2022年湖南省常德市中考化学模拟试卷（一）（附答案详解）

《2022年湖南省常德市中考化学模拟试卷（一）（附答案详解）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

2022
ᓭḕὃᓄᔁ1.ᑡḄᓄᓄᓄḄA.⏀ᢵB.+,-./012C.ᡂ“#”D.34Ẇ62.ᑡ%&'()*Ḅ3.“7ᨵᜩ:ᙢ<ஹ>?Ḅ@ABCDEFGḄHI”ᑡJKLMNᳮPḄA.QR᪛⌼᪍B.V<⁐XYC.[\]^ᛛᧇD.ab᯼Ḅd\4.ᑡᱥfg?ᱥḄA.hiḄjkB.l>mᔠᱥC.opqᮞ>D.Ớ⏀5.᝞uᐗwᕜy⊤{ஹ|}~ᐗwḄᐵᑡK┯ḄA.{Ḅfᦪ17B.|Ḅ᪶᜜ᵯᦪ26C.|Ḅf55.85D.}~ᐗwXᡂ~ᓄᔠᱥ6.ᑡᱥfḄᳮ┯ḄA.llB.gC.⏚⏚D.>7.᝞uḄ“⊤ᒹ”ᓄ¡C6H6ஹ¢{ᓄ¡C6c16£¤⌕Ḅᓄ¦ᧇᑡᨵᐵK)*Ḅ

1

r?⇋A.ᑖᵫஹ®}~ᐗw¯ᡂB.®ᐗwḄfᑖᦪ±10%C.¢{ᙠjkᐙᑖd\¸ᡂ¹ºᓄ»>D.¢{ᵫ6E»6E{᪀ᡂ8.᝞uᡠÁÂÃᜮÅÆḄÇÈÅᐭᑮ┵Ì͸ÎÏkᳫÑÒḄ()ABcD┵ÌMnOZnHOHQkÈ22ÃᜮÅÆH0ÜH2sO4ßH2sO4qᮞ>22A.AB.BC.CD.D9.ᵬâãᑁåæᩞᧇèéêᩭḄìíjkḄᨵîᱥfᑭᵨñᓄᑺóô◀᝞uöN÷øùúḄûÁüu஺ᑡK)*ḄA.ᵬâḄᓄ¡C&OB.ᓄᓄḄᨬ
C.ᓄᑺD.ᡂᱥᐗḄᓄᔠ10.#ᑡ%&ᙠpH=2Ḅ,-.ᜧᐳ1Ḅ234A.C6ஹNO:ஹK+ஹNa+B.SOஹNO:ஹK+ஹ0H-C.COASOᓃMg2+ஹBa2+D.NHEஹC6ஹ0FஹK+11.GHIMgஹFeஹCuMNOPḄQRឋTUAᡠ⌱XYZ&[ᑮ]Ḅ234^2⚓Aᐳ21⚓

2A.MgஹCuஹFeSCU-.B.CuஹFeஹ`a⏚ஹMgS()4-.C.CuஹFeSCU-.ஹMgSCU-.D.FeஹMgSCU-.ஹCuSCU-.12.d◀f#ᑡᱥḄᩖAᡠᵨiᑺjklZmnḄ2()Upqᔠᱥ◀ᩖiᑺrklAsqᨵ,usvwxa⏚yzB{ᓄ|-.qᨵḄ}⏚|~ᐭ〉{ᓄ┛-.AwCᓄ}qᨵᓄ}vwḄᓄDᓄ┛qᨵ}⏚┛~,-AwA.AB.BC.C13.ᔣᨵ`⏚Ḅ⌲~ᐭNaOH-.,-.ḄpHᓄ᝞ᡠA#ᑡlmnḄ2()A.aᡠḄ-.ᨵḄ-2NaOHNaClB.bᡠḄ-.&⁐-.NaOH
ḄmLC.c⊤NaOH`⏚ា¢£ᐰD.aஹbஹcᡠḄ-.¥ᨵ.Na+ஹCr14.“§¨©ª”2§¨Ḅ⍝®A#ᑡᑴ°“§¨©ª”Ḅ®ᩞ²³´Ḅ2()A.ᜧ©B.µᱥ¶C.·ᬀD.ᾙᱏ15.ᙠ»¼½ᘤᑁ~ᐭᵬஹÁஹஹÂNᱥAᙠÃᩩÅ#ÆᓄÇAÈᔜᱥḄᓄ᝞A#ᑡlmnḄ2()

3质量小2OO஺ᵬÁᵬÁÈA.ËᓄÇGᓄᔠB.ÃGËḄᓄᑺC.ÌÁᱥᱥḄÍG3E2D.ḄÏᑖ2ᵬḄ2Ñ16.ᵨᓄÇᵨÓÔÕᡈ×ᦪÙḄÚE(1)ÛÜᨬÞḄOPᐗ஺(2)3ßà᪷%•(3)ã“2”ḄÚ2஺(4)ᓄååᐗḄᓄᔠ஺17.ᡃèᙠéêëìíᱥîAïðñ2§ᵨḄòᐹ஺ô£ᡂ#ᑡᔜ⚪E(1)᝞ᡠ᪗Ḅéêïðñᔜ÷ÅAPøOPᩞᧇḄ2(ᑏ×1NᓽüA#)APøᨵýᔠᡂᩞᧇḄ2o(2)ñÿ
ᵨᔠᵨᑴ⌼Ḅ஺(3)ḄᙠḄ┤"ᵨ#$⏚◀┤(Fe2()3)Ḅᳮ:(ᵨᓄ-./0⊤2)஺(4)ᑭᵨ┤Ḅᳮᙠ56789:ᨵ<ᵨ஺᝞“?@a-FeC”EFᵨG56HI"JKL“Mᔾᑺ”"PQRᔾᦈḄTᑖVW"Xᵨᓄ-.YZ[\ᵨ]^_`Ḅ“Mᔾᑺ”ᔲbᐰᜫᦔ"ᑏgZ[.Yh஺i4⚓"ᐳ21⚓

