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1、2013听力原文SectionAWhatDoActiveLearnersDo?Goodmorning!TodayI’lldiscusswhatisactivelearningandwhatdoactivelearnersdo.Inordertodefineactivelearning,I’lllookatthedifferencesbetweenactivelearningandpassivelearningbyexaminingsixcharacteristicsofactivelearnersandcontrastingthemwiththoseofpassivelearne
2、rs.Ok.Let’sstartwiththefirstcharacteristic.Activelearnerstendtoreadwiththepurposeofunderstandingandremembering.Ibetthatnoonedeliberatelysitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotunderstandingthetext.However,I’msurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyouread,quoteandunquote,anas
3、signment,closedthetextandthought“whattheworldwasthatabout?”Whenyouinteractwiththetextinthismanner,youarereadingpassively.Activereaders,ontheotherhand,setgoalsbeforetheyreadandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthattheyhaveunderstoodwhattheyhaver
4、ead.Now,thesecondcharacteristicofactivelearnersistoreflectoninformationandthinkcritically.Beingreflectiveisanimportantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouarethinkingabouttheinformation.Inotherwords,youareprocessingtheinformation.Forinstance,youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationa
5、ndwhatyoualreadyknow,identifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatetheimportanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerreflectsconstantlyinthisway.Incontrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmostofwhatisreadandheard,buttheydonottakethatcrucialnextstepof
6、actuallythinkingaboutit.Let’smoveontothethirdone.Thethirdcharacteristicistolistenactivelybytakingcomprehensivenotesinanorganizedway,likewhatyoushouldbedoingnow.Welecturersarealwaysamazedatthenumberofstudentswhoengageinactivitiesotherthanlisteningandnote-takingintheirlectureclasses.We’veseenst
7、udentsreadingnewspapers,doinganassignmentforanotherclass,orchattingwithaclassmate.Perhapstheall-timewinnerforpassivelearning,however,wasastudentwhoregularlycametomyclasswithapillowandfellasleep.Unlikethesestudents,activelearnersareengagedlear
