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1、生物灾害科学2014,37(1):50-55http://xuebao.jxau.edu.cnBiologicalDisasterScience,Vol.37,No.1,2014swzhkx@163.comDOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3704.2014.01.09荒漠鼠类对新疆甘家湖湿地边缘带土壤性质的扰动效应研究1,21,2*1,21,2张雷,楚新正,李艳红,马晓飞(1.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054;2.新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室/新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830
2、054)摘要:选择甘家湖梭梭林自然保护区湿地边缘地带作为研究区域,研究荒漠鼠类活动对土壤的扰动效应及对梭梭生长的影响。在甘家湖湿地边缘进行隔月分季定期采样,对样品进行测试和分析研究。结果表明:(1)荒漠鼠类活动对土壤容重、含水量、总孔隙度以及pH值均有明显影响;(2)鼠类活动对土壤酶活性有影响,鼠害区脲酶、蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活性变化,在整个观测期均较对照区低;(3)鼠类活动对梭梭生长的影响显著,鼠害严重区植株高度、冠幅偏低,植株死亡数目相对较高。关键词:湿地;鼠害;土壤质地;土壤酶活性;梭梭;扰动效应中图分类号:X171
3、.1文献标志码:A文章编号:2095-3704(2014)01-0050-06StudyonSoilDisturbanceEffectsofDesertRodentsontheXinjiangGanjiahuWetland1,21,2*1,21,2ZHANGLei,CHUXin-zheng,LIYan-hong,MAXiao-fei(1.CollegeofGeographyandTourism,XinjiangNormalUniversity,Urumqi830054,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofLakeEnvi
4、ronmentandResourcesinAridAreaofXinjiang,Urumqi830054,China)Abstract:Inthisstudy,thewetlandedgeofHaloxylonForestNatureReserveinGanjiahuisselectedastheresearchareaandthedisturbanceeffectonsoilandgrowthofHaloxylonfromtherodents’activitiesindesertsareinvestigated.FromMayt
5、oNovemberin2011,regularsamplingsweretakeneveryothermonthinthewetlandedgeofGanjiahu,whichweretestedandanalyzedafterwards.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)Theactivitiesofrodentsindesertshaveobviousinfluencesonsoilbulkdensity,watercontent,grossporosityandpHvalues.(2)Activitiesofr
6、odentshaveanimpactonsoilenzymeactivity,andtheactivitychangesofurease,protease,catalaseandsucraseintherodentpestsareawerelowerthanthoseinthecontrolareaduringtheentireobservationperiod.(3)Theactivitiesofrodentshavesignificantinfluencesonthegrowthofhaloxylon.Intheserious
7、rodentaffectedarea,theheightofplantsandcrownwidtharerelativelylow,andthedeathtollofhaloxylonisrelativelyhigh.Keywords:wetland;micedestruction;soiltexture;soilenzymatic;haloxylon;disturbanceeffect中亚荒漠地区常见的鼠类为大沙鼠(Rhombomysopimus)和子午沙鼠(Merionesmeridianus),二者同属啮齿目(Rodenti
8、a)仓鼠科(Cricetidae)沙鼠亚科(Cerbillinae),前者属大沙鼠属(Rhomobomys),后者为[1]沙鼠属(Meriones),在我国北方地区均有分布,尤以西北荒漠、半荒漠的草原、湿地为主。湿地作为介于收稿日期:2014-02