418.mnopqḄrstᑗvᐵ஺(1)ᙠxᨵTḄyz{ᐭF}~ᱥ"ᡂmn/"ᨵᓄḄ()஺A.yB.⏚┤C.ᓄD.$⏚(2)ᵬஹஹᱥḄm᝞ᡠ2"¡¢⚪hজP¤Ḅ¥¦;ঝtJC^"ᵬஹḄmᜧ©ª«hᵬ(“>"ᡈ“<”ᡈ"=");ঞt2°C^"±20gᵬ²ᐭ50gT"ᐙᑖᤅµ`"mnᒕ·Ḅᵬ¸¹◤gTm»ট᝞½ᵬᱥ¥ᨵ¹¾ᱥ"X⌕Àᵬ"
ÁᵨḄ.Y஺19.ÂÃÄ_"᧽ᬰÇÈÉÊ9-Ë஺ᙠÈÌÍÎÏÐᨵÑḄᓄ-¢⚪஺ÒÓÔ᝛Öᡈ×ØÙ¢⚪஺(1)ᝤᝤÛ᝛ᨬ᰿ᔛḄ“ßyᾙ”^{ᐭΓ{⏓â”"ᐸ“{⏓â”Ḅ“”ᢣ(“ᐗæ”ᡈ“ç”ᡈ“ᱥ”)"èéêEQëᨵḄÂì;(2)᝛ÌÍ{íîïQðñ◀òộô9Ḅâõ"ØᑭᵨÎíîïḄöᵨ;(3)᝛í÷^ÌÍø_ᑁḄúᱥ┤Î"úᱥ┤oᨵᐵ஺20.᝞2ALs\ᵨᨬÐḄû"CLü⏚Ḅý⌕ᡂᑖ"GLþ⁐
஺ᔜᱥḄᙳᙠᓄᐵ᝞ᡠS஺0H!⚪#(1)BḄ▢%&',EḄᓄ()*(2)ঝḄᓄ(,-)(3)জঝঞট/0123ᑖ5Ḅ'(4)HḄ6ᵨ⌶

521.ᙠ:▭<=>?ᵨ@ANaOHᩭ“ᣓᣍ”(ᔾᦈ)CO2,KᑖL-᝞஺(1)ᜧACO2NO᣸QᑮSTUVWḄXᒓẚ[\]<^Ḅ_᛻஺ᣓᣍaᑁḄᓄ(,-)*஺(2)cdজḄfg,ᡠᵨᑮḄiᴻkᘤᨵnoஹiᴻqr஺(3)stuXᐭXwᑮNaOHrCaCO3,XḄᓄ()'஺(4)᦮0L-yz{_|ᵨḄᱥ'஺(5)}⌕“ᣓᣍ”ḄTCO?Awᐜᑖ“ᣓᣍ”r“ᣓᣍ”ḄTOᩭḄ:cd'஺22.᪷1ᔠᡠ(ᓄ(ᑡ!⚪#(1)ᑏᨵ᪗Ḅkᘤfg#জ஺(2):aᵨ═⏚ᑴ¢ᦈ£¤t¥஺2y⌱ᵨḄᦈ£'(§¨©ª)஺(3):aᵨBஹCᑴCO2Ḅᓄ(,-)*,}«¬

6>Ô஺2'Õ᝞2Ḅ:#জஹ:a}ᵨIEᩭᦈ£ÖTT×ØÙÚ§Û"a”ᡈ"b”Ýᐭ஺ঝஹ¼TËÌᓄÍḄᙠ¹ÞI*■à¼T⍎ᦣᑮSTãäSTå·>æ◤On,yᵨåᔾᦈ¼TḄèé'#஺23.êëìᓫ:␺ïᓄðrÖÌᓄðÛᑏ:cdஹ:ñòஹ:óÝ:cd:ñò:ó———24.ïTCl?
'ôõ⁐TÇöïÇ.÷øùúûÛäᨵøùḄûÝüᐭïÇ,øùý⁐.ூ¬ñ!⚪௃
Ḅᡂᑖ⁐ᕖூ▅ᧇ௃
ᑖ
!+H0=HC1+HC10.ᐸ2HC10Ḅ#$%&⏚()*+⏚ᐹᨵ./ᓄឋ.ூ௃3415(
Ḅ
⁐Ḅ63425(
Ḅ78ᓄ9:⁐Ḅ.3435(
Ḅ;⏚⁐Ḅ63445(
Ḅ&⏚⁐Ḅ.ூ<=>?௃<=@A<=BCDᑖ᪆জGHIJᐭ
Lᨵ⁐341MᡂNঝGHIJᐭPQḄLᨵ⁐342MᡂNঞ______Lᨵ⁐343MᡂNூTU௃Vᔠᑖ᪆5
Ḅ78ᓄ9:⁐ᐹᨵXYAᵨ7[ᨵ⁐ᱥ]⁐:.ூ^௃71
HC1Oᐗ`Ḅᓄᔠa!a.2

cᐭAgNC:3dᨵY⁐efgᡂᓄ9!.3
ᔣ
icj⁐klHdmnᑮḄBC(.pᓄ9ᐶrstu9!vᦈ)ᙽ]y!40gḄz{ᔠ|Ḅz}~ᔠ|ᐭ⌲cᐭ⏚Mgាᵨ⏚100g,ᑁᒕ27g஺ᡂᑡᑖ᪆஺l
40gz{ᔠ|{Ḅ]y(_____g«

