广东省佛山市顺德区2024届高三下学期2月教学质量检测二（二模）英语 Word版含解析.docx

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2023学年顺德区普通高中高三教学质量检测(二)英语试题本试卷共8页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。因听说另考,试题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题号从“21”开始。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案写在试卷上无效。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnneFrankWalkingTour—360AmsterdamToursDescriptionAsoneofthemosttolerantcitiesinEurope,Amsterdambecamethe“safeplace”oftheJewishcommunityduringthe16thand17thcenturies.Inthis2-hourtour,ourexpertguidefrom360AmsterdamwillrelatethepastofacitythatsufferedthehorrorsofWorldWarII,throughtheperspectiveofAnneFrank.DiscoverthestoryofAnne’sdiaryandhowitwaspublished.FindouthowtheDutchtreatedtheJewsofAmsterdam,asinthecaseofAnneFrank.ThetourshowstheoldJewishQuartertotheAnneFrankHouse.Ourprofessionalguideswillbringhistorytolifeandnarratehowthingsunfoldedduringthesetimesofterror.Recommended:ForpeopleinterestedinEuropeanhistory.What’sincluded?•LocalguideinEnglish(Spanish,German,Italian,French,PortugueseandDutch).•AwalkingtouraboutAnneFrankandW.W.IIthroughoutthehistoricalsitesofAmsterdam. What’snotincluded?•EntrancetickettotheAnneFrankHouse•FoodandBeverages•Transportation•Tipstotheguide•EntrancetickettotheJewishMuseumandthePortugueseSynagogueAdditionalinformationPleasearriveatthemeetingpoint15minutesbeforethedepartureofthetourandbuyyourticketsonlineinadvance.TicketstotheAnneFrankHousemustbepurchasedinadvanceandonlineasthereareassignedtimeslotstoenterthemuseum.MeetingpointTourStarts:NieuweAmstelstraat1—infrontoftheJewishMuseum.Lookfortheorangeumbrellasfrom360AmsterdamTours1.Whatisthemainfocusofthetour?A.Bringinghistorytolife.B.ShowcasingDutchtraditions.C.Exploringmodernarchitecture.D.DiscoveringfamousDutchwriters.2.Whatisincludedinthethe2-hourtourpackage?A.Tipstotheexpertguide.B.Aguidedwalkingtour.C.Freefoodandbeverages.D.Freeadmissiontothemuseum.3.Whatisadvisedforthetouristsregardingthetour?A.Holdinganorangeumbrella.B.Buyingticketsattheentrance.C.Bookingticketsaheadoftime.D.Enteringthemuseum15minutesearlier.BHeisaChinesesuperstar,apianogeniuswhohassoldmillionsofalbumsworldwide.LangLanghasalsousedhisfameandfortunetohelpstateschoolsaroundtheworldthatlackmusic,warningata2019awardsceremonyinLondonthatsuchlessonshadbecome“arealchallenge”forchildreninthemostdisadvantagedcommunities.NowheisbringingmusictoBritishstateschoolsinanambitiousprojectthatwillsetupmodern“pianolabs”inneedyschoolsacrossthenation.Eachlabwillhave20to30keyboards.TheplanisinspiredbyhisprogrammesintheUSandChina,inwhichhehasinvestedtensofmillionsofpounds. IntheUS,hehassetuppianolabsin86schools,giving70,000kidsaccesstokeyboards.InChina,hehasinstalledthemin104schools,enabling110,000childrentomakemusic.Thisisprimarilyforpupilsagedsevento12.ThefirstUKschooltobenefitistheWinnsprimaryschoolinWalthamForest,London’s12thpoorestarea.Itwillreceive30keyboardswithinthenextfewweeks.EverylabisaccompaniedbyacurriculumcreatedbytheRoyalConservatoryofMusicofTorontoandLangLang,withongoingteacher-training,financialsupport,andheadphones,allowinggrouppianoclasses.AskedwhatinspiredhimtosupportUKschools,Langtoldthereporter:“WewereabletoidentifymanysimilaritiesbetweenstateschoolsintheUKandpublicschoolsintheUSintermsofthewayaccesstomusicandartscanbeextremelylimitedwhenbudgetsarecut…Iwassosurprisedbyhowmusicclassesareneverguaranteed.Theschoolsandteachersareincredible,andaresodedicatedtoprovidingtheirstudentswitheverythingtheycan.Butitshockedmehowaccesstomusiceducationcanbesolimited.”HischarityquotestheGreekphilosopherAristotle:“Musichasthepowerofproducingacertaineffectonthemoralcharacterofthesoul,andifithasthepowertodothis,itisclearthattheyoungmustbedirectedtomusicandmustbeeducatedinit.”LangLangsaid:“WhenIvisitourpartnerschoolsandseethejoyonthestudents’facesorhearfromourteachersabouttheprogressstudentsaremaking,I’mremindedofwhywecreatedthisprogramme—togivechildrenanopportunitytodiscoverwhatthey’recapableofachievingandtofindtheirvoicesthroughmusic.”4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toofferbackgroundinformation.B.Tointroduceanargument.C.TodiscussLangLang’splans.D.TohighlightLangLang’sreputation.5.WhichschoolswillLangLanghelpinBritain?A.Privateschools.B.Ambitiousschools.C.Remoteschools.D.Disadvantagedschools.6.WhydidLangLangdecidetosupportschoolsinBritain?A.Theteachersaredoingagoodjob.B.Musicclassesaren’talwaysavailable.C.Thebudgetsarealwaysbeingcut.D.Theschoolsarededicatedtohelpingstudents.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LangLang—akindandcaringpianist B.LangLangteachestheworldtoplaypianoC.ChinesesuperstarbringsmusictoBritishkidsD.ChinesepianogeniuslooksforfuturepianostarsCDifferentforestsinthewesternUnitedStateshaveuniquecombinationsoftreesandbirds.Onetypehasbroad-leavedtreeslikeashandcottonwood,alongwithkingbirds.Anohertypehasevergreentreeslikepineandwhitespruce,alongwithjuncos.Ecologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturyonceclaimedtheseecologicalcommunitieswerepreciselybalancedsystems,whereeveryspecieshadaspecificroletoplayinacomplexmachine.Theybelievedthatremovingoraddinganyplant,bird,orinsect,coulddisruptthisbalanceandharmthehabitat.OneofthesepioneerecologistswasFrederickClements,whobelievedthatinaspecificclimatearea,ecologicalcommunitiesgraduallymovedtowardthemostbalancedandintegratedgroupofspeciesinthatregion.Clementswaschallengedbyanotherpioneerecologist,HenryGleason,whotooktheoppositeview.Gleasonviewedthecommunityaslargelyagroupofspecieswithsimilartolerancestothestressesgivenbyclimateandotherfactorstypicaloftheregion.Gleasonthoughtchanceplayedabigroleinwherespecieslived.Hisconceptsuggeststhatnatureisnothighlyintegrated.Eachspeciesisrespondingindividuallytoitssurroundings.Gleasonthoughtthingscouldchangeindifferentways,dependinguponlocalconditions.Whowasright?ItnowappearsthatGleasonwasmoreaccuratethanClements.Theecologicalcommunityismostlyarandomcollectionofspecieswithsimilarresponsestoaparticularclimate.Ashtreesarefoundinassociationwithcottonwoodtreesbecausebothcansurvivewellonfloodplainsandthecompetitionbetweenthemisnotsostrongthatonlyonecansurvive.Thisisnottosaythatpreciseharmoniesarenotpresentwithincommunities.Mostfloweringplantsrelyonpollinators(传粉者).Butifweseeaprecisebalanceofnature,itislargelyaproductofourperception,duetothefalsebeliefthatnature,especiallyacomplexsystemlikeaforest,seemssounchangingfromonedaytothenext.8.Early20thcenturyecologistscommonlyclaimedthat___________.A.eachspeciesplaysaspecificroleinthecommunityB.newspeciesneedtobeaddedascommunitiesdevelopC.maintainingprecisebalanceincommunityischallengingD.itisimportanttoprotectcommunitiesbyremovingcertainspecies9.AccordingtoGleason,whatinfluenceswherespecieslive?A.Howindividualisticthespeciesis.B.Theirabilitytotoleratethestressesthere.C.Thenumberofsimilarspeciespresent.D.Theirwaystointegratewithotherspecies. 