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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2008,34(6):1080−1085http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.01080氮肥运筹模式对小麦茎秆抗倒性能的影响*魏凤珍李金才王成雨屈会娟沈学善(安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036)−2摘要:以高产强筋小麦品种烟农19为试验材料,通过不同施氮水平
2、(202.5、270.0和337.5kghm)和不同基追比例的施肥试验,对小麦茎秆结构和细胞壁化学成分及茎秆抗倒指数(CLRI,茎秆机械强度/茎秆重心高度)等生理生化指标进行了研究。结果表明,氮肥运筹模式显著影响小麦茎秆抗倒能力。基部节间长度和含氮量均随施氮水平和基肥比例的增加而增加,基部节间粗度、秆壁厚度、节间充实度、机械强度则表现相反。而细胞壁纤维素、木质素含量和CLRI则随施氮水平的增加呈现出先增后降的趋势,但随基肥比例的增加而下降。CLRI与基部节间粗度、壁厚、充实度及机械强度呈极显著正相
3、关,而与基部节间长度和氮含量呈极显著负相关。CLRI可作为小麦抗茎倒伏能力的综合评价指标。关键词:冬小麦;氮肥运筹模式;抗倒性能;茎秆抗倒指数EffectsofNitrogenousFertilizerApplicationModelonCulmLodgingRe-sistanceinWinterWheat*WEIFeng-Zhen,LIJin-Cai,WANGCheng-Yu,QUHui-Juan,andSHENXue-Shan(AgronomyCollege,AnhuiAgricultural
4、University,Hefei230036,Anhui,China)Abstract:Culmlodgingisacommonprobleminwheat(TriticumaestivumL.)productioncausingyieldlossandqualitydete-riorationofgrain.Weakmechanicalstrengthofthe1stand2ndbasalinternodesofculmisthemajorreasonforwheatlodgingduringl
5、ategrowthperiod.Itiswellknownthatthemechanicalstrengthiscloselyrelatedtocelluloseandlignincontentsinculm,whichareeasilyaffectedbynitrogenfertilizer.Accordingly,lodgingresistancecanbeimprovedthroughpropernitrogenapplica-tion.However,fewreportshavebeenf
6、oundonitsofar.Weattemptedtosetupanitrogenapplicationregimeforincreasinglong-ingresistanceinhigh-yieldingwinterwheatthroughmeasuringthestructureparametersofculm,chemicalcomponentsofculmcellwalls,andtheculmlodgingresistanceindex(CLRI).Inthepresentexperi
7、ment,weemployedawheatcultivar“Yannong19”withhighyieldandstrong-glutencontentinthefieldwithbasicnutritionstatusin0–20cmsoillayerasorganicmatterof2.13%,−1−1−1−1totalNof1.5gkg,availableNof115.6mgkg,availablePof22.8mgkg,andavailableKof142.5mgkg.Nfertilize
8、r−1treatmentsweresetupbyrandomizedblockdesignwiththreeapplicationrates(202.5,270.0,and337.5kgha,respectively)andthreebasal-topdressingratiosatpre-sowing,jointing,andbootingstages(3:5:2,5:5:0,and7:3:0,respectively).Theplantingden-6−1sitywas2.25