7(2)ᡠᵨ⏚]Ḅ]yᑖᦪ஺8⚓ᐳ21⚓

8ᫀ¢£᪆1.ூᫀ௃cூ£᪆௃£5Aஹ⏀¦ᢵ¨(ᵫd᝱«!᝱¬(᝱Ḅᦋ«Lᨵ¯ᱥ]gᡂ°ᱥᳮ«ᓄᦑA┯6Bஹ´µ¶·¸¹º»Lᨵ¯ᱥ]gᡂ°ᱥᳮ«ᓄᦑB┯6CஹY¼«ᡂ“¾”ᨵ¯ᱥ]gᡂ°ᓄ9«ᓄᦑCÀÁ6DஹÂÃẆÅ⚩Çᨵᜧ«sLᨵ¯ᱥ]gᡂ°ᱥᳮ«ᓄᦑD┯஺ᦑ⌱5CoÊ⚪ὃ9gÍᱥᳮ«ᓄ¢ᓄ9«ᓄḄÁÎ.ᑨÐ)Ñ«ᓄ(ᱥᳮ«ᓄÒ(ᓄ9«ᓄ,⌕ÕÖᙠ«ᓄDᨵLᨵgᡂᐸØᱥ]gᡂᐸØᱥ]Ḅ(ᓄ9«ᓄLᨵgᡂᐸØᱥ]Ḅ(ᱥᳮ«ᓄ.ÙÚÛᱥᳮ«ᓄ¢ᓄ9«ᓄḄÊ]ÜÝ(£ÊÞß⚪Ḅᐵá.ᑨÐḄ᪗ã(äᙠ«ᓄᨵLᨵgᡂᐸØᱥ].)åᙢᱥᳮ«ᓄᨵᱥ]Ḅஹdஹç᝱«ᓄ¢ᱥ]èḄ«ᓄ஺2.ூᫀ௃Cூ£᪆௃£5AஹᵨéᜮiëicìydḄ@AíîéᜮiëMJᐭᑮHëᑁᡈðñHëᑁòᚖôõöᙠHë÷øicd■úûüéᜮiëýᡠþ@A┯ÿ஺Bஹ⌕“ஹஹ☠”Ḅᑣᴻᡠ!"┯$஺Cஹ%&'ᓄ)*ᔲᦈ-./01ḼḄᩈᩩ5ᙠ-789:;<ᐭ8ᡠ!">?஺Dஹ@ᵨ⏀CD⌕“EFஹEἭஹ:H”ἭIᵨ⏀CDJ1K⏀CDᡠ!"┯$஺ᦑ⌱NCoAஹ᪷P@ᵨQᜮSTSUVḄWXYZᑖ᪆ᑨ^஺Bஹ“ஹஹ☠”Ḅᑣ஺Cஹ᪷P'ᓄ)7Ḅ&.WXYZᑖ᪆ᑨ^஺Dஹ@ᵨ⏀CD⌕“EFஹEἭஹ:H”஺

9_⚪ab:ᜧd៉ᔜghᘤḄᵨ⌶k@ᵨl⚗ஹnoᓄpq&r_!"Ḅl⚗*stuvw⚪Ḅᐵy஺3.ூtᫀ௃Cூs᪆௃sNAஹ᪛⌼᪍>?:ᔠ⚪ᦑ⌱⚗┯$Bஹ⁐;>?:ᔠ⚪ᦑ⌱⚗┯$NCஹᛛᧇᨵ7᛻┯$ᔠ⚪ᦑ⌱⚗>?Dஹ᯼Ḅ1>?:ᔠ⚪ᦑ⌱⚗┯$ᦑ⌱NCo■I᛻Ḅ¡¢ᨵ:¤ᔆ᣸5Ḅ7§ᜐᳮª᣸5ஹ᪛⌼᪍ஹᔠᳮ«;ஹἭI15¬ᰦ®¯஺ᛛᧇᨵ7᛻஺°±⚪²§³´ᐰᳫḄ·¸ᐵ¹“”Ḅᜐᳮ±⚪*ὃḄ»¼±⚪ᓄp½¾᎝⁐ᓄp¤À⌕Áᜮ½ÂÃ஺4.ூtᫀ௃Bூs᪆௃sNAஹ«ÄḄÅ7ÆᨵÇ7ஹ'7¯ᱥÉʹËᔠᱥᦑA┯$BஹÌÍËᔠᱥÆᨵgᱥÉÍʹÎÏᱥᦑB>?CஹÐÑÒᮞÍÆᨵÍÔ'ᓄ┛ʹËᔠᱥᦑC┯$DஹỚ⏀Æᨵ⏀CỚʹËᔠᱥᦑD┯$ᦑ⌱NBo᪷PÎÏᱥᵫgᱥÉØᡂËᔠᱥᵫEgᡈEgÛ½ḄᱥÉØᡂᑖ᪆஺ᵫgᱥÉØᡂḄᱥÉʹÎÏᱥËᔠᱥÜÆᨵEgᱥÉ᪷PᱥÉḄØᡂgvHÛᑨ^ᱥÉʹÎÏᱥÝ*ʹËᔠᱥ஺5.ூtᫀ௃Dூs᪆௃sNAஹ᪷PÞᐗàᕜâ⊤ḄäHåæ½çḄᦪéê17,⊤ëìᦪê17,ᦑ⌱⚗íX>?஺Bஹ᪷Pîᐗàᕜâ⊤ḄäHåæ½çḄᦪéê26,⊤ëìᦪê26᪷Pëìᦪ=᪶ᵯ₹ᦪ=Éëᦪ=᪶᜜ᵯëᦪᑣîëḄ᪶᜜ᵯëᦪ*26,ᦑ⌱⚗íX>?஺Cஹ᪷Pîᐗàᕜâ⊤ḄäHåôéõ☢Ḅᦪé⊤÷øëÉVᐗàḄ÷øëÉVê55.85,ᦑ⌱⚗íX>?஺ù10⚓ᐳ21⚓

