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1、KD1080型载货汽车设计(变速器总成设计)摘要发动机的输出转速非常高,最大功率及最大扭矩在一定的转速区出现。为了发挥发动机的最佳性能,就必须有一套变速装置,来协调发动机的转速和车轮的实际行驶速度。变速器可以在汽车行驶过程中,在发动机和车轮之间产生不同的变速比,通过换挡可以使发动机工作在其最佳的动力性能状态下。变速器作为汽车的一个重要组成部分,是用来改变发动机传到驱动轮上的转矩和转速,目的是在原地起步、爬坡、转弯、加速等各种行驶工况下使汽车获得不同的牵引力和速度。全套图纸,加本次设计的变速器是一款手动中间轴式4+1挡机械式变速器。为了保证轴的刚度要求,将一挡和倒挡布置在变速器
2、的最右边,为了使结构更紧凑、合理,倒挡采用中间轴齿轮。换挡机构全部采用同步器进行换挡,变速器采用直接操纵机构,在其上设置了互锁、倒挡锁等一套锁止装置,使驾驶员能够安全、迅速的对变速器操纵,结合总体的要求操纵机构形式选用直接操纵机构形式。本次设计的变速器即满足了汽车必要的动力性也满足了其经济性的指标。最后通过对齿轮、轴、键、轴承等的校核,其变速器的尺寸及其部件的强度都满足设计要求。45关键词:变速器,设计,中型载货汽车,传动比KD1080TRUCKDESIGN(THEGENERALDESIGHNOFTRANSMISSION)ABSTRACTTheoutputoftheengin
3、espeedisveryhigh,maximumpowerandmaximumtorqueoccursatacertainspeedzone.Inordertoplaythebestperformanceoftheengine,itmustbeavariablespeeddevice,tocoordinateenginespeedandtheactualwheelspeed.Transmissioncanbeinthecardrivingtheprocess,betweentheengineandthewheelshavedifferentgearratio,theengin
4、ecanworkthroughtheshiftinthedynamicperformanceofitsbeststate.Transmissionasanimportantpartofthecarisusedtochangetheenginereachedthedrivingwheeltorqueandrotationalspeedontheaimofstartinginplace,climbing,cornering,accelerationandotherdrivingsituation,vehicleaccesstothedifferenttractionandspee
5、d.Thetransmissionisamanualdesignedforintermediateshaft4+1gearmechanicaltransmission.Toensuretheaxialstiffnessrequirements,thelayoutofablockandreversegearinthetransmissionofthefarright,inordertomakethestructuremorecompactandreasonableuseoftheintermediateshaftgearreversegear.Shiftingagenciesa
6、llusesynchronizerforshifting,transmissionbydirectmanipulationofinstitutions,intheirlastset,interlocking,reversegearlockofalockingdevicesothedrivercansafely,45quicklyonthetransmissioncontrol,combinedwiththeoverallrequirementsofdirectmanipulationofinstitutionalformsusedformofcontrolmechanism.
7、Thedesignofthetransmissionthatisnecessarytomeetthedynamicnatureoftheautomobilealsomeetitseconomictargets.Finally,throughthegears,shafts,keys,bearings,etc.checked,thesizeofitstransmissionanditscomponentshavethestrengthtomeetthedesignrequirements.KEYWORDS: