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时间:2018-04-15
《不同灌溉方式对冬小麦_夏玉米生长发育及产量的影响》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、86中国农村水利水电·2015年第6期文章编号:1007-2284(2015)06-0086-05不同灌溉方式对冬小麦/夏玉米生长发育及产量的影响汪顺生1,孟鹏涛1,高传昌1,刘慧1,易嘉成2(1.华北水利水电大学,郑州450045;2.辽宁省辽阳市水文局,辽宁辽阳111000)摘要:通过田间试验,设置3种水分控制下限(田间持水量60%、70%、80%),分析了沟灌对冬小麦/夏玉米一年两作种植模式下的作物生长发育过程、群体结构、籽粒产量及产量构成因子和经济效益的影响。结果表明:与畦灌相比,沟灌冬小麦和夏玉米的生育期都延长3~5d,冬小麦无效分蘖数减少,成穗率提高6.14%~9
2、.54%,冬小麦、夏玉米的株高、叶面积、基部茎粗和产量都有所提高,周年总产量提高3.67%~7.92%;相同灌溉模式下,随着水分下限提高,生育期也都延长,冬小麦、夏玉米的株高和叶面积都有不同幅度的提高,但夏玉米的基部茎粗表现为L-60<L-80<L-70,且冬小麦无效分蘖数增加,成穗率降低,产量L-70显著高于L-60,L-80较L-70无明显提高,由于灌水投入增加导致最终经济效益呈先增加后减少的趋势。关键词:灌溉方式;灌溉控制下限;生长发育;产量及结构+中图分类号:S274;S512.11;S513文献标识码:AExperimentalResearchontheFertil
3、ityIndexandYieldofWheatandMaizeunderDifferentIrrigation1,MENGPeng-tao1,GAOChuan-chang1,LIUHui1,YIJia-cheng2WANGShun-sheng(1.NorthChinaUniversityofWaterConservancyandHydroelectricPower,Zhengzhou450045,China;2.HydrologicalBureauofLiaoyang,LiaoningProvince,Liaoyang111000,LiaoningProvince,China
4、)Abstract:Byusingfieldexperiments,wesetthreemoisturecontrollimit(80%,70%and60%offieldcapacity),analyzedtheeffectsoncropgrowthanddevelopmentprocess,populationstructure,grainyieldandyieldcomponentsfactorofwinterwheatandsummermaizeayeartwoplantingmodeinfurrowirrigationandtheinfluenceoftheecono
5、micbenefits.Theresultsshowthatcomparedwithborderirrigation,furrowirrigationofwinterwheatandsummermaizegrowthperiodisextendedfor3to5days.Winterwheatcanreduceinvalidtillernumber.Thespikerateincreaseby6.14%~9.54%,Wheatandmaizeplantheight,leafarea,basalstemdiame-terandyieldhasincreased,annivers
6、aryofthetotaloutputincreasesby3.67%~7.92%.Underthesameplantingpattern,withtheincreaseinwatertreatmentlimits,growthperiodisextended,plantheightandleafareaofwinterwheatandsummermaizehavedif-ferentamplitudeincrease,butthebasalstemdiameterofsummermaizeandwinterwheatshowthefollowingrules:L-60<L-
7、80<L?70,andinvalidtillernumberofthewinterwheatincreases,earingratereduces,theyieldofL-70increasessignificantlythanL-60,whilecomparedwithL-70,L-80havenosignificantincrease.Duetotheincreaseintheirrigationinvestment,thefinaleconomicben-efitincreasesthendecr
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