小升初英语衔接教材

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一.语音音素、音标的概念(1)音素是记录英语语音的最小单位，英语共48个音素，20个元音，28个辅音。(2)音标是记录音素的符号，现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[]或者//里。音标的分类记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。1、单元音：[e][ae][a:]网[□:][3][a：][a][u:][u]2、双元音：[ai][ei][ia][au][ua][au][ea][Di]辅音：辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。1、清辅音：[p][t][k][f][S][6][I][tf][tr][ts][h]2、浊辅音：[b][d][g]V][z][5][3][dz][d3][dr][m][n][rj][1][r][w][j]元音：前元音：口:][i][e]㈤后元音：[a:]。:]0[u：][u]中元音：[人][a：][a]双元音：[ai][ei][is][au][ua][au][es][=i]辅音：爆破音：[p][b][t][d][k][g]鼻音：[m][n][Q]摩擦音：山[v][s][z][0]同由[3][r][h]破擦音：[山[d3][tr][dr][ts][dz]半元音：[w]U]舌边音：口]前元音：|i：leat[i:t]吃tea[ti:]茶peach[pi:t]桃he[hi:]他she[i:]她beef[bi:f]牛肉jeep[di:p]吉普车key[ki:]钥匙meat[mil]肉

1|i|fish[fi]鱼kid[kid]小孩fifth[fifQ]第五sister[*sist9]姐妹this[dis]这个is[iz]是|e|desk[desk]桌子six[siks]六pig[pig]猪pencil['pensnl]铅笔dress[dres]连衣裙red[red]红色的bed[bed]床罔bag[[baeg]]包bread[bred]面包fan[fen]风扇jacket[*daekit]夹克衫rabbit['rsebit]兔子pen[pen]钢笔eleven[ilevan]H—egg[eg]蛋math[m加0擞学apple「卸1]苹果can[ksen]可以中元音：IA1cabbage['ksebid]卷心菜young[jij]年轻人funny[ffni]滑稽可笑的Monday[*mndi]星期一Sunday['sndi]lunch[1nt]午餐under[1nd。]在…下面sometimes[*smtaimz]有时卜:]curtain['ka:t9n]窗帘shirt[o:t]衬衫bltoday[t0*dei]今天summer['sm?]夏季her[ho:]她的nurse[ns:s]护士mirror['min]镜子winter[*wint9]冬季skirt[sko:t]裙子thirty[*0a:ti[三十river['rivo「可，江colour[*klo]颜色后元音:

2回］grass[grQ：s]草smart[smQ：t]聪明park[pa:k]公园grandpa[Tgraendpa:]爷爷classroom['kla:srum]教室farmer[%:mo]农夫bathroom['ba:0rum]卫生间are[q:]是0：lfloor[fl:]地板:l］高的short[:t]不足fbr[f:]为了salty[:lti]咸的:1］秋天walk[w:k]走Hlboard[b:d]木板wall[w:1]墙closet[rklzit]壁橱forest[Trist]森林because[bi'kz]因为mom[mm]妈妈what[hwt]什么chopsticks[Ttpstiks]筷子dog[[dg]狗doctor[dkt。]医生sock[sk]袜子|u：lfruit[fru:t]水果noon[num]中午school[sku:l]学校blue[blu:]蓝色的cool[ku:l]凉爽的shoe(u:］鞋子room[ru:m]房间soup[su:p]汤|u|book[buk]书look[luk]看wood[wud]树林classroom[rkla:srum]教室notebook[^outbuk]笔记本bathroom[rba:0rum]卫生间bedroom['bedru(:)m]卧室双元音（一）

3|ai|kind[kaind]和蔼的like[laik]喜欢why[hwai]为什么quiet[Tcwaist]安静的Friday['faidi]星期五behind[bi*haind]在…后面July[d3u:lai]七月fly[flai]飞fight[fait]打架lei]grape[greip]葡萄lake[leik]湖泊eight[eit]J\today[t0*dei]今天they[6ei]他们may[mei]可以name[neim]名字play[plei]玩cake[keik]蛋糕snake[sneik]蛇同here[hio]这里ear[io]耳朵dear[dio]亲爱的ncar[nin]近的really[,rioli]真地卜u|old[ould]老的potato[p^teitou]土豆clothes[kbudz]衣月艮road[mud]马路yellow［'jelou］黄色的cold［kauld］寒冷的双元音（二）［叫sour[*sauo]酸的sure［u。］当然可以flowerlflauo]花|au]flower['flaua[花house[haus]房子about[s'baut]关于now[nau]现在mouth[mau0]嘴巴cloud[klaud[云同there[那里wear[wes]穿着pair[peo]一双yeah[jes]是chair[ts]椅子

4noise[niz]噪音enjoy[irVdi]享受爆破音[Plpencil[Kensal铅笔pen[pen]钢笔picture['pikt3]照片pants[paents]裤子play[plei]玩pear[pg]梨Pig[Pig]猪potato[pa*teit9U]土豆park[park]公园please[pli:z]tf|b|book[buk]书boy[bi]男孩bed[bed]床beef[bi:门牛肉bread[bred]面包brother[Fbr63]兄弟board[b:d]木板big[big]大的banana[bSncKno]香蕉KItwo[tu:]—ten[ten]+time[taim]时间today[tddei]今天twelve[twelv]十二twenty[ftwenti[二十tofu['taufu:]豆腐tomato［匕'm。:抬u］西红柿tasty['teisti]美味的teacher[rti:ts]老师tell[tel]告诉Mldoor[d:]门desk[desk]桌子dog[[d9]狗do[du:]做dinner['dino]晚餐doctor[dkt?]医生duck[dk]鸭子day[dei]一天food[fu:d」食物toy[ti]玩具闻boy[bi]男孩

5|k|kind[kaind]和蔼的kitchen[rkitin]厨房kangaroo[,keengn'ru:]袋鼠climb[klaim]爬，攀登computer[ksm'pjuito]电脑kid[kid]小孩clean[kli:n]清洁的come[km]来cousin['kzon]堂兄弟姐妹[glgirl[go:l]女孩green[gri:n]绿色grape[greip]葡萄grass[gra:s]Mgarden['gQ:dn]花园goat[gout]山羊go[gou徒grandmother['graend,m60]祖母鼻音[mlmilk[milk]牛奶mother[(m母亲me[mi:]我may[mei]可以my[mai]我的mom[mm]妈妈math[maeO]数学mirror['min]镜子mutter['m匕]羊肉[n|nurse[no:s]护士new[nju:]新的name[neim]名字nine[nain]九now[nau]现在Novemberfnsu'vemba]H—月ninth[nainB[第九next[nekst]下次near[nis]近的mistrong[str9,str]强壮long[1ij,l:ij]长的pink[pirjk]粉红色english[fir)gli]英语evening['i:vnig」晚上摩擦音（一）

6friend[trend]朋友fish[fi]鱼father[Tozds]爸爸fan[faen]风扇flow[fbu]流动flower[faun]花for[f:]为了four[f:]四five[faiv]五fresh[fre]新鲜very[rveri]很,非常twelve[twelv[十二vest[vest]背心active['aektiv]积极的summer['smn]夏天five[faiv]五favourite[feivorit]最喜爱的evening['i:vnir)]晚上everyone[七vriwn]每个人vegetable['veditabl]蔬菜[s|student[Mudont]学生sorry['s:ri]对不起six[siks]六strong[strq,str用「强壮seven['sevnn]七strict[strikt]严格的sky[skai]天空summer['smo]夏季sleep[sli:p]睡觉[z]season['si:zon]季节because[biTkz]因为woods[woodz]W林zebra[]斑马zero「zinrgu]零please[pli:z[高兴摩擦音（二）thin[Bin]瘦的fifth[fifQ]第五math[m史。]数学path[pa:0,paeO]道路healthy[rhelOi]健康的ninth[nain0[第九mouth[mau0]嘴巴thirtygti]三十[d]

7theybrother[rbr63]兄弟也ther[]父亲this[3is]这个that[6set]那个[dei]他们there[加3]那里those[6auz挪些Ifl

8fish[fi]鱼fresh[fre]新鲜的english[lijgli]英语short[:t]短的she[i:]她washroom[rwrum]洗手间⑶Usually[ju:3gli]通常[r]ruler['ru:b]尺子really[Yisli]真地river['rivo]河，江|hlher[ho:]她hen[hen]母鸡house[haus,hauz]房子rice[rais]米饭right[rait]正确的road[mud]马路have[hiev]有hundred[fhndrod]一百honey['hni]蜂蜜run[rn]跑red[red]红的fresh[fre]新鲜的help[help]帮助he[hi:池home[hnum]家破擦音[tillunch[1nt]午饭teacher[fti:tn]老师chopsticks['tpstiks]筷子picture[rpikt照片[d3]jeep[di:p]吉普车gym[dim]健身房chair[t8]椅子jacket['daskit]夹克vegetable[fveditnbl」蔬菜cabbage[^aebid]卷心菜jump[dmp]跳strict[strikt]严格的strong[str9,str:q]强壮tree[tri:]树木|dr|hundred[*hndrod]一百draw[dr:]画dress[dres]穿，连衣裙bedroom[*bedru(:)m[卧室[ts]

9short[:ts]短的pants[psents]短裤|dz|woods[wudz]树林半元音|w|window[*windau]窗户wall[w:1]墙weather['wedo1天气windy[*windi]有风的weekend[,wi:k'cnd]周末wait[weit]等候white[hwait]白的winter[*winto]冬季UIyes[yes]是year[j。:]一年yet[jet]但是your[j:[你的，你们的you[ju:]你,你们young[j9]年轻的yesterday['jestoddei]昨天舌边音HIruler[^rurb]尺子milk[milk]牛奶light[lait]JTfloor[fl:]地板shelf[elf]书架plate[pleit]碟子library[laibmri]图书馆help[help]帮助lunch[1nt]中饭二.基本语法知识第1讲BE动词的用法导入：1一Hello!Whatisyourname?2.一Howareyoutoday?—Hello!MynameisLily.—Iamfine,thankyou.思考：1）红色单词是（）动词？2）这样的动词是（）（）（）I.系动词be1加为连系动词，词义是”是“，句型为“主+系+表”结构。当be动词做系动词使用时，主要构成“系动词+表语''的结构，在句子中做谓语。表语可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。［典例1］Iastudent.A.isB.amC.are（分析：要解决此题，关键找准主语人称代词I,因此选B）

102.巧记：我（I）用am,你（you）用are,is连着他（he）,她（she）,它（it）;主语是单数名词用is/was,主语是复数名词用are/were（you除外）【典例2】用Be动词的正确形式填空。1.）JaneandTommyfriends.2.）Myparentsverybusyeveryday.3.）Shemybestfriend.（1、2主语都是复数，因此填写are；3是单数，因此填写is）3.1am=Fmheis=he'ssheis=she,sitis=it*sweare=we'reyouare=you'retheyare=they're【典例3］我们是朋友。friends.（主语数我们，且be动词用复数，横线只有一根，首字母大写因此填WeTe）4.含有Be动词的否定句：只需在be（am,is,are,was,were）后面加上not就行。但要注意缩写形式。am与not一起时不缩写；is与not缩写为isn't,arenot缩写为aren't【典例4】译：我不是一个学生。Iastudent.（根据主语及否定意义，因此填amnot）5.含有Be动词的一般疑问句：把be动词提到句子开头就行，第一人称改为第二人称，句末用问号。【典例5】Iamastudent.（改为一般疑问句，做肯定、否定回答）youastudent?Yes,I.（把be动词提到句子开头就行，第•人称I改为第二人称you,因此用be动词are,后面对应人称I,因此用am）H.助动词be助动词be有两个基本用法，一是与谓语动词一起构成各种时态，二是构成被动语态（以后学习）。1.1）现在进行时①be+现在分词，构成进行时态，第一人称+am+v・ing第二人称+are+v-ing第三人称+is+v・ing【典例6］他们正在开会。Theyhavingameeting.（因为They,因此用are）②否定句式：主语+be（am,is,are）+not+现在分词+其它.一般疑问句：Be（am,is,are）+主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be（am,is,are）+主语+现在分词+其它？［典例7］他没有看电视，他在玩游戏。HewatchingTV.Heplayinggames.（he是单数，又是否定，因此用isn't；后一空是肯定，用is）2）Therebe句型therebe句式为：therebe+主语部分+状语部分，表示“某处存在某物”，be常用现在时.注意：

