无线通信 毕业论文外文翻译

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1、WirelessCommunications*byJoshuaS.Gans,StephenP.KingandJulianWright1.IntroductionIn1895,GuglielmoMarconiopenedthewayformodernwirelesscommunicationsbytransmittingthethree-dotMorsecodefortheletter‘S’overadistanceofthreekilometersusingelectromagneticwaves.Fromthisbeg

2、inning,wirelesscommunicationshasdevelopedintoakeyelementofmodernsociety.Fromsatellitetransmission,radioandtelevisionbroadcastingtothenowubiquitousmobiletelephone,wirelesscommunicationshasrevolutionizedthewaysocietiesfunction.Thischaptersurveystheeconomicsliteratu

3、reonwirelesscommunications.Wirelesscommunicationsandtheeconomicgoodsandservicesthatutiliseithavesomespecialcharacteristicsthathavemotivatedspecialisedstudies.First,wirelesscommunicationsreliesonascarceresource–namely,radiospectrum–thepropertyrightsforwhichweretra

4、ditionallyvestedwiththestate.Inordertofosterthedevelopmentofwirelesscommunications(includingtelephonyandbroadcasting)thoseassetswereprivatised.Second,useofspectrumforwirelesscommunicationsrequiredthedevelopmentofkeycomplementarytechnologies;especiallythosethatall

5、owedhigherfrequenciestobeutilisedmoreefficiently.Finally,becauseofitsspecialnature,theefficientuseofspectrumrequiredthecoordinateddevelopmentofstandards.Thosestandardsinturnplayedacriticalroleinthediffusionoftechnologiesthatreliedonspectrumuse.Inlargepartourchapt

6、erfocusesonwirelesstelephonyratherthanbroadcastingandotherusesofspectrum(e.g.,telemetryandbiomedicalservices).Specifically,theeconomicsliteratureonthatindustryhasfocusedonfactorsdrivingthediffusionofwirelesstelecommunicationtechnologiesandonthenatureofnetworkpric

7、ingregulationandcompetitionintheindustry.Byfocusingontheeconomicliterature,thischaptercomplementsothersurveysinthisHandbook.Hausman(2002)focusesontechnologicalandpolicydevelopmentsinmobiletelephonyratherthaneconomicresearchperse.Cramton(2002)providesasurveyofthet

8、heoryandpracticeofspectrumauctionsusedforprivatisation.Armstrong(2002a)andNoam(2002)considergeneralissuesregardingnetworkinterconnectionandaccesspricingwhileWo