10.Whydoestheauthormentiontwokindsoftreesinparagraph3?A.Toshowgreaterspeciesvarietyinfloodplains.B.ToprovideevidencetosupportClements’theory.C.Togiveanexampleofspeciesthatprefertoliveonfloodplains.DTosupportthecurrentviewonhowecologicalcommunitiesdevelop.11.Theunderlinedword“perception”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto____________.A.cultureB.environmentC.understandingD.educationDCuriosity—thedesiretoknow,todiscover,tolearn.Inspiredbycuriosity,humansarefoundeverywhereonourplanet,andbeyonditinspace.YetaccordingtohumanbehaviouristandauthorofCurious,IanLeslie,althoughweareallborncurious,notallofusbringthisintoadulthood,andwecanloseoutasaresult.AsLeslieexplains,curiosityshapesusfromthestart.Bytryingnewthings,webuildknowledge,andwanttoknowmore.“Wearebornawarethatwedon’tknowstuff—wewanttoexperienceanddiscover.”However,thecontrastbetweenchildhoodandadulthoodisclear.“Weask40,000questionsayearbetweentheagesoftwoandfive,”saysLeslie—around110eachday;adults,incomparison,askjust20.Aswegetolder,wemayfeelhesitantaboutaskingquestions,believingthisrevealsgapsinourknowledge.Wecanbecomescaredtoshareunconventionalideasforfearofcriticismormisunderstanding.Wecanalsobeavictimofoursuccess,asLeslieexplains.“Onceyou’veworkedouthowtodoyourjob,thenyoudon’tfeelcuriousanymore.Theneedtolearngoesaway—inaway,curiosityhasdoneitsjob.Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoushouldn’tcultivateit.”Leslie’stipsforcultivatingcuriositybeginwithspendingtimewiththeexperts—children.“Talktoyourkids,andtrytoanswerthoseweird,difficultquestionstheyhave—like‘Whatisair?’Thismakesyouthinkaboutthingsyou’vetakenforgranted—itreawakensyourcuriosityinwhat’saroundusandhowweperceivetheworld.”SodoesfindingwhatLesliecallsan‘informalmentor’,throughworkorothercircles,whoishappytosharetheirexpertise,fromaskill,technology,toafieldoflearning.“Trytothinkofpeoplethewaychildrenthinkofadults—assourcesofsecretknowledge,agreatstoreoflearningyoucantapinto,”saysLeslie.Lesliealsosuggestscreatinga‘sparkfile’—adigitalorphysicalnotebookinwhichyoucollectinterestingthoughts.“Fillitwithfactsyou’vecomeacross,sentencesyoulike,insightsthatstrikeyou.Letitberandom.Andletitbuild.Overtimeyou’llbuilduparichsourceofinspiration,andyou’llthink,‘Ohthat’sinteresting,thatrelatestothis…’Andsuddenlyyourmindstartsfiringawaywithnewideasandwaysofthinking.” 12.AccordingtoLeslie,whathappensaswegetolder?A.Wegraduallyloseournaturalcuriosity.B.Wearelessawareofourknowledgegaps.C.Weareunwillingtoletothersbenefitfromourideas.D.Wemaythinkaskingquestionsmakespeoplefoolish.13.WhichofthefollowingsayingsmightLeslieagreewith?A.Aday’splanningisbestdoneatdaybreak.B.Intheeyesofalover,XiShiwillappear.C.Amastercanleadyoutothedoor,buttherestisuptoyou.D.Whenthreepeoplewalktogether,onecansurelybemyteacher.14.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofa‘sparkfile’?A.Itiscarefullyorganized.B.Itcanhelppeopleconnectideas.C.Itonlycontainscompletesentences.D.Itcanhelppeopleimprovetheirmemory.15.Whatisthewriter’saiminthispassage?A.ToproveIanLeslie’sarguments.B.TosummariseIanLeslie’sviewpoint.C.ToquestionIanLeslie’sconclusions.D.TointroduceIanLeslie’sachievements.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。We’regrowingmoreusedtochattingtoourcomputers,phonesandsmartspeakersthroughvoiceassistants.Outoftheseassistants,Siriisthemostwell-knownspokenweb.Blindpeoplehavebeenusingtext-to-speechassistantfordecades.___16___Somethinkvoicecouldsoontakeoverfromclickingasthemainwaytointeractonline.Theybelieveonlineinteractionwouldsoondependmainlyonvoice.___17___Buildingthespokenweb—web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web—isbynomeansaneasytask.Forsoftwaretoanswersimplequestionsabouttheweatherandplaymusicforusiseasy.___18___Artificialintelligenceisn’tsmartenoughyet.Eventurningyourvoiceintotextisoneofthehardestproblemstosolve.Thereareasmanywaystopronouncethingsastherearepeopleontheplanet.Usingvoiceinteractionfeelsfarcloserthansurfingthenettheold-fashionedway.___19___Butifsomethingspeaksitmustalsolisten.Ourphonesarealwaysnearusandtheyareconstantlycollectingtheirpersonalinformation.Thishasalreadyraisedprivacyconcerns.Peopleworryassistantswillonedaybeusedtodeliveradvertisingdirectlytous. ___20___Inenvironmentswhenone’shandsareoccupied,suchaswhiledrivingorcooking,thespokenwebishelpful.Thinkaboutwhenyouarecooking,itisnaturaltotalk.Andspeechobviouslymakessensewhenyouaredriving.Ontheotherhand,inaquietlibrary,usingvoicecommandstoaskaquestionmaynotbeassuitableastyping,asitcoulddisturbothers.Theeffectivenessofusingvoicedependsonthespecificsurroundings.A.Spokenwebrequiresmorepersonalitytobecomepopular.B.Butwhatarethechallengesofmovingto”thespokenweb“?C.Itisalsopossibletosearchfordifferentinformationyouneed.D.Thebenefitsofusingvoiceobviouslydependonthecontext.E.Theinformaltoneoftheassistanthelpscreateanemotionalattachment.F.Buttohaveaconversationwithusersondiversetopicsisalongwayoff.G.Peoplewhocan’treadcanalsoobtaininformationusingthespokenweb.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfavouriterockbandgracedthetown.Iheadedtotheconcertwiththedesireto___21___myyouth.Atthattime,Iwasn’texactlydepressed,butinmiddleage,Ihadcometobelievethatallthebigmomentsinmylifewere___22___me.Fromthefirstsong,Iwas___23___bythecomplexityofJon’snew,innovativemusic,andIrealizedthatJonandhisbandwerealmostthesame___24___asme.Butunlikeme,theywerecontinuingtodevelop___25___.Astheconcertwenton,IbeganthinkingthatIshouldalsoexploreinnew,untried___26___.Iftheycouldhugchange,whycouldn’tI?Thefollowingday,Ieagerlydownloadedtheirnewalbum.Ifoundthesong‘WelcometoWhereverYouAre’___27___inspiring,sinceitseemedtospeakdirectlytomysituation.Thewordsencouragedmybeliefinthepowerofuntappedpotential.AsIlistened,Iresolvedto___28___myownhorizonsandpushmyselftowardsnewgoals.Withinfourmonths,Ihadproudlypublishedmyfirstshortstory.Anothersuccesssoon___29___,andthenapoemI___30___aboutsummergivingwaytofallwonanationalaward.___31___bythatsuccess,Iwroteachildren’sbook,foundapublisher,andthebookremainsin___32___evennow.This___33___journeyallbeganatthatJon’sconcert,wherewhatIthoughtwasadestinationturnedouttobea(n)___34___.Takingthe___35___pathhasledmetoincredible,newplaces,andthereisstillmuch undiscoveredterritoryawaitingme.21.A.forgetB.concludeC.analyzeD.revisit22.A.behindB.beyondC.aboveD.below23.A.struckB.painedC.confusedD.annoyed24.A.hobbyB.characterC.ageD.talent25.A.physicallyB.creativelyC.mentallyD.emotionally26.A.desertsB.professionsC.directionsD.occupations27.A.finallyB.especiallyC.hardlyD.hopefully28.A.discoverB.respectC.understandD.stretch29.A.followedB.disappearedC.escapedD.admitted30.A.appreciatedB.discoveredC.pennedD.established31.A.SettledB.EncouragedC.ShockedD.Defeated32.A.printB.progressC.considerationD.decision33.A.riskyB.transformativeC.wastedD.plain34.A.holidayB.taskC.obstacleD.crossroad35.A.unbearableB.unreachableC.unfamiliarD.untouchable第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,总分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词,或括号内单词的正确形式。InSeptember,UNESCODirector-GeneralAudreyvisitedZhoukoudianinBeijing.Shewasfullofpraise___36___aspecialstructurewhich___37___(successful)protectedYuanrendongCavefromanunusualrainstorminJuly.Thekarstcave___38___(reveal)thefossilizedremainsof40individualssofar.Thestructureprotectsthesitefromtheextremeweather,secretary-generalQinChangweisaidatthe2ndWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritageForum.“___39___providesareferencefortheprotectionofculturalrelics,andsuggests___40___(measure)forhelpingheritagesitesrespondtotheinfluenceofclimatechange.”Organizedbyvariousorganizations,___41___forumbroughttogethersome50professionalstodiscusstheprotectionand___42___(sustain)developmentofheritagesites.“Climatechangehasbeenthesubjectofin-depthdiscussionbytheUNESCOWorldHeritageCommittee.Questionslikehowtobalancehumansandnature,howtorespondtonaturaldisasters___43___whatnewchallengesthisbringstoWorldHeritageSitesareworth___44___(consider),”saysQin.“Addressingtheissuerequiresmulti-sectoralandinterdisciplinarycooperation,makingfulluseofcutting-edgetechnologyandjointly___45___(develop)riskpreventionandresponseplans,”headds. 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.春节期间你所在的居委会邀请了舞狮队去社区进行新春祝福。假如你是学校英文报的记者，请你结合此次活动，写一份英文报道，内容包括：1.活动的过程；2.活动意义。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everymorninghesatquietlyandmotionlessonthefrontstepsofhishouse.Hisbrightblueeyesseemedsodistantandsad.Everymorning,mydaughterandIwalkedtoherkindergartenandwepassedhishouse.Wewerenewtotheneighbourhood,soIdidn’tknowmanyofmyneighbours.Ononebeautifulmorning,aswepassedhishouse,mydaughterjoyfullycalledouttohim,‘Hi,Mr.Man!’Shewasanoutgoinggirl,andIwasn’tsurprisedathercheerfulness,butherenthusiasmsoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherorsay‘Hi’back.Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughtercuriouslyaskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.Stumblingforwords,becauseIdidn’thavetheanswer,Isaidsimply,‘Maybeheishavingabadday.’Oncebackhome,Iwashedthebreakfastdishes,andIthoughtabout‘Mr.Man.’Whatwashisstory?Whydidheseemsosad?Determinedtodosomethingtocheerhimup,Ibrainstormedafewwaystomakehisdayabitbrighter,butnothingseemedspecialenough.Thenextmorning,afterdroppingmydaughteroffatschool,Isawoneofmyotherneighbourstendingherfrontgarden.AfterIintroducedmyself,sheinvitedmeinforachat.Shewasalong-timeresidentoftheneighbourhood,whokneweveryoneandeverything.Shewasabubblypersonality,butwhenIaskedheraboutthemanwholivednearby,shegrewserious.‘Bobrecentlylosthiswifeinacaraccident.Hehasn’tbeenthesamesince.’Thefollowingweekseemedtoflyby.Ihadtalkedtomydaughteraboutwhatwecoulddotobringasmileto Mr.Man’sface.注意:1.续写的词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:WitheverysuggestionImade,mydaughtersimplysaid‘No,notthat.’_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Inside,inperfectcalligraphy,itsimplyread,‘Thankyou,fromMr.Man.’_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2023学年顺德区普通高中高三教学质量检测(二)英语试题2024.2本试卷共8页,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将答题卡上的相应位置填涂考生号。因听说另考,试题从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始,试题号从“21”开始。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需要改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案写在试卷上无效。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需要改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnneFrankWalkingTour—360AmsterdamToursDescriptionAsoneofthemosttolerantcitiesinEurope,Amsterdambecamethe“safeplace”oftheJewishcommunityduringthe16thand17thcenturies.Inthis2-hourtour,ourexpertguidefrom360AmsterdamwillrelatethepastofacitythatsufferedthehorrorsofWorldWarII,throughtheperspectiveofAnneFrank.DiscoverthestoryofAnne’sdiaryandhowitwaspublished.FindouthowtheDutchtreatedtheJewsofAmsterdam,asinthecaseofAnneFrank.ThetourshowstheoldJewishQuartertotheAnneFrankHouse.Ourprofessionalguideswillbringhistorytolifeandnarratehowthingsunfoldedduringthesetimesofterror.Recommended:ForpeopleinterestedinEuropeanhistory.What’sincluded?•LocalguideinEnglish(Spanish,German,Italian,French,PortugueseandDutch). •AwalkingtouraboutAnneFrankandW.W.IIthroughoutthehistoricalsitesofAmsterdam.What’snotincluded?•EntrancetickettotheAnneFrankHouse•FoodandBeverages•Transportation•Tipstotheguide•EntrancetickettotheJewishMuseumandthePortugueseSynagogueAdditionalinformationPleasearriveatthemeetingpoint15minutesbeforethedepartureofthetourandbuyyourticketsonlineinadvance.TicketstotheAnneFrankHousemustbepurchasedinadvanceandonlineasthereareassignedtimeslotstoenterthemuseum.MeetingpointTourStarts:NieuweAmstelstraat1—infrontoftheJewishMuseum.Lookfortheorangeumbrellasfrom360AmsterdamTours.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthetour?A.Bringinghistorytolife.B.ShowcasingDutchtraditions.C.Exploringmodernarchitecture.D.DiscoveringfamousDutchwriters.2.Whatisincludedinthethe2-hourtourpackage?A.Tipstotheexpertguide.B.Aguidedwalkingtour.C.Freefoodandbeverages.D.Freeadmissiontothemuseum.3.Whatisadvisedforthetouristsregardingthetour?A.Holdinganorangeumbrella.B.Buyingticketsattheentrance.C.Bookingticketsaheadoftime.D.Enteringthemuseum15minutesearlier.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一次阿姆斯特丹徒步旅行的相关事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Description部分第二段“ThetourshowstheoldJewishQuartertotheAnneFrankHouse.Ourprofessionalguideswillbringhistorytolifeandnarratehowthingsunfoldedduringthesetimesofterror.