11Therebe句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项名词的单复数决定，这就是就近原则。［典例8］如：Thereapen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.（在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是山于离be动词最近的一项是单数apen,因此,be动词用单数iso）［典例9］Thereabookandthreecatsthere.Therethreecatsandabookthere.（利用就近原则，因此答案分别为is；are）ni.总结L系动词be+表语2.助动词be+Ving及TherebeIV.随堂练习：A.用be动词的正确形式填空。1.1aboy.youaboy?No,Inot.2.ThegirlJack'ssister.3.Thedogtallandfat.4.yourbrotherintheclassroom?5.Whereyourmother?Sheathome.6.Howyourfather?7.MikeandLiuTaoatschool.8.Whosedressthis?9.Whosesocksthey?10.Thatmyredskirt.11.WhoI?12.Thejeansonthedesk.13.Hereascarfforyou.1.1.Heresomesweatersforyou.15.TheblackglovesforSuYang.16.-theybigandstrong?—Yes,they17.—Who_he?—He_mybrotherTom.18.—Who_she?—She_myclassmate.19.—Howold_you?—Ithirteen.20.―.youhappytoday?—No,I_not.Tmsad.答案：A：l.am;Are;am2.is3.is4.1s5.is;is6.is;7.are8.is9.arelO.is11.am12.are13.is14.are15.are16.Are;are17.is;is18.is;is19.are;am2O.Are;amB.选择填空

12()1.Theresomemilk,someeggsandafewapplesonthetable.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()2.Theresomanygreentreesonbothsidesofthestreet.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()3.Thereanythingnewintoday*snewspaper.A.isB.areC.isn'tD.aren't()4.therebooksontheshelfA.Are;aB.Is;aC.Have;someD.Are;any()5.TheremanyelephantsinAfrica.A.isB.has()6.-Isthereahotelnearhere?C.areD.haveA.Yes,pleaseB.Notatall()7.Arethereanyonthetable?C.Sorry,!don'tknowD.HereyouareA.meatB.cheeseC.tomatoesD.paper()8.—Whereismywallet?-Thereablackoneonthefloor.A.isB.areC.hasD.have（）9.There*seraserondesk.A.an;theB.the;aC.the;theD.an;/（）10.Wehavinglunch,wewatchingTV.A.amnot,amB.are,aren'tCaren't,areDisn't,is答案：B:1.A2.B3.A.4.D5.C6.C7.A8.A9.A10.CC.句型转换。1.Heisagoodboy.（变成否定句）Heagoodboy.2.Thisisaninterestingbook.（变成一般疑问句，并做肯定、否定回答。）thisaninterestingbook?Yes,it.No,it.3.1tisabird.（把句子变成复数）Theybirds.答案：C.1.isn't2.Is;is;isn't3.are知识就是力量.Knowledgeispower第2讲形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词导入：Thisismybook.Thatisyourpen.Itishisdog.Theyareherfriends.Itisourclassroom.Heistheirteacher.同学们，你们知道它们是什么代词吗？（形容词性的物主代词）I.定义形容词性物主代词是物主代词的一种（另一种为人称代词），置于名词前，起修饰作用，表示某人的。形容词性物主代词有：my（我的），your（你的、你们的），our（我们的），his