10DஹÞᐗàüîᐗà;ýᡂÞᓄîஹÞᓄþî¯ᱥÉᦑ⌱⚗íX┯$஺ᦑ⌱NDo᪷Pᐗàᕜâ⊤HÛÿḄḄᦪ⊤ᦪ⊤ᐗḄᐗḄ⊤ᐗ☢Ḅᦪ⊤!"#ᑖ᪆ᑨ'ᓽ)஺+⚪-./ᜧ!ὃ234ᮣ67ᵨᐗᕜ:⊤ᐗḄ;ᦪஹᐗஹᐗஹ="#ᑖ᪆>⚪Ḅ?@஺6.ூDᫀ௃Cூ>᪆௃>AஹGHIJ᝱ḄLMᓄO!/IH!ᦑ⌱⚗STUV஺BஹWXIO⏚ZḄ[!IᵫZ]^O⏚᪷]᪀ᡂḄᓄᔠᱥ!def!/IX!ᦑ⌱⚗STUV஺Cஹg⏚ᙠᵯ]jk4Ḅ□]ᐰnIo]Ḅᓄᔠᱥ!de⏚!ᦑ⌱⚗ST┯q஺DஹrsItduḄ[!/Is!ᦑ⌱⚗STUV஺ᦑ⌱:CoAஹ᪷wGHIJ᝱ḄLMᓄO!"#ᑖ᪆ᑨ'஺Bஹ᪷wWXIO⏚ZḄ[!"#ᑖ᪆ᑨ'஺Cஹ⏚Iᢣᙠᵯ]jk4Ḅ□]ᐰnIo]Ḅᓄᔠᱥ஺Dஹ᪷wrsItduḄ[!"#ᑖ᪆ᑨ'஺+⚪-./ᜧ!ᢕz⏚XfḄᱯ|ஹ}៉ḄᱥḄᡂஹᱥḄ[IUV>D+⚪Ḅᐵ஺7.ூDᫀ௃Bூ>᪆௃>AஹᑖIᵫ᪀ᡂḄ!ᑖᵫOஹo᪀ᡂḄ!ᦑ⌱⚗ST┯qBஹoᐗḄᑖᦪ:x100%x7.7%<10%,ᦑ⌱⚗STUV1Xo+lZXoCஹIᵫOஹᐗᡂḄ!/oᐗ!ᙠᐙᑖ4ᡂLMᓄO^ᓄᔠᱥ!/4ᡂr!ᦑ⌱⚗ST┯qDஹIᵫᑖ᪀ᡂḄ!ᑖIᵫ6O^6᪀ᡂḄᦑ⌱⚗ST┯qᦑ⌱B஺

11Aஹ᪷wᑖIᵫ᪀ᡂḄᩭᑖ᪆Bஹ᪷wᓄᔠᱥᐗᑖᦪḄTᩭᑖ᪆Cஹ᪷wᱥḄᡂឤᩭᑖ᪆Dஹ᪷wᱥḄ᪀ᡂᩭᑖ᪆஺+⚪-./ᜧ!ὃ23¡ᔠ¢ஹᮣ67ᵨᓄ3£Ḅ¤¥ᨵᐵ§"#ᑖ᪆¨⚪ஹ>©¨⚪Ḅ?@஺8.ூDᫀ௃Dூ>᪆௃>AஹªMᓄoᙠLMᓄ═Ḅ¬ᓄᵨ4ᡂr^M!┵¯°ᑁ²²³´µ!°ᑁ¶·´ᜧ!ᳫ¹º!ᦑ⌱⚗┯q஺Bஹ»¥¼½⏚¾¿4ᡂ½⏚»^o!┵¯°ᑁ²²³´µ!°ᑁ¶·´ᜧ!ᳫ¹º!ᦑ⌱⚗┯q஺CஹÀ½⏚ÁerÂÃᜧḄÄ!┵¯°ᑁ²ÅÄÆÇ!ᳫ¹º!ᦑ⌱⚗┯q஺Dஹᓄo²?¥Èᮞr¾¿4ᡂᓄ┛^r!⌼ᡂ┵¯°ᑁ²²³ÌÍ!°ᑁ¶·Ìº!ᳫÆÇ!ᦑ⌱⚗UV஺ᦑ⌱:D»+⚪-./ᜧ!ÎÏÐÑÒḄºᳫÆÇḄᳮ;¾¿ᡈÁ>ᔾÄᡈ⌼ᡂ²²³Ìͧ=IUV>D+⚪Ḅᐵ஺9.ூDᫀ௃Cூ>᪆௃>Aஹᵬ×Ḅᓄ3£2ᵯ0,⌱⚗STUVBஹ¾¿ØÙÚ/Û!SÜIᓄ3ÛᓄḄᨬºÞ!⌱⚗STUVCஹ¾¿ØÙ¬ᓄᑺ/Û!⌱⚗ST/UVDஹ4ᡂᱥà;LMᓄO=^á;r=MᐗḄᓄᔠâ!ãI-2,⌱⚗STUV஺ᦑ⌱C஺+⚪ä⌕ὃ2ᱥḄឋ!>Dj⌕᪷wᔜᱥḄឋ!¡ᔠᔜ☢ᩩé"#ᑖ᪆ஹᑨ'!êëÃUVḄ¡ì஺10.ூDᫀ௃Aூ>᪆௃>pH2ḄrÁíî⏚ឋ!rÁíᨵᜧḄH+஺Aஹð]/?¡ᔠᡂñòஹ²ᡈr!?ᙠ⏚ឋÁíᜧᐳô!ᦑ⌱⚗UV஺BஹOFT¥⏚ឋÁíḄH+]?¡ᔠᡂr!/?ᙠ⏚ឋÁíᜧᐳô!ᦑ⌱⚗õ12⚓!ᐳ21⚓

12┯q஺CஹC0÷¥⏚ឋÁíḄH+?¡ᔠᡂr^LMᓄO!/?ᙠ⏚ឋÁíᜧᐳô!ᦑ⌱⚗┯q஺Dஹ0H-¥⏚ឋÁíḄH+]?¡ᔠᡂr!NH30H-]?¡ᔠᡂø^r!/?ᙠ⏚ឋÁíᜧᐳô!ᦑ⌱⚗┯q஺ᦑ⌱A஺pH2ḄrÁíî⏚ឋ!rÁíᨵᜧḄH+.᪷wùᑖ>¾¿Ḅᩩé!]ú?û¡ᔠᡂñòஹ²ᡈr!ᑣ]/?ᜧᐳô!wý"#ᑖ᪆ᑨ'ᓽ)஺+⚪ὃ2þ]ᐳôḄ¨⚪!ᑨ'ᔜ]ᙠÁí?ᔲᐳ
⌕Ḅᔜᔲᡂஹஹ⌕ᙠ⏚ឋᐳ
஺11.ூ(ᫀ௃Cூ+᪆௃+-Aஹ╅/0⏚12345/0⏚12ᦑ789:MgஹFeஹCu;<=>Ḅ?@ឋABஹBஹ25/0⏚╅2/0⏚345/0⏚ᦑ789:MgஹFeஹCu;<=>Ḅ?@ឋABCஹ45/0⏚12C0⏚╅5:D2C╅Ḅ?@ឋABDஹ25/0⏚╅/0⏚4ᦑ789:MgஹFeஹCu;<=>Ḅ?@ឋABᦑ⌱-Co᪷G=>?@ឋABHᐸJKLᑖ᪆+(ᙠ=>?@ឋABNOᙠPḄ=>QNRᐸSḄ=>TᐸUOᣚWᩭGY+(஺Z[=>?@ឋABḄJ\]+(^⚪Ḅᐵa஺12.ூ(ᫀ௃Dூ+᪆௃+-Aஹb0⏚ᐹᨵᔾឋf5/g◀iᩖkflᨵmᐭoḄᩖkpᔠ◀ᩖrᑣᦑ⌱⚗ᡠvwḄxy\]஺Bஹz⏚{/〉}~ᓄ┛ᡂz⏚┛C~ᓄ{◀iᩖkflᨵmᐭoḄᩖkpᔠ◀ᩖrᑣᦑ⌱⚗ᡠvwḄxy\]஺CஹCO/Ḅgᓄ4ᡂ4Cgᓄz◀iᩖkflᨵmᐭoḄᩖkpᔠ◀ᩖrᑣᦑ⌱⚗ᡠvwḄxy\]஺DஹCaO/ᡂgᓄ┛z⏚┛R3rᱥk◀i5pᔠ◀