( 参观团将带您参观古老的犹太区，参观安妮·弗兰克故居。我们的专业导游将把历史带到生活中，讲述在这些恐怖时期发生的事情)”可知，本次旅行的重点是使历史生动再现。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章What’sincluded?部分“•LocalguideinEnglish(Spanish,German,Italian,French,PortugueseandDutch)(•英语当地导游(西班牙语、德语、意大利语、法语、葡萄牙语和荷兰语))”及“•AwalkingtouraboutAnneFrankandW.W.IIthroughoutthehistoricalsitesofAmsterdam.(•一次关于安妮·弗兰克和二战的徒步游览，贯穿阿姆斯特丹的历史遗址)”可知，2小时游览套餐中包含了一场由导游带领的步行游览。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Additionalinformation部分“Pleasearriveatthemeetingpoint15minutesbeforethedepartureofthetourandbuyyourticketsonlineinadvance.(请在出发前15分钟到达集合点，提前在网上购票)”可知，建议游客提前订票。故选C项。BHeisaChinesesuperstar,apianogeniuswhohassoldmillionsofalbumsworldwide.LangLanghasalsousedhisfameandfortunetohelpstateschoolsaroundtheworldthatlackmusic,warningata2019awardsceremonyinLondonthatsuchlessonshadbecome“arealchallenge”forchildreninthemostdisadvantagedcommunities.NowheisbringingmusictoBritishstateschoolsinanambitiousprojectthatwillsetupmodern“pianolabs”inneedyschoolsacrossthenation.Eachlabwillhave20to30keyboards.TheplanisinspiredbyhisprogrammesintheUSandChina,inwhichhehasinvestedtensofmillionsofpounds.IntheUS,hehassetuppianolabsin86schools,giving70,000kidsaccesstokeyboards.InChina,hehasinstalledthemin104schools,enabling110,000childrentomakemusic.Thisisprimarilyforpupilsagedsevento12.ThefirstUKschooltobenefitistheWinnsprimaryschoolinWalthamForest,London’s12thpoorestarea.Itwillreceive30keyboardswithinthenextfewweeks.EverylabisaccompaniedbyacurriculumcreatedbytheRoyalConservatoryofMusicofTorontoandLangLang,withongoingteacher-training,financialsupport,andheadphones,allowinggrouppianoclasses.AskedwhatinspiredhimtosupportUKschools,Langtoldthereporter:“WewereabletoidentifymanysimilaritiesbetweenstateschoolsintheUKandpublicschoolsintheUSintermsofthewayaccesstomusicandartscanbeextremelylimitedwhenbudgetsarecut…Iwassosurprisedbyhowmusicclassesareneverguaranteed.Theschoolsandteachersareincredible,andaresodedicatedtoprovidingtheirstudentswitheverythingtheycan.Butitshockedmehowaccesstomusiceducationcanbesolimited.” HischarityquotestheGreekphilosopherAristotle:“Musichasthepowerofproducingacertaineffectonthemoralcharacterofthesoul,andifithasthepowertodothis,itisclearthattheyoungmustbedirectedtomusicandmustbeeducatedinit.”LangLangsaid:“WhenIvisitourpartnerschoolsandseethejoyonthestudents’facesorhearfromourteachersabouttheprogressstudentsaremaking,I’mremindedofwhywecreatedthisprogramme—togivechildrenanopportunitytodiscoverwhatthey’recapableofachievingandtofindtheirvoicesthroughmusic.”4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toofferbackgroundinformation.B.Tointroduceanargument.C.TodiscussLangLang’splans.D.TohighlightLangLang’sreputation.5.WhichschoolswillLangLanghelpinBritain?A.Privateschools.B.Ambitiousschools.C.Remoteschools.D.Disadvantagedschools.6.WhydidLangLangdecidetosupportschoolsinBritain?A.Theteachersaredoingagoodjob.B.Musicclassesaren’talwaysavailable.C.Thebudgetsarealwaysbeingcut.D.Theschoolsarededicatedtohelpingstudents.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LangLang—akindandcaringpianistB.LangLangteachestheworldtoplaypianoC.ChinesesuperstarbringsmusictoBritishkidsD.Chinesepianogeniuslooksforfuturepianostars【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了音乐家朗朗为英国的一些缺乏乐器设备的学校所做的贡献。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“HeisaChinesesuperstar,apianogeniuswhohassoldmillionsofalbumsworldwide.LangLanghasalsousedhisfameandfortunetohelpstateschoolsaroundtheworldthatlackmusic,warningata2019awardsceremonyinLondonthatsuchlessonshadbecome“arealchallenge”forchildreninthemostdisadvantagedcommunities.（他是中国的超级巨星，一个钢琴天才，在全球销售了数百万张专辑。郎朗还利用自己的名声和财富帮助世界各地缺乏音乐的公立学校，他在2019年伦敦 的一个颁奖典礼上警告说，这些课程已经成为最弱势社区儿童的“真正挑战”。）”可知，本段主要介绍了钢琴天才朗朗的一些基本信息，可推知，本段的目的是提供一些背景信息。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“NowheisbringingmusictoBritishstateschoolsinanambitiousprojectthatwillsetupmodern“pianolabs”inneedyschoolsacrossthenation.（现在，他正在把音乐带到英国公立学校，这是一个雄心勃勃的项目，将在全国各地的贫困学校建立现代“钢琴实验室”。）”可知，在英国，朗朗帮助的是那些贫困学校，故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“AskedwhatinspiredhimtosupportUKschools,Langtoldthereporter:“WewereabletoidentifymanysimilaritiesbetweenstateschoolsintheUKandpublicschoolsintheUSintermsofthewayaccesstomusicandartscanbeextremelylimitedwhenbudgetsarecut…Iwassosurprisedbyhowmusicclassesareneverguaranteed.Theschoolsandteachersareincredible,andaresodedicatedtoprovidingtheirstudentswitheverythingtheycan.Butitshockedmehowaccesstomusiceducationcanbesolimited.（当被问及是什么促使他支持英国的学校时，郎朗告诉记者：“我们发现英国的公立学校和美国的公立学校有很多相似之处，在预算削减的情况下，音乐和艺术的机会非常有限……我很惊讶为什么音乐课从来没有得到保证。学校和老师都很棒，他们竭尽所能地为学生提供一切。但让我震惊的是，接受音乐教育的机会竟然如此有限。”）”可知，朗朗发现英国的公立学校在预算削减的情况下，音乐和艺术的机会非常有限，这使得他有了要支持英国学校的想法，即朗朗决定帮助支持英国的学校是这些学校的音乐课不能得到保证。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章在第一段中交代了钢琴天才——朗朗的一些信息，进而在接下来的段落中提到了朗朗计划在英国的贫困学校设立“钢琴实验室”的事情和朗朗决定帮助这些学校的动机及朗朗希望他的帮助行为能够实现的，结合第三段的“IntheUS,hehassetuppianolabsin86schools,giving70,000kidsaccesstokeyboards. (在美国，他在86所学校建立了钢琴实验室，让7万名孩子接触到琴键)”，所以本文的标题应为“中国巨星把音乐带给了英国的孩子”，故选C。CDifferentforestsinthewesternUnitedStateshaveuniquecombinationsoftreesandbirds.Onetypehasbroad-leavedtreeslikeashandcottonwood,alongwithkingbirds.Anohertypehasevergreentreeslikepineandwhitespruce,alongwithjuncos.Ecologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturyonceclaimedtheseecologicalcommunitieswerepreciselybalancedsystems,whereeveryspecieshadaspecificroletoplayinacomplexmachine.Theybelievedthatremovingoraddinganyplant,bird,orinsect,coulddisruptthisbalanceandharmthe habitat.OneofthesepioneerecologistswasFrederickClements,whobelievedthatinaspecificclimatearea,ecologicalcommunitiesgraduallymovedtowardthemostbalancedandintegratedgroupofspeciesinthatregion.Clementswaschallengedbyanotherpioneerecologist,HenryGleason,whotooktheoppositeview.Gleasonviewedthecommunityaslargelyagroupofspecieswithsimilartolerancestothestressesgivenbyclimateandotherfactorstypicaloftheregion.Gleasonthoughtchanceplayedabigroleinwherespecieslived.Hisconceptsuggeststhatnatureisnothighlyintegrated.Eachspeciesisrespondingindividuallytoitssurroundings.Gleasonthoughtthingscouldchangeindifferentways,dependinguponlocalconditions.Whowasright?ItnowappearsthatGleasonwasmoreaccuratethanClements.Theecologicalcommunityismostlyarandomcollectionofspecieswithsimilarresponsestoaparticularclimate.Ashtreesarefoundinassociationwithcottonwoodtreesbecausebothcansurvivewellonfloodplainsandthecompetitionbetweenthemisnotsostrongthatonlyonecansurvive.Thisisnottosaythatpreciseharmoniesarenotpresentwithincommunities.Mostfloweringplantsrelyonpollinators(传粉者).Butifweseeaprecisebalanceofnature,itislargelyaproductofourperception,duetothefalsebeliefthatnature,especiallyacomplexsystemlikeaforest,seemssounchangingfromonedaytothenext.8.Early20thcenturyecologistscommonlyclaimedthat___________.A.eachspeciesplaysaspecificroleinthecommunityB.newspeciesneedtobeaddedascommunitiesdevelopC.maintainingprecisebalanceincommunityischallengingD.itisimportanttoprotectcommunitiesbyremovingcertainspecies9.AccordingtoGleason,whatinfluenceswherespecieslive?A.Howindividualisticthespeciesis.B.Theirabilitytotoleratethestressesthere.C.Thenumberofsimilarspeciespresent.D.Theirwaystointegratewithotherspecies.