13（他的），her（她的），its（它的），their（他们的）。形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特性，常放在名词前面作定语，表明该名词所表示的人或物是“谁的”I.用法介绍1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中只能用作定语，后面必须跟名词。【典例1]Thisis（他的）pencil.（答案：his）2.如果名词前用了形容词性物主代词，就不能再用冠词（a,an,the）、指示代词（this,that,these,those）等修饰词【典例2]这是她的的书桌。Thisisdesk.（答案：her）3,与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。【典例3]Englishbooks他的英语书，Chinesefriends他们的中国朋友。（答案：his/their）4.汉语中经常会出现"我妈妈"，"你们老师"等这样的语言现象，虽然代词用的是"我"、"你们"，但实际意义仍是"我的"、"你们的"，所以在英译时，注意要用形容词性物主代词,lmyt\"yourHo【典例4］你妈妈在家吗？误：Isyoumotherathome?IE：Isyourmotherathome?5.心与这读音相同，hds与his读音相似，但使用时需注意它们的区别（心和hel分别是itis和heis的缩略形式，但这和his却是形容词性物主代词）。【典例5】It'sabird.nameisPolly.它是一只鸟。它的名字叫Polly（答案：Its）He，sastudent.motherisateacher.他是一名学生。他妈妈是一位教师（答案：His）6.【形容词性物主代词的单、复数】：单数形式:my（我的），your（你的），his/her/its（他的、她的、它的）。复数形式：our（我们的），your（你们的），their（他们的）【典例6】ThisismyEnglishbook.（把句子变成复数）TheseareEnglishbooks.（答案：our）I.随堂练习。一.写出以下单词的形容词性的物主代词1.you.he.she.it.weyou.they.答案：一myyourhisheritsouryourtheir二.翻译.1他的画2她的老师3它的名字4我的计算机5你的猫6她的书包答案:二・1.hispicture2.herteacher3.itsname4.mycomputer5.yourcat6.herbag

14三.・写出下列词的相应形式.1.）his（主格）2）.her（主格）3）.this（反义词）4）.donot（缩写）5）.goodbye（同义词）6）.who,s（完全式）答案：H.l.He2.she3.That4.don,t5.Bye6.whois四,写出下面句子正确的词.1.Thisisnotdesk.Mydeskisoverthere.2.―Canyouspellname,Harry?—Sorry.3.TomandJackarebrothers.Thisisroom.4.Weareinthesameclass.classroomisverynice.5.MrsGreenismyteacher.Fmstudent.

156.Tomisintheroom.Thisispencil-box.7.SamandPeter,lookathands,Theyaresodirty.8.That'sacat.nameisMimi.9.一M汰e,isthispicture?--Yes,itis.10Canweputcoatshere?-Yes,youcan.1l.Mum,theyareclassmatesRoseandbrotherDavid.12.Jack,wherearesocks?答案：四.l.myl.your3.their4.Our5.her6.his7.their8.1ts9.yourlO.our1l.my1l.your五.单项选择.()l.Thisisagirl.nameisLily.A.HisB.SheC.HerD.Its()2.ThisisWangFang.istwelve.A.HisB.SheC.HerD.Its()3.1agirl.nameisWangHong.A.am;MyB.isHerC.amYourD.is;He()4.LiLeiaboy.isinclassA.am;HeB.isSheC.are;HisD.is;He()5.1sthecatfriend?Yes,.A.your;itisn'tB.heitis()6.Thisisabird.,1don'tknowC.your;itisname.D.her;itisn'tA.its,B.ifsC.it()7.HowoldisSpotty?D.itsfive.A.its,B.ifsC.it()8.whatisaboy.Doyouknowname?(he)isaparrot.nameisJiJi.(it)3.fatherisanEnglishteacher.ismyfriend.nameisKitty,(she)4.Lilyandareinthesameclass.numberiseleven.(I)5.Whereisteacher,doknow?(you)6.AreJapanesefriends?No,aren't.(they)7.oldfriend/X/U(a)sthis?It'sD.itspencil.A.myaB.amyC.mytheD.my()9.1thinkMrsWang.A.he'sB.HisC.she's()lOWhat'sthat?D.it'sisacat.A.He'sB.HisC.She'sD.Ifs答案：五l.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.D7.B8.D9.C10.A六.用括号中所给词的正确形式填空：