13ᩖrᑣᦑ⌱⚗ᡠvwḄxy┯0ᦑ⌱-DoᱥkḄᑖ/◀ᩖὃḄ+◀ᩖ⚪ᢕ◀ᩖkḄ◤ᩩᐭḄᑺ/ᩖkS5mᐭoḄᩖk\]+⚪Ḅᐵa஺13.ூ(ᫀ௃Dூ+᪆௃+-AஹaḄpH¡R7,¢⏚ឋ£D¤U⏚}ᡠ¥Ḅk¦HC1CNaCLᦑ⌱⚗£y┯஺BஹbḄpH§R7,¢ឋ5¨©⁐«¬®ᦑ⌱⚗£y┯஺CஹcḄpHᜧR7,¢°ឋgᓄ±}ᦑ⌱⚗£y┯஺Dஹgᓄ±/¤U⏚ᡂ~ᓄ±Caஹbஹcᡠ²Ḅᙳ´ᨵ~ᓄ±µ´ᨵNa+ஹC1-,ᦑ⌱⚗£y\]஺ᦑ⌱-D஺Aஹ᪷GaḄpH¡R7,KLᑖ᪆ᑨ·஺Bஹ᪷GbḄpH§R7,KLᑖ᪆ᑨ·஺Cஹ᪷GcḄpHᜧR7,KLᑖ᪆ᑨ·஺Dஹ᪷Ggᓄ±/¤U⏚ᡂ~ᓄ±CKLᑖ᪆ᑨ·஺^⚪¸5¹ᜧ⌕ὃº»CHᐸᵨZ[Ḅ⏚°ឋCpHᜧ¡Ḅᐵ½ஹTᦪ¿ÀᔠḄÁ¸ᳮ+C\]+(^⚪Ḅᐵa஺14.ூ(ᫀ௃Aூ+᪆௃+-AஹᜧôᨵÄÄ>RÅÆᦑ⌱⚗\]஺BஹÇᱥÈÉ´Èᾦᦑ⌱⚗┯஺CஹËᬀÉ´ÍÎᦑ⌱⚗┯஺DஹᾙᱏÉ´ÑÒkᦑ⌱⚗┯஺ᦑ⌱:Ao᪷GÔᡠ◤Õᜧ⃩×ÎḄ<ÆஹØᱥᩭÙÀᔠ⚪ᡠÚḄØᱥᑨ·ᡠ´Ḅ⃩×Î,KLᑖ᪆ᑨ·஺^⚪¸5ᜧ»+ᔜ<⃩×ÎḄᳮÜஹØᱥᩭÙ§\]+(YÆ⚪Ḅᐵa஺15.ூ(ᫀ௃CÝ14⚓ᐳ21⚓

14ூ+᪆௃+-᪷Gk}ßឤáâSãḄk}¦-X=10g+10g+10g+10g-(12g+4g+14g)=10g,ᦑï¦ᱥᵬஹñ¦ᡂᱥã7¦òᓄᑺó¦ᑖ+஺Aஹï¦ᱥᵬஹñ¦ᡂᱥã7¦òᓄᑺó¦ᑖ+┯Bஹã7¦òᓄᑺ┯CஹYïᱥkCñᱥkḄk}÷¦-(10g-4g)-(14g-10g)=3-2,\]D,úy]áûüᑖk}Ḅᜧ¡┯஺ᦑ⌱:Co᪷Gk}ßឤáâᙠᓄþÿ
ᔜᱥḄ
ᡂᔜᱥḄ஺
ḄᡂᱥḄ
ᱥᑖ᪆஺ᓄ
⍳ឤ!ᓽᓄ
ᐗ$Ḅ%&'()*Ḅ%&ஹ,ᦪ'(./ᑏᓄ123ஹᑨ5ᱥḄᓄ3ஹᑨ5ᓄ6ᦪஹ789ᐵ1☢6<Ḅ=Ạ஺16.ூCᫀ௃Ca3NH*M,Nᑖ*OPᨵR,N)*"ூT᪆௃TU(1)XYOPᨬ[Ḅ\]ᐗ$┛ᐗ$┛ᐗ$Ḅᐗ$_`aCabᦑCᫀaUCab(2)e*Ḅ⊤g1hUᙠ⊤gje*Ḅᐗ$_`klm᪗oje*ᡠqḄrsᵯ₹ᦪᦪvᙠrs_`ᙠq1,ᵯ₹w1⌕ḕᶍ.⊤g[,e*{◤⌕ᙠe*_`☢}〉Ḅᦪv3,᪷e*⊤ga3NH஺bᦑCᫀaU3NHl(3)ᙠᓄ3Oᐗ$_`kmḄᦪv⊤gM,ᑖ*OᡠPj)*Ḅ,ᦪH2O“2”ḄPM,Nᑖ*OPᨵR,N)*bᦑCᫀaUM,Nᑖ*OPᨵR,N)*b(4)ᵫᓄᔠḄ⊤g1hᙠᐸᓄ3jᐗ$Ḅl1ᵨrs`ᦪv⊤grs`ᙠᦪvᙠᦑᓄOᐗ$+3⊤gaU2O3bᦑCᫀaUA1O°23⚪ὃᓄᵨḄ/ᑏT⚪ᐵᑖᓄᵨᡠ⊤Ḅ¡ᑖ*ஹ)*ஹe*¢ᓄᔠ£¤ᙠᓄ_`ᡈᐸ¦§¨l〉Ḅ6ᦪᩭª᦮ᙢ⊤ᐸ¤᪷ᱥᓄ3Ḅ/ᑏ®ᑣr°/ᑏᱥḄᓄ3£¤±²³°ḄTC&⚪´஺⚪µ⌕ὃᓄᵨḄ/ᑏᳮT¤·⚪´¸6¹ᒹPᓄ_`Ḅ»T¼ὃ»ᓄ_`Ḅ/ᑏὃᐰ☢¾¿=Ạ⚪´ÀÁÂ᧕.