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontwokindsoftreesinparagraph3?A.Toshowgreaterspeciesvarietyinfloodplains.B.ToprovideevidencetosupportClements’theory.C.Togiveanexampleofspeciesthatprefertoliveonfloodplains.D.Tosupportthecurrentviewonhowecologicalcommunitiesdevelop.11.Theunderlinedword“perception”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto____________.A.cultureB.environmentC.understandingD.education【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了以前和现在的科学家对于生态群落的不同看法，比较了二者的区别，指出了其中的错误。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ecologistsintheearlytwentiethcenturyonceclaimedtheseecologicalcommunitieswerepreciselybalancedsystems,whereeveryspecieshadaspecificroletoplayinacomplexmachine.Theybelievedthatremovingoraddinganyplant,bird,orinsect,coulddisruptthisbalanceandharmthehabitat.(20世纪初的生态学家曾声称，这些生态群落是精确平衡的系统，其中每个物种在复杂的机器中都扮演着特定的角色。他们认为，移除或添加任何植物、鸟类或昆虫都会破坏这种平衡，损害栖息地)”可知，20世纪早期的生态学家普遍认为每个物种在群落中扮演着特定的角色。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Gleasonviewedthecommunityaslargelyagroupofspecieswithsimilartolerancestothestressesgivenbyclimateandotherfactorstypicaloftheregion.(格里森认为这个群落主要是一群对气候和该地区典型因素所带来的压力具有相似耐受性的物种)”可知，根据格里森的说法，抗压能力影响了物种的生存。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whowasright?ItnowappearsthatGleasonwasmoreaccuratethanClements.Theecologicalcommunityismostlyarandomcollectionofspecieswithsimilarresponsestoaparticularclimate.Ashtreesarefoundinassociationwithcottonwoodtreesbecausebothcansurvivewellonfloodplainsandthecompetitionbetweenthemisnotsostrongthatonlyonecansurvive.(谁是对的？现在看来格里森比克莱门茨更准确。生态群落主要是对特定气候有相似反应的物种的随机集合。人们发现白蜡树与白杨树有关联，因为两者都能在洪泛区很好地生存，而且它们之间的竞争不会激烈到只有一种树能生存)”可知，作者在第三段提到了两种树是为了支持当前关于生态群落如何发展的观点。故选D。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“duetothefalsebeliefthatnature,especiallyacomplexsystemlikeaforest,seemssounchangingfromonedaytothenext”可知，我们错误地认为自然，尤其是像森林这样的复杂系统，似乎每天都是不变的，这属于我们对自然的错误理解，故划线词意思是“理解”。故选C。DCuriosity—thedesiretoknow,todiscover,tolearn.Inspiredbycuriosity,humansarefoundeverywhereonourplanet,andbeyonditinspace.YetaccordingtohumanbehaviouristandauthorofCurious,IanLeslie,althoughweareallborncurious,notallofusbringthisintoadulthood,andwecanloseoutasaresult.AsLeslieexplains,curiosityshapesusfromthestart.Bytryingnewthings,webuildknowledge,andwantto knowmore.“Wearebornawarethatwedon’tknowstuff—wewanttoexperienceanddiscover.”However,thecontrastbetweenchildhoodandadulthoodisclear.“Weask40,000questionsayearbetweentheagesoftwoandfive,”saysLeslie—around110eachday;adults,incomparison,askjust20.Aswegetolder,wemayfeelhesitantaboutaskingquestions,believingthisrevealsgapsinourknowledge.Wecanbecomescaredtoshareunconventionalideasforfearofcriticismormisunderstanding.Wecanalsobeavictimofoursuccess,asLeslieexplains.“Onceyou’veworkedouthowtodoyourjob,thenyoudon’tfeelcuriousanymore.Theneedtolearngoesaway—inaway,curiosityhasdoneitsjob.Butthatdoesn’tmeanyoushouldn’tcultivateit.”Leslie’stipsforcultivatingcuriositybeginwithspendingtimewiththeexperts—children.“Talktoyourkids,andtrytoanswerthoseweird,difficultquestionstheyhave—like‘Whatisair?’Thismakesyouthinkaboutthingsyou’vetakenforgranted—itreawakensyourcuriosityinwhat’saroundusandhowweperceivetheworld.”SodoesfindingwhatLesliecallsan‘informalmentor’,throughworkorothercircles,whoishappytosharetheirexpertise,fromaskill,technology,toafieldoflearning.“Trytothinkofpeoplethewaychildrenthinkofadults—assourcesofsecretknowledge,agreatstoreoflearningyoucantapinto,”saysLeslie.Lesliealsosuggestscreatinga‘sparkfile’—adigitalorphysicalnotebookinwhichyoucollectinterestingthoughts.“Fillitwithfactsyou’vecomeacross,sentencesyoulike,insightsthatstrikeyou.Letitberandom.Andletitbuild.Overtimeyou’llbuilduparichsourceofinspiration,andyou’llthink,‘Ohthat’sinteresting,thatrelatestothis…’Andsuddenlyyourmindstartsfiringawaywithnewideasandwaysofthinking.”12.AccordingtoLesliewhathappensaswegetolder?A.Wegraduallyloseournaturalcuriosity.B.Wearelessawareofourknowledgegaps.C.Weareunwillingtoletothersbenefitfromourideas.D.Wemaythinkaskingquestionsmakespeoplefoolish.13.WhichofthefollowingsayingsmightLeslieagreewith?A.Aday’splanningisbestdoneatdaybreak.B.Intheeyesofalover,XiShiwillappear.C.Amastercanleadyoutothedoor,buttherestisuptoyou.D.Whenthreepeoplewalktogether,onecansurelybemyteacher.14.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofa‘sparkfile’? A.Itiscarefullyorganized.B.Itcanhelppeopleconnectideas.C.Itonlycontainscompletesentences.D.Itcanhelppeopleimprovetheirmemory.15.Whatisthewriter’saiminthispassage?A.ToproveIanLeslie’sarguments.B.TosummariseIanLeslie’sviewpoint.C.ToquestionIanLeslie’sconclusions.D.TointroduceIanLeslie’sachievements.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人类行为学家IanLeslie关于好奇心的观点及如何培养好奇心。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Aswegetolder,wemayfeelhesitantaboutaskingquestions,believingthisrevealsgapsinourknowledge.(随着年龄的增长，我们可能会对提问感到犹豫，认为这揭示了我们的知识空白)”可知，Leslie认为长大后我们可能认为提出问题会使我们看起来很愚蠢。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段内容，结合本段中“Leslie’stipsforcultivatingcuriositybeginwithspendingtimewiththeexperts—children.(Leslie培养好奇心的建议是从花时间和专家——孩子们——在一起开始的)”及“Thismakesyouthinkaboutthingsyou’vetakenforgranted—itreawakensyourcuriosityinwhat’saroundusandhowweperceivetheworld.(这会让你思考你认为理所当然的事情——它会重新唤醒你对我们周围的事物以及我们如何看待世界的好奇心)”可知，Leslie建议和孩子们在一起来培养好奇心，由此可推知他会同意D项观点“三人行，必有我师”。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Lesliealsosuggestscreatinga‘sparkfile’—adigitalorphysicalnotebookinwhichyoucollectinterestingthoughts.