Shewassurprisedtoseeusinthestreet.Helaughedtohearthenews.⑸作定语Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Haveyouanythingtosend?Haveyouanythingtobesent?⑹作表语Myjobistohelpthepatient.主,表都是不定式,前者为条件,后者为目的或结果
8、。Tolearnalanguageistouseit.Mychiefpurposeis_______thedifficultiesofthematter.A.pointingoutB.tobepointedC.pointedD.topointout▲动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式not+to+