1517.ூCᫀ௃(1)ᔠ\ÅÆ(ᡈÇÈÉ)bᛛᧇÌÍ(ᡈÎÏÐÑ)b(2)ᔠ\ÒÓḄÔÕឋ¤×Øb(3)FeO+3H2sO4=Fe(SO)+3HOb232432(4)Þß⏚áâãᡂᑣªᐰᜫᦔூT᪆௃TU(1)\]ᓫᔠ\ç]\]ᩞᧇ•ᡠêᔠ\ஹÇ]\]ᩞᧇᨵÔᔠᡂᩞᧇᒹëᛛᧇஹᔠᡂìíᔠᡂÎÏᡠêᛛᧇÌÍஹÎÏÐÑ]ᨵÔᔠᡂᩞᧇb(2)ᔠ\ÒÓḄÔÕឋ¤×ØᡠêÅîïðᵨᔠ\ñ'ᵨÓᑴ⌼b(3)Ç┤Ḅµ⌕ᡂᑖᓄǤõö⏚
ᡂö⏚Ç÷ᓄ123aFez஺ù+3H2sO4=Fe(SO)+3HO«2432(4)Çûªᐰᓄõ⏚
'üᡂNâ஺ᦑýþ1hUÞß⏚áâãᡂᑣªᐰᜫᦔ஺ᦑCᫀaU(1)ᔠ\ÅÆ(ᡈÇÈÉ)bᛛᧇÌÍ(ᡈÎÏÐÑ)b(2)ᔠ\ÒÓḄÔÕឋ¤×Øb(3)FeO+3H2sO4=Fe(SO)+3HOb232432(4)Þß⏚áâãᡂᑣªᐰᜫᦔTC⚪⌕ÿ
ḄឋᱥᩞᧇḄᑖᨵ᪵ᐵ☢Ḅ⚪Ḅᑨ஺18.ூ&ᫀ௃C13஺(-.ᵬஹ12345662.5:;<ᨔூ3᪆௃3-(1)AஹABCDEᓄGḄHIDEᓄG2JKLᜧNḄO;4PQᓣSᦑA┯VWBஹY⏚╄2JKᔾᦈON;4:^ᦑB┯VWCஹ_ᓄG2JK;4`ᓄaᜧᦑCWDஹcd⏚2JKLᜧNḄO;4PQᓣSᦑD┯VWᦑ&ᫀe-CW(2)জPhCᵬஹ1iᱥḄ234jkḄlhPhḄmnet3࠷.ᵬஹ12345Wᦑ&ᫀe-t3°C.ᵬஹ12345Wঝᵫ234jktuvtjc.ᵬஹyz{ᱥḄ234ᵫᜧᑮ}Ḅᐵ~e-yுᵬᦑ&ᫀe-6;ঞt2࠷.ᵬᱥḄ234e25g,ᓽ100gK2325gᵬᱥᑮ⛳50gK2312.5g20gᵬLᐭ50gKᐙᑖᤅᡠ2ḄNC50g+16⚓ᐳ21⚓

1612.5g=62.5g,ᦑ&ᫀe:62.5WটᵬᱥḄ234;4ᜧ1ᱥḄ234;4}1ᱥmᨵNᵬᱥ⌕¢£1¤¥¦ᵨ:;<ᨔḄᦑ&ᫀe-:;<ᨔ஺(1)᪷©DEᓄGஹcd⏚2JKLᜧNḄOY⏚╄2JKᔾᦈONª«ᑖ᪆W(2)᪷©PhCᵬஹ1iᱥḄ234jkḄlht2°C.ᵬᱥḄ234e25g,ᵬᱥḄ234;4ᜧ1ᱥḄ234;4}ª«ᑖ᪆஺¬⚪⌕ὃ¯234jkḄ°ᵨ<ᨔḄ°ᵨ5±²³´DEᓄGஹcd⏚2JKLᜧNḄOY⏚µ2JKᔾᦈON஺19.ூ&ᫀ௃ᐗ¸¹µឋº⊈¼ᓄE½ஹKூ3᪆௃3-(1)ᱥḄ¾ᡂÀᵨᐗ¸ᩭÂÃᐸ“Ƶ⏓È”Ḅ“µ”ᢣᐗ¸ˤ̹µuÍᨵḄÎÏC¹µឋº⊈஺(2)ÆÐÑÒÓÔ◀ÖộØÙḄÈÚCᑭᵨÜÐÑÒḄ¼ᓄÝᵨ஺(3)µᙠßKE½àá.᧕ã┤ᡠåµḄæᱥçã┤ßE½ஹKᨵᐵeÜ■éµᑴëã┤u¦ìíᨵᑵï5஺ᦑ&ᫀe-(1)ᐗ¸W¹µឋº⊈W(2)¼ᓄW(3)E½ஹK஺(1)᪷©ᱥḄ¾ᡂÀᵨᐗ¸ᩭÂÃஹµᐗ¸ßðᏉòóôḄᐵ~ᑖ᪆õ&W(2)᪷©ÐÑÒḄ¼ᓄÝᵨᩭᑖ᪆W(3)᪷©µã┤Ḅᩩ÷■éã┤Ḅìíᑖ᪆õ&஺ᓄøᩭùJãúஹãûüýþJãúஹãû⌕øÿᓄ
ஹ஺20.ூᫀ௃᪷HOFe+CuCl=FeCl+Cuঞট%ᧇ222ூ'᪆௃')Q)A-.ᵨᨬ1Ḅ34ᡠ6A347C8⏚Ḅ:⌕ᡂᑖᡠ6CHC1,GA⁐CDᡠ6GᓄE7FG⏚HIᡂHFI,7FDHIᡂJFI,ᡠ6IMᓄN7HOBFDHIᡂA⁐CDGFF,ᡠ6DMᓄEBQRឋTQ6UᓄVG⏚FᓄVHIᡂMᓄVFWᡠ6FUMᓄVEUWYZ[\]^_`ᡠ6BRa-Ḅ▢U)᪷EḄᓄ
cH2Od(2)HIঝU7FMᓄEHIᡂMᓄN7FEᓄ
ghc)Fe+CuCI=FeCl+22Cud(3)জU7FG⏚ḄHI4klᣚHIঝU7FMᓄEḄHI4klᣚHIঞU