(Leslie还建议创建一个‘火花文件’——一个可以收集有趣想法的电子或实体笔记本)”及“Overtimeyou’llbuilduparichsourceofinspiration,andyou’llthink,‘Ohthat’sinteresting,thatrelatestothis…’(随着时间的推移，你会建立一个丰富的灵感来源，你会想，‘哦，这很有趣，这和这个有关……’)”可知，“火花文件”可以帮助人们把想法联系起来。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“YetaccordingtohumanbehaviouristandauthorofCurious,IanLeslie,althoughweareallborncurious,notallofusbringthisintoadulthood,andwecanloseoutasaresult.(然而，根据人类行为学家、《好奇》一书的作者IanLeslie的说法，尽管我们生来就有好奇心，但并不是所有人都会在成年后变得好奇，因此我们可能会因此而失败)”可知，本文主要介绍了IanLeslie关于好奇心的观点。故作者的目的是总结他的观点。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。We’regrowingmoreusedtochattingtoourcomputers,phonesandsmartspeakersthroughvoiceassistants.Outoftheseassistants,Siriisthemostwell-knownspokenweb.Blindpeoplehavebeenusingtext-to-speechassistantfordecades.___16___Somethinkvoicecouldsoontakeoverfromclickingasthemainwaytointeractonline.Theybelieveonlineinteractionwouldsoondependmainlyonvoice.___17___Buildingthespokenweb—web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web—isbynomeansaneasytask.Forsoftwaretoanswersimplequestionsabouttheweatherandplaymusicforusiseasy.___18___Artificialintelligenceisn’tsmartenoughyet.Eventurningyourvoiceintotextisoneofthehardestproblemstosolve.Thereareasmanywaystopronouncethingsastherearepeopleontheplanet.Usingvoiceinteractionfeelsfarcloserthansurfingthenettheold-fashionedway.___19___Butifsomethingspeaks,itmustalsolisten.Ourphonesarealwaysnearusandtheyareconstantlycollectingtheirpersonalinformation.Thishasalreadyraisedprivacyconcerns.Peopleworryassistantswillonedaybeusedtodeliveradvertisingdirectlytous.___20___Inenvironmentswhenone’shandsareoccupied,suchaswhiledrivingorcooking,thespokenwebishelpful.Thinkaboutwhenyouarecooking,itisnaturaltotalk.Andspeechobviouslymakessensewhenyouaredriving.Ontheotherhand,inaquietlibrary,usingvoicecommandstoaskaquestionmaynotbeassuitableastyping,asitcoulddisturbothers.Theeffectivenessofusingvoicedependsonthespecificsurroundings.A.Spokenwebrequiresmorepersonalitytobecomepopular.B.Butwhatarethechallengesofmovingto”thespokenweb“?C.Itisalsopossibletosearchfordifferentinformationyouneed.D.Thebenefitsofusingvoiceobviouslydependonthecontext.E.Theinformaltoneoftheassistanthelpscreateanemotionalattachment.F.Buttohaveaconversationwithusersondiversetopicsisalongwayoff.G.Peoplewhocan’treadcanalsoobtaininformationusingthespokenweb.【答案】16.G17.B18.F19.E20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音网络的流行情况以及存在的挑战。【16题详解】根据上文“We’regrowingmoreusedtochattingtoourcomputers,phonesandsmartspeakersthroughvoice assistants.Outoftheseassistants,Siriisthemostwell-knownspokenweb.Blindpeoplehavebeenusingtext-to-speechassistantfordecades.(我们越来越习惯于通过语音助手与电脑、手机和智能音箱聊天。在这些助手中，Siri是最知名的语音网络。几十年来，盲人一直在使用文本转语音助手)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续举例说明语音助手在生活中的应用情况。故G选项“不能阅读的人也可以通过语音网络获取信息”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Somethinkvoicecouldsoontakeoverfromclickingasthemainwaytointeractonline.Theybelieveonlineinteractionwouldsoondependmainlyonvoice.(一些人认为，语音很快就会取代点击，成为在线互动的主要方式。他们认为，在线互动很快将主要依靠语音)”以及下一段“Buildingthespokenweb—web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web—isbynomeansaneasytask.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事)”可知，后文提到了建立语音网络绝不是一件容易的事，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出语音网络存在挑战。故B选项“但是转向“语音网络”的挑战是什么？”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Buildingthespokenweb—web-to-voiceandvoice-to-web—isbynomeansaneasytask.Forsoftwaretoanswersimplequestionsabouttheweatherandplaymusicforusiseasy.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事。对于软件来说，回答关于天气的简单问题和为我们播放音乐是很容易的)”以及后文“Artificialintelligenceisn’tsmartenoughyet.Eventurningyourvoiceintotextisoneofthehardestproblemstosolve.Thereareasmanywaystopronouncethingsastherearepeopleontheplanet.(人工智能还不够聪明。甚至把你的声音转换成文字也是最难解决的问题之一。地球上有多少人，就有多少种发音方法)”可知，上文提到了运用语音网络询问关于天气的简单问题，后文则提到了人工智能还不够聪明，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出存在的缺点。故F选项“但是与用户就不同的话题进行对话还有很长的路要走”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Usingvoiceinteractionfeelsfarcloserthansurfingthenettheold-fashionedway.(使用语音交互的感觉比老式的上网方式要亲近得多)”以及后文“Butifsomethingspeaks,itmustalsolisten.Ourphonesarealwaysnearusandtheyareconstantlycollectingtheirpersonalinformation.Thishasalreadyraisedprivacyconcerns.Peopleworryassistantswillonedaybeusedtodeliveradvertisingdirectlytous.(但如果有东西说话，它也必须倾听。我们的手机总是在我们身边，它们不断地收集我们的个人信息。这已经引起了人们对隐私的担忧。人们担心助理有一天会被用来直接向我们发送广告)”可知，本句承接上文，说明语音互动可以带来的亲密感，故E选项“助手的非正式语气有助于建立情感依恋”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】 根据后文“Inenvironmentswhenone’shandsareoccupied,suchaswhiledrivingorcooking,thespokenwebishelpful.Thinkaboutwhenyouarecooking,itisnaturaltotalk.Andspeechobviouslymakessensewhenyouaredriving.Ontheotherhand,inaquietlibrary,usingvoicecommandstoaskaquestionmaynotbeassuitableastyping,asitcoulddisturbothers.Theeffectivenessofusingvoicedependsonthespecificsurroundings.(在双手被占用的环境中，比如开车或做饭时，语音网络很有帮助。想想当你做饭的时候，说话是很自然的。当你开车的时候，说话显然是有意义的。另一方面，在安静的图书馆里，使用语音命令提问可能不如打字那么合适，因为它可能会打扰别人。使用声音的有效性取决于特定的环境)”可知，后文提到了使用语音的不同环境，有的环境里使用语音很方便，而有的环境会打扰别人，说明使用语音取决于环境。故D选项“使用语音的好处显然取决于环境”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfavouriterockbandgracedthetown.Iheadedtotheconcertwiththedesireto___21___myyouth.Atthattime,Iwasn’texactlydepressed,butinmiddleage,Ihadcometobelievethatallthebigmomentsinmylifewere___22___me.Fromthefirstsong,Iwas___23___bythecomplexityofJon’snew,innovativemusic,andIrealizedthatJonandhisbandwerealmostthesame___24___asme.Butunlikeme,theywerecontinuingtodevelop___25___.Astheconcertwenton,IbeganthinkingthatIshouldalsoexploreinnew,untried___26___.Iftheycouldhugchange,whycouldn’tI?Thefollowingday,Ieagerlydownloadedtheirnewalbum.Ifoundthesong‘WelcometoWhereverYouAre’___27___inspiring,sinceitseemedtospeakdirectlytomysituation.Thewordsencouragedmybeliefinthepowerofuntappedpotential.AsIlistened,Iresolvedto___28___myownhorizonsandpushmyselftowardsnewgoals.Withinfourmonths,Ihadproudlypublishedmyfirstshortstory.Anothersuccesssoon___29___,andthenapoemI___30___aboutsummergivingwaytofallwonanationalaward.