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1、棉花学报CottonScience2016,28(4):375―383小麦秸秆浸提液和腐解液对棉花种子发芽及幼苗生长的化感效应11*121刘瑞显袁张国伟袁杨长琴袁张雷袁倪万潮(1.江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室,江苏南京210014曰2.中国农业科学院棉花研究所袁河南安阳455000)摘要院于2014年在江苏南京江苏省农业科学院人工气候室内进行水培试验袁以中棉所50为材料袁设置5个小麦秸秆浸提液和腐解液含量渊质量分数1.0%袁3.0%袁5.0%袁7.0%和10.0%冤袁研究小麦秸秆浸提液和腐解液对棉花种子萌发和根系发育的影响袁明确小麦秸
2、秆对棉花生长的化感效应遥结果表明院随秸秆浸提液和腐解液含量升高袁浸提液和腐解液中氮尧磷尧钾和总酚酸含量持续升高曰相同含量下袁腐解液中氮和磷含量与浸提液差异不显著袁而钾和总酚酸含量高于浸提液遥臆7.0%的浸提液和臆5.0%的腐解液只延迟了棉花种子发芽时间袁并未影响发芽率曰高于此含量时袁两者不仅延迟发芽时间袁而且降低发芽率遥浸提液和腐解液含量高达3.0%后显著抑制棉花主根伸长尧缩短侧根发生区尧减少侧根数量尧降低根系总表面积和总体积袁并随含量增加袁抑制和降低作用显著增强遥低含量的小麦秸秆浸提液与腐解液显著促进根系呼吸速率和根系活力袁当浸提液与腐解液含量高于3.0%时袁根呼吸速率
3、与根活力显著降低袁而MDA含量却随含量提高而显著增加遥小麦秸秆浸提液和腐解液中总酚酸和养分含量与其化感效应有关袁高含量的浸提液和腐解液抑制棉花种子萌发尧根系形态指标建成和根系呼吸袁同等浓度下袁小麦秸秆腐解液对棉花的化感效应强于浸提液遥关键词院小麦秸秆曰浸提液曰腐解液曰棉花曰化感效应曰酚酸中图分类号院S562.01文献标志码院A文章编号院1002-7807渊2016冤04-0375-0910.11963/issn.1002-7807.20160400911*121LiuRuixian,ZhangGuowei,YangChangqin,ZhangLei,NiWanchao(1
4、.210014,;2.,455000,)Tostudyeffectsofwheatstrawoncotton(cv.CCRI50)seedgerminationandrootgrowth,wecarriedoutanexperimentwithdifferentconcentrationsofwaterextractanddecompositionliquidofwheatstrawsintheenvironmentchamberofJiangsuAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesatNanjing.Resultsshowedthat,conten
5、tsofnitrogen,phosphorus,potassiumandtotalpheno-licacidsincreasedwiththeincreasingwaterextractanddecompositionliquidconcentrations(massfraction).Withthesamecon-centration,therewerenoobviousdifferenceaboutnitrogenandphosphoruscontentsbetweenwaterextractanddecompositionliquid,buttotalphenoli
6、cacidsandpotassiumcontentsindecompositionliquidwerehigherthanthatinwaterextract.Thewaterextractanddecompositionliquid,notexceeding7.0%(massfraction)and5.0%,individually,onlydelayedthegerminationtimeofcottonseed,buthadnoeffectsongerminationrate.However,over7.0%and5.0%individually,theyledto
7、notonlyadelayofgerminationtime,butalsoadecreaseingerminationrate.Thewaterextractanddecompositionliquid,over3.0%,inhibitedrootelongationandlateralrootdevelopment,whichappearedasdecreaseofthelateralrootnumber,totalrootsurfacearea,andtotalrootvolume,butincreaseofaverag