17ᓄVFG⏚ḄHI4knᑖ'HIটUᓄVFMᓄEḄHI4klᣚHIᡠ6opHI-4knᑖ'HIḄUঞটd(4)HḄrsᵨ⌶U)%ᧇ஺ᦑᫀ)(1)᪷H0d2(2)Fe+CuCl=FeCl+Cud22বঞটd(4)%ᧇஹwxyzஹ{|ᑺ஺᪷~A-.ᵨᨬ1Ḅ34ᡠ6A347C8⏚Ḅ:⌕ᡂᑖᡠ6CHCLGA⁐CDᡠ6GᓄE7FG⏚HIᡂHFI,7FDHIᡂJFI,ᡠ6IMᓄN7HOBFDHIᡂA⁐CDGFF,ᡠ6DMᓄEBQRឋTQ6UᓄVG⏚FᓄVHIᡂMᓄVFWᡠ6FUMᓄVEUWᯠ]Ḅᱥ[\ᓽQ஺ᙠ'⚪✌ᐜ⚪-ᨵᱯḄᱥ]ᯠᔠ]ḄᱥF⚪-Ḅᓄᐵ]^ᒕḄᱥᨬ]Ḅᔜsᱥᐭᓄᐵ-[\ᓽQ஺21.ூᫀ௃ᦔI2NaOH+CO?=Na2CC)3+ᵯ0Z¤¥ᧅCa(OH)ᓄVஹ2ᓄ┛ᑖ¨©ᐭª«¬ஹª«®ᑖᦪḄᓄ┛Ra°₩ூ'᪆௃')(1)ᜧ®CO2³´᣸¶ᑮ¸O-¹^ºᦔIḄ©ᒓẚ½¾¿ḄÀ᛻஺ᣓᣍᑁᓄVFÅᓄÆHIᡂÆ⏚VFWHIḄᓄ
ghc2NaOH+C0=NaCO+H0O2232ᦑᫀ)ᦔId2NaOH+C()2=NazCC^+HzO஺(2)ÉÊজḄËÌZ¤ᡠᵨᑮḄÍᴻÏᘤᨵÑÒஹÍᴻÓF¥ᧅ஺ᦑᫀ)Z¤d¥ᧅ஺(3)Æ⏚VFᓄ┛HIᡂÆ⏚┛CDFᓄVÔÕTRa-©ᐭXRa×ᑮNaOHRaFCaC03,XḄᓄ
cUCa(OH)2஺ᦑᫀ)Ca(OH)2஺(4)᦮pÙh-Q6ÚÀ.ᵨḄᱥUᓄVஹᓄ┛஺ᦑᫀ)ᓄVஹᓄ┛஺(5)Ü⌕`Ý“ᣓᣍ”ḄO¬-CO2à®áYâ×ãäᐜᑖ¨åræ“ᣓᣍ”çFræ“ᣓᣍ”ḄO¬´èᩭḄê[ÉÊUᑖ¨©ᐭª«¬ஹª«®ᑖᦪḄᓄ┛Ra°₩“ᣓᣍ”çḄO¬y.ᓄ┛Raëìí“ᣓᣍ”ḄO¬îy.ᓄ┛Raëìíïð“ᣓᣍ”ḄO¬-CO2à®áYâ×ãä஺ñ18⚓ᐳ21⚓

18ᦑᫀ)ᑖ¨©ᐭª«¬ஹª«®ᑖᦪḄᓄ┛Ra°₩஺(1)ᜧ®C02³´᣸¶ᑮ¸O-¹^ºᦔIḄ©ᒓẚ½¾¿ḄÀ᛻஺ᓄVFÅᓄÆHIᡂÆ⏚VFW஺(2)Z¤yô◀öîRkWḄᱥ஺(3)Æ⏚VFᓄ┛HIᡂÆ⏚┛CDFᓄV஺(4)᦮pÙh-Q6ÚÀ.ᵨḄᱥUᓄVஹᓄ┛஺(5)ÅᓄÆy.÷wøᮞWëìí஺ú⚪:⌕ὃüᱥḄឋ'⌕᪷~ᔜsᱥḄឋᔠᔜg☢ᩩÿ
ᑖ᪆ஹᑨḄ஺22.ூᫀ௃┵AE2HC1+CaCO=CaCl+H0+C0Tᑴ᳛b"3222#᩽᧕&'(ூ)᪆௃)*(1)জ,-./ᘤ┵1ᦑᫀ,*┵஺(2)ᱥ,-45◤⌕89ᦑ⌱A,;<=>?#@᧕&'(5A#@᧕Bᐭ(DEᵨ᣸(HᦈJ?#K,LMᦑ⌱E,ᦈJ=>1ᦑᫀ,:AEo(3)O⏚QR⏚┛<ᡂUᓄ┛ஹ(WX?ᓄRYᑏᓄ[\]^_`abc#4deᡠᓄ[\]^,2HC1+CaCO=CaCl+H0+C0Tᑖ.gᧅiᨵklmᐵ3222ᡠᑭᵨklmᐵᑴ8ᐭ.4Ḅpᑴᱥqrsᑮᑴ᳛ḄuḄ1ᦑᫀ,*2HC1+CaCO=CaCl+H0+C0T;ᑴ᳛஺3222(4)জv#wrxA#yᐜᙠ|}~J13#1ᦑᫀ,*b஺ঝ"#᩽᧕&'(ᑭᵨ(ᔾᦈ"#5᎔>Ḅgᧅ8☢■;<᎔ᔾ1ᦑᫀ,*"#᩽᧕&'(᎔>gᧅ■;<᎔ᔾ஺(1)ὃᵨᘤ1(2)᪷ᱥ᝱Wᩩ⌱;<=>#4wrQ(D&)r⌱ᦈJ=>1(3)O⏚QR⏚┛<ᡂUᓄ┛ஹ(WX?ᓄRYᑏᓄ[\]^1᪷ᑖ.gᧅᱯᑖ᪆⚪1(4)জ᪷#4wrᑖ᪆⚪1

