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1、第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共5小题，每小题20分）1.Hungerisnonovelty.Wecandiscountlegendsofgoldenages,landsofCockayne,andMefgasthenes'statementthatbeforeAlexander'sinvasionofIndia,therehadneverbeenfamineorfoodshortagethere.TrustworthyhistoricalrecordsshowthatduringtheRena
2、issanceoneyearinteninBritain,andoneinfiveinEurope,wasafamineyear.China,withagreaterareaandmorediverseclimate,hadafamineinsomeregioneveryyear.Famineisastateofaffairsinwhichpeoplearedyinginthestreets.Itthereforeattractsthenoticeofhistoriansandisrecorded.Thef
3、actthatitstrikespeoplewhoareawareofhavingbeenproperlyfedandwellismoreimportant.Notonlyarethesurvivorsmoreresilient,theyarealsoangryatthebreakdownofthesystemandeagertodosomethingaboutitthoughitisobviousfromtherecordthattheydonotalwayshavethemeans.Malnutriti
4、onismuchmoreinsidious.Itisachronicstateinwhichthetotalfoodsupplyor,moreoften,thesupplyofcertaincomponentssuchasproteinorsomeofthevitamins,isinadequate.Itseemsprobablethat,eitherconstantlyorseasonally.Itusedtobetheusualconditionofmankindandwasregardedasnorm
5、al.Thericketyappearanceofthefiguresinmedievalpaintingsanddrawingsisoftenputdowntotheincompetenceoftheartist:itisaslikelythatmostpeoplereallydidlooklikethat.Theexuberancewithwhichpoetsgreetedthe"merrymonthofMay"may,inourdullclimate,havehadameteorologicalbas
6、is:itisjustaslikelythatinMay,aftersixmonths'shortage,therewasnowanadequatevitaminsupply.Thepromptnesswithwhichsomesailorssuccumbedtoscurvyafterleavingportsuggeststhattheywerenormallyontheedgeofscurvyandneededonlyaslightworseningofconditionstogetitacutely.O
7、therswillthinkofotherexamples.Hungerandmalnutritionarecomponents,ofaclassicexampleofaviciouscycle.Theyleadtoenfeeblementorapathyinwhichnothingeithercanbedone,orseemstobeworthdoing,toalterthestateofaffairs;thisleadstomorehungerandmalnutrition.Thereisgoodrea
8、sontothinkthat,inmuchofthedevelopingworld,ifthecyclecouldoncethebroken,itwouldneverreturn.(1).Accordingtothetext,hungerinthepast____.A.occurredmorefrequentlyinBritainthanintherestofEuropeB.waslessofaproblemth