___31___bythatsuccess,Iwroteachildren’sbook,foundapublisher,andthebookremainsin___32___evennow.This___33___journeyallbeganatthatJon’sconcert,wherewhatIthoughtwasadestinationturnedouttobea(n)___34___.Takingthe___35___pathhasledmetoincredible,newplaces,andthereisstillmuchundiscoveredterritoryawaitingme.21.A.forgetB.concludeC.analyzeD.revisit22.A.behindB.beyondC.aboveD.below 23.A.struckB.painedC.confusedD.annoyed24.A.hobbyB.characterC.ageD.talent25.A.physicallyB.creativelyC.mentallyD.emotionally26.A.desertsB.professionsC.directionsD.occupations27.A.finallyB.especiallyC.hardlyD.hopefully28.A.discoverB.respectC.understandD.stretch29.A.followedB.disappearedC.escapedD.admitted30.A.appreciatedB.discoveredC.pennedD.established31.A.SettledB.EncouragedC.ShockedD.Defeated32.A.printB.progressC.considerationD.decision33.A.riskyB.transformativeC.wastedD.plain34.A.holidayB.taskC.obstacleD.crossroad35.A.unbearableB.unreachableC.unfamiliarD.untouchable【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.C25.B26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者人到中年去听曾经喜欢的乐队的音乐会，音乐会之后作者受到鼓舞，开启了自己的写作生涯，并取得了许多成就。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着重温青春的愿望去听音乐会。A.forget忘记；B.conclude下结论；C.analyze分析；D.revisit重游。根据后文“butinmiddleage”作者如今已经中年了，所以是去重温青春的。故选D。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：在那个时候，我并不是很沮丧，但是到了中年，我开始相信我生命中的所有重要时刻都已经过去了。A.behind在后面；B.beyond超越；C.above越过；D.below在下面。根据上文“inmiddleage,Ihadcometobelievethatallthebigmomentsinmylifewere”提到作者已经到了中年，所以是认为生命中重要的时刻都已经过去了，behind此处理解为在身后，即过去了。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从第一首歌开始，我就被Jon新颖创新的音乐的复杂性所震撼，我意识到Jon和他的乐队几乎和我一样大。A.struck打击；B.pained使痛苦；C.confused使困惑；D.annoyed惹恼。根据后文描述“bythecomplexityofJon’snew,innovativemusic”可知，Jon 新颖创新的音乐的复杂性震撼了作者，struck符合语境。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从第一首歌开始，我就被Jon新颖创新的音乐的复杂性所震撼，我意识到Jon和他的乐队几乎和我一样大。A.hobby爱好；B.character性格；C.age年龄；D.talent才能。根据上文“inmiddleage”以及“Jonandhisbandwerealmostthesame”可知，Jon和他的乐队几乎和作者的年纪一样大。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但与我不同的是，他们在继续创造性地发展。A.physically身体上；B.creatively创造性地；C.mentally精神上；D.emotionally情感上。呼应上文“innovativemusic”指乐队在继续创造性地发展。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着音乐会的进行，我开始想我也应该探索新的、没有尝试过的方向。A.deserts沙漠；B.professions职业；C.directions方向；D.occupations职业。根据最后一段“pathhasledmetoincredible,newplaces,andthereisstillmuchundiscoveredterritoryawaitingme”可知，这次音乐会让作者开始尝试人生新的方向了，故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我发现“WelcometowhereYouAre”这首歌特别鼓舞人心，因为它似乎直接反映了我的处境。A.finally最后；B.especially特别；C.hardly几乎不；D.hopefully有希望地。根据后文“sinceitseemedtospeakdirectlytomysituation”可知，这首歌似乎直接反映了作者的处境，所以显得特别鼓舞人心，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：听着听着，我决心拓展自己的视野，推动自己朝着新的目标前进。A.discover发现；B.respect尊重；C.understand理解；D.stretch延伸。根据后文“myownhorizonsandpushmyselftowardsnewgoals”指作者受到鼓舞，决心拓展自己的视野，推动自己朝着新的目标前进。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我又获得了一次成功，我写一首关于夏天被秋天取代的诗获得了全国奖项。A.followed跟随；B.disappeared消失；C.escaped逃走；D.admitted承认。根据上文“Withinfourmonths,Ihadproudlypublishedmyfirstshortstory.(不到四个月，我就自豪地发表了我的第一篇短篇小说)”以及后文“fallwonanationalaward”可知，作者先是出版了第一个短故事，然后第二次成功紧接着来了，故选A。【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我又获得了一次成功，我写的一首关于夏天被秋天取代的诗获得了全国奖项。A.appreciated感激；B.discovered发现；C.penned写；D.established建立。根据上文“thenapoemI”此处指作者写的诗歌，应用动词pen。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种成功的鼓舞下，我写了一本儿童读物，找到了一家出版商，这本书至今仍在印刷。A.Settled解决；B.Encouraged鼓舞；C.Shocked震惊；D.Defeated打败。根据后文“Iwroteachildren’sbook”可知，作者受到成功的鼓舞，又写了一本儿童读物。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种成功的鼓舞下，我写了一本儿童读物，找到了一家出版商，这本书至今仍在印刷。A.print印刷；B.progress进步；C.consideration考虑；D.decision决定。根据上文“Iwroteachildren’sbook,foundapublisher”指作者的儿童读物如今还在印刷，应用inprint。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一转变之旅始于乔恩的音乐会，在那里，我以为是一个目的地，结果却是一个十字路口。A.risky冒险的；B.transformative转换性的；C.wasted浪费的；D.plain朴素的。根据上文“Thewordsencouragedmybeliefinthepowerofuntappedpotential.(这句话鼓励了我，让我相信未开发潜力的力量)”可知，作者听了音乐会受到了鼓舞，于是探索自己的潜能并获得了成功，是一次转变之旅。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一转变之旅始于乔恩的音乐会，在那里，我以为是一个目的地，结果却是一个十字路口。A.holiday假日；B.task任务；C.obstacle障碍；D.crossroad十字路口。根据上文“wherewhatIthoughtwasadestinationturnedouttobea(n)”以及作者在写作事业上取得了很大成功，可知作者本以为是一个目的地，结果成为了改变人生的十字路口。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条陌生的道路将我带到了令人难以置信的新地方，还有许多未被发现的领域在等着我。A.unbearable难以忍受的；B.unreachable不能达到的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.untouchable达不到的。根据后文“incredible,newplaces”可知，带作者去新的地方的是那条他并不熟悉，没有涉足的道路。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,总分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词,或括号内单词的正确形式。InSeptember,UNESCODirector-GeneralAudreyvisitedZhoukoudianinBeijing.Shewasfullofpraise___36___aspecialstructurewhich___37___(successful)protectedYuanrendongCavefromanunusualrainstorm inJuly.Thekarstcave___38___(reveal)thefossilizedremainsof40individualssofar.Thestructureprotectsthesitefromtheextremeweather,secretary-generalQinChangweisaidatthe2ndWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritageForum.“___39___providesareferencefortheprotectionofculturalrelics,andsuggests___40___(measure)forhelpingheritagesitesrespondtotheinfluenceofclimatechange.”Organizedbyvariousorganizations,___41___forumbroughttogethersome50professionalstodiscusstheprotectionand___42___(sustain)developmentofheritagesites.“Climatechangehasbeenthesubjectofin-depthdiscussionbytheUNESCOWorldHeritageCommittee.Questionslikehowtobalancehumansandnature,howtorespondtonaturaldisasters___43___whatnewchallengesthisbringstoWorldHeritageSitesareworth___44___(consider),”saysQin.“Addressingtheissuerequiresmulti-sectoralandinterdisciplinarycooperation,makingfulluseofcutting-edgetechnologyandjointly___45___(develop)riskpreventionandresponseplans,”headds.【答案】36.for37.successfully38.hasrevealed39.It40.measures41.the42.sustainable43.and44.consideration45.developing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国因为周口店的建筑而受到称赞，因为它为文化遗产保护树立了一个好榜样。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：她对一个特殊的结构大加赞赏，该结构成功地保护了元人洞，使其免受7月份一场不寻常的暴雨的侵袭。根据句意和空前的praise可知，本空填介词for，praiseforsth.“赞赏某物”，为固定短语。故填for。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：她对一个特殊的结构大加赞赏，该结构成功地保护了元人洞，使其免受7月份一场不寻常的暴雨的侵袭。本空应填副词successfully“成功地”，作状语，修饰动词protected。故填successfully。【38题详解】考查动词时态、主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这个喀斯特洞穴已经发现了40具化石遗骸。根据句意和空后的时间状语sofar可知，reveal“揭示，显示，展示，露出” 这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态用现在完成时，主语Thekarstcave为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填hasrevealed。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：它为文物保护提供了参考，并提出了帮助遗址应对气候变化影响的措施。本空填代词It，指代前一句中的Thestructure，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。【40题详解】考查名词的数。句意：它为文物保护提供了参考，并提出了帮助遗址应对气候变化影响的措施。本空用名词measure“措施”，结合句意可知，措施不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作suggests的宾语。故填measures。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：论坛由多个组织主办，聚集了约50位专业人士，讨论文物保护和可持续发展的问题。forum“论坛”为可数名词，且此处为再次提到，用定冠词。故填the。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：论坛由多个组织主办，聚集了约50位专业人士，讨论文物保护和可持续发展的问题。本空用形容词sustainable“可持续的”，作定语，修饰development。故填sustainable。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：“气候变化一直是联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会深入讨论的主题。如何平衡人类与自然，如何应对自然灾害，以及自然灾害给世界遗产带来的新挑战，都值得我们思考。”秦说。空前的howtobalancehumansandnature,howtorespondtonaturaldisasters和空后的whatnewchallengesthisbringstoWorldHeritageSites为并列关系，本空用连词and连接。故填and。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：“气候变化一直是联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会深入讨论的主题。如何平衡人类与自然，如何应对自然灾害，以及自然灾害给世界遗产带来的新挑战，都值得我们思考。”秦说。worth作“值得，值”解时，是一个很常见，但又很特殊的叙述性形容词，通常在句中作表语，worth类似于介词用法，其后面要求有一个宾语，本空用不可数名词consideration“思考”，作宾语。故填consideration。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“解决这个问题需要多部门和跨学科的合作，充分利用尖端技术，共同制定风险预防和应对计划，”他补充说。本句谓语为requires“需要”，此处为非谓语动词，应用develop“研制”的动名词，multi-sectoralandinterdisciplinarycooperation、makingfulluseofcutting-edgetechnology和jointlydevelopingriskpreventionandresponseplans一起作requires的宾语。故填developing。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分) 46.春节期间你所在的居委会邀请了舞狮队去社区进行新春祝福。假如你是学校英文报的记者，请你结合此次活动，写一份英文报道，内容包括：1.活动的过程；2.活动的意义。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DuringtheSpringFestival,ourcommunitycommitteeheldaseriesofactivities,includinginvitingtheliondanceteamtosendusSpringFestivalblessings.Onthedayofthearrivaloftheliondanceteamtheirleaderfirstintroducedustothehistoryofliondance.Next,theybroughtusawonderfulliondanceperformance,whichimpressedusdeeply.Fromtheirperformance,wecanseethatonepersonwasthelion’sheadandtheotherwasthelion’stail,andtheycooperatedperfectlywitheachother.Throughthisactivity,welearnedmoreaboutChinesetraditionalcultureandweredeeplyproudofthem.Ibelievethatmoreandmorepeoplewilllikethemandpassthemon.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为学校英文报记者，结合春节期间自己所在的居委会邀请舞狮队去社区进行新春祝福的活动，写一份英文报道。【详解】1.词汇积累精彩的：wonderful→brilliant给某人留下印象：impresssb→makeanimpressiononsb以……为骄傲：beproudof→takepridein喜欢：like→befondof2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：DuringtheSpringFestival,ourcommunitycommitteeheldaseriesofactivities,includinginvitingthelion danceteamtosendusSpringFestivalblessings.拓展句：DuringtheSpringFestival,ourcommunitycommitteeheldaseriesofactivities,whichincludedinvitingtheliondanceteamtosendusSpringFestivalblessings.【点睛】【高分句型1】Next,theybroughtusawonderfulliondanceperformance,whichimpressedusdeeply.(运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)【高分句型2】Ibelievethatmoreandmorepeoplewilllikethemandpassthemon.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everymorning,hesatquietlyandmotionlessonthefrontstepsofhishouse.Hisbrightblueeyesseemedsodistantandsad.Everymorning,mydaughterandIwalkedtoherkindergartenandwepassedhishouse.Wewerenewtotheneighbourhood,soIdidn’tknowmanyofmyneighbours.Ononebeautifulmorning,aswepassedhishouse,mydaughterjoyfullycalledouttohim,‘Hi,Mr.Man!’Shewasanoutgoinggirl,andIwasn’tsurprisedathercheerfulness,butherenthusiasmsoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherorsay‘Hi’back.Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughtercuriouslyaskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.Stumblingforwords,becauseIdidn’thavetheanswer,Isaidsimply,‘Maybeheishavingabadday.’Oncebackhome,Iwashedthebreakfastdishes,andIthoughtabout‘Mr.Man.’Whatwashisstory?Whydidheseemsosad?Determinedtodosomethingtocheerhimup,Ibrainstormedafewwaystomakehisdayabitbrighter,butnothingseemedspecialenough.Thenextmorning,afterdroppingmydaughteroffatschool,Isawoneofmyotherneighbourstendingherfrontgarden.AfterIintroducedmyself,sheinvitedmeinforachat.Shewasalong-timeresidentoftheneighbourhood,whokneweveryoneandeverything.Shewasabubblypersonality,butwhenIaskedheraboutthemanwholivednearby,shegrewserious.‘Bobrecentlylosthiswifeinacaraccident.Hehasn’tbeenthesamesince.’Thefollowingweekseemedtoflyby.IhadtalkedtomydaughteraboutwhatwecoulddotobringasmiletoMr.Man’sface.注意:1.续写的词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:WitheverysuggestionImade,mydaughtersimplysaid‘No,notthat.’ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Inside,inperfectcalligraphy,itsimplyread,‘Thankyou,fromMr.Man.’_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】WitheverysuggestionImade,mydaughtersimplysaid‘No,notthat.’Undermyquestioning,shespokeherownmind.ShewantedtowriteaninvitationtoBobthisafternoon,invitinghimtocomeoverfortheevening.Icouldmakeanicedinnerforhim,andwecouldeatandtalkwithhimasafamily,sohewouldn’tbesosadandlonely.Thehappyatmosphereofthefamilycanmakepeoplefeelhappinessfromthebottomoftheirhearts.Intheevening,whenBobcameoverfordinnerwiththefamily,itwasalittleawkwardatfirst.Later,inourconversationandlaughter,Boblaughedindelight.Afterdinner,weinvitedhimtocomeoveroften.Thenextmorning,wereceivedaletter.Inside,inperfectcalligraphy,itsimplyread,‘Thankyou,fromMr.Man.’Whenweopenedtheletter,wesawthatitwaswrittenbyBob.WewerehappybecauseBobhadregainedhishopeforlife.Amonthlater,Bobcametoourhousewithagift.Myfamilywasveryhappy.Bobtoldusabouthisrecentsituation.Hesaiditwasmydaughtercheerfulnessandourfamily’swarmatmospherethatawokehim.Hehadbeguntoworkhardandlivehappily.Laterinthatevening,mydaughtersaidtomeproudly,“Mom,wehavebroughtasmiletoMr.Man’sface”.“Yes,wehavemadeit.”Igentlyhuggedherandsmiled.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的邻居鲍勃最近在一次车祸中失去了妻子，从那以后他就每天早上都伤心地一动不动地坐在家门口，沉默不语。作者了解到情况后，就和女儿一起想办法，最后成功让鲍勃重新振作了起来。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“对于我提出的每一个建议，她都简单地说:“不，不是那个。”可知，第一段可描写作者的女儿想出来办法帮助鲍勃。②由第二段首句内容“里面，用完美的书法简单地写着:“谢谢你，来自Mr.Man 。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家使得鲍勃重新燃起了对生活的希望，鲍勃很感激，我们也感到很欣慰。2.续写线索：想办法帮助Bob——邀请Bob来家做客——与Bob聊天使其高兴起来——Bob写信感谢——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①与某人谈话：talkwithsb/haveawordwithsb/talktosb②做饭：makedinner/cookthemeal③开始：begin/start情绪类①快乐：happy/pleased②孤单：lonely/friendless【点睛】[高分句型1]Intheevening,whenBobcameoverfordinnerwiththefamily,itwasalittleawkwardatfirst.（由连词when引导的时间状语从句）[高分句型2]WewerehappybecauseBobhadregainedhishopeforlife.（由because引导的原因状语从句）[高分句型3]Hesaiditwasmydaughtercheerfulnessandourfamily’swarmatmospherethatawokehim.（使用了itwas…that的强调句）