19ঝ᪷"#&)ឋᑖ᪆⚪஺ᙠ)¤⚪¥✌ᐜ⌕§⚪DḄ¨©ª¨«ᯠᔠ[¯Ḅ¨©
)஺23.ூᫀ௃°±p&.'²³Dᑖ´ᔣᐸD·8¸·¹º&.»¼²³D&.½¾⁐À»¼²³DÁÂÃÄŽ¾⁐ḄÆ&.,v?ᓄÇ&.@½⁐ḄÆ&.ÈUᓄÇÉᔠᳮᓽÌூ)᪆௃)*UᓄÇ&.ஹv?ᓄÇÍÎÁ⁐&.ᑖ´ÃDឋஹÏឋᔜ°±p&.'²³Dᑖ´ᔣᐸD·8¸·¹Ᏺ&.»¼²³D&.½¾⁐À»¼²³DÁÂÃÄŽ¾⁐ḄÆ&.,v?ᓄÇ&.@½⁐ḄÆ&.ÈUᓄÇÉᡈᵨÓ⁐ÔÕ&.ஹpH²ØÙᙳÌ*ᦑᫀ,*°±p&.'²³Dᑖ´ᔣᐸD·8¸·¹⏋&.1»¼²³D&.½¾⁐À»¼²³DÁÂÃÄÅ1½¾⁐ḄÆ&.,v?ᓄÇ&.@½⁐ḄÆ&.ÈUᓄÇÉᔠᳮᓽÌ஺␺´ᱥÝ¥✌ᐜÞ◤⌕␺´ḄᱥÝḄឋÝ
Þxᑖ᪆ßᱯឋà᪷ឋÝḄ@á⌱〉ãḄ²ᑺÄ@áḄÄÅḄåæ␺´஺)ᱥÝḄ␺´⚪¥⌕çèéê␺´ḄᱥÝḄឋÝᯠ⌱〉ãḄ²ᑺᡈ\HÄ@áḄÄÅᓽ␺´஺24.ூᫀ௃Chïð¾²ØñᐭᑮO⏚DHC10+1HC1+AgNO=AgClI3+HNOᐜ½¾⁐ü⁐3ூ)᪆௃)*ýþ2*U(Èᢣ
ᱥᳮᓄ
ᓄᓄ⏚⏚ᐳᨵ.ᦑ!ᫀ#$Cl2(4$⌕+,3.ᡂ01⌕234567ᐭᑮ⏚:;<=>ᓄ?@ABCD34⁐Ḅ=⏚.ᦑ!ᫀ#$234567ᐭᑮ⏚:(GH$HC10(LM$1HC1O:ᐗPḄᓄᔠR@A᪷T$+l+X+—2=0,[\X=+l.ᦑ!ᫀ#$+1;2AgN3a⏚bcdᣚᡂᑖᡂᓄgh⁐ijkl⏚.ᦑ!ᫀ#$HC1+AgNO=AgClI+HNO333#:ᨵHC1HC1O,ᦑᔣ:opq⁐rs5atuᑮḄ;<=$ᐜ4⁐wx⁐#⏚CDq⁐rs5a4⁐⏚ᐹᨵzhឋCD|⁐x}.ᦑ!ᫀ#$ᐜ4⁐wx⁐.~⚪ᑖ᪆B
Ḅឋᓄ
Ḅឋᙠ:ᦟᩞ:ᨵ1=ᑮBᵨ
ᩭᩔ.᪷T⚪Ḅ;<ᑨ¡CD¢20⚓ᐳ21⚓

2034x⁐ᐹᨵzh¤ᵨḄ=⏚(¥⌕¦§ᙠᓄᔠᱥ:¨©ᓄᔠRḄªᦪ#¬Ḅᑣ(A¯⏚:°±Ḅ²³´µᢣ·ᑺL¹Ḅ|⁐ᓄ.~⚪º⚪»ᔠឋ¼½¾ᨵ
¿Ḅឋᨵ
¿µL¹wᡂᱥḄ²¥ᨵᓄ³ÀÁḄÂᑏA¯᪷T⚪ÄḄᑖ᪆ஹ[ÆÇ⚪ḄCÈ=:ὃḄÊ⌕ὃËÌ.25.ூ!ᫀ௃13ூ[᪆௃[$(1)L¹wпÑ.ÒÓÔÕ,ÖḄÑ=27g,ᵫ⊤:ᦪTÙÚᔠÛ:ÖḄÑ#27g,ᑣÜḄÑ#40g-27g=13g,ᦑÝ$13஺(2)ßkà⏚:Ñ#x,Zn+HSO=ZnS04-HT,2442659813gx65_98á=7x=19.6gᡠᵨkà⏚:ḄÑᑖᦪ$X100%=19.6%!$ᡠᵨkà⏚:ḄÑᑖᦪ=19.6%஺ᨬwᒕåпḄÑ=ÖḄÑ(᪷TÖḄÑ@AæçÜḄÑèé@AæçêÖ᪵3:ÜḄÑᑖᦪ(᪷TÜḄÑ@Aæçà⏚ḄÑ஺~⚪ì⌕ὃËíᵨᓄ³ÀÁèîæçï¡ḄCÈ஺