16.8.Thisisacat,butIdon'tknowname.1.1'maChineseboy.nameisMaWeiping.10.Lookatthatman.Canyouspellname?11.1knowthatwoman.bikeisveryold.l2.MrYeisnothere.Where's'13.WhatisthisinEnglish?Isadog?14.--AreMrsRead?Sorry,amMrBlack.15.Excuse,isaJapanesecar?16.areanewstudent（学生）.What'sname?答案：六.l.He;his2.1t;its3.Her;She;her4.1;My5.your;you6.they;their;they7.an;an;a8.its9.MylO.his11.herIZ.she13.it14.you;I15.me;it16.You;your时不我待.Timeandtidewaitnoman.第3讲名词性物主代词Mineisonthedesk.Oursisintheclassroom.Yoursisgood.ItsnameisZhuli.导入：ThisisnotmyEnglishbook.Thisisn'tourteacher.Mymathisn'tgood.Pollyisn'titsname.I.名词性物主代词1.定义。名词性物主代诃常用来代替前面已经提及的代词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”例：Thisismybook.2.种类：单数：mineyours复数oursyourshishersitstheirsWhereisyours?Mybookisdifferentfromyours.II.形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别。1.最简单的区别方法：后面是名词的话，前面就要用形容词性物主代词。后面没有名词的话，就用名词性物主代词。isold.（你的）（答案：My;Yours）【典例1.】bookisnew.（我的）2.口诀有“名”则”形“，无“名”则“名，意思是：后面是名词的话，前面就要用形容词性物主代词。后面没有名词的话，就用名词性物主代词。3.名词性物主代词起名词的作用。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。只有上文提及了某个名词，才会知道名词性物主代词指代的事物。[典例2.]Yourpenisblack.（my）isblue.（答案：根据情景，句子暗示是我的钢笔，因此用Mine）4,形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。例：（l）.Thisismybook.这是我的书。（2）.Weloveourmotherland.我们热爱我们的祖国。

175.名词性物主代词起名词的作用o例：（l）.Lookatthetwopencils.Theredoneisyoursandtheblueoneismine.看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。（2）.Helikesmypen.Hedoesn'tlikehers.他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。6.注意：在使用名词性物主代词时，必须有特定的语言环境，也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道，已经提起过。例：Ifshers.是她的。（单独使用大家不知是怎么回事，不可以这样用）Thereisabook.It5shers.那有本书。是她的。（先提及，大家才明白）7."名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词"为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。［典例3.1：Mybagisyellow,herbagisred,hisbagisblueandyourbagispink.我的书包是黄色的，她的是红色的，他的书包是蓝色的，你的包是粉红色的。为避免重复使用bag,可写成Mybagisyellow,isred,isblueandispink.（答案:hers/hisyours）8.用法：（1）物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用。例如：Johnhadcuthisfinger;apparentlytherewasabrokenglassonhisdesk.约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。物主代词有形容词性（mv.your等）和名词性（mine.yours等）两种，形容词性的物主代词属于限定词。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的蛆结构。例如：Jack'scap=ThecapisJack's.=Thecapishis.Ill名词性物主代词的句法功能a.作主语。例如：MayIuseyourpen?Yoursworksbetter.我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？你的比我的好用。b.作宾语。例如：Ilovemymotherlandasmuchasyouloveyours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c.作介词宾语。例如：YourshouldinterpretwhatIsaidinmysenseoftheword,notinyours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d.作主语补语，（了解）例如：Thelifb1haveisyours.It'syours.It'syours.我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。IV.总结1.名词性物主代词的含义。2.名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的区别。3.名词性物主代词的作用。V.能力拓展练习。

18A用适当的代词填空1.Theseare(他们的)books.2.Thosebooksare(他们的).3.1sthis(你的)photo?4.1sthisphoto(你的)？5.1sthis她的)bag?6.1sthisbag(她的)？7.(他们的)shoesareold.8.Theoldshoesare(他们的).9.Thisis(我的)photo.10.Thisphotois(我的).11.Thatis(你的)photo.12.Thatphotois(你的).13.(我们的)classroomisbig.14.Thebigclassroomis(我们的).15.(他的)hatisred.16.Theredhatis(他的)答案：A:1.theirZ.theirs3.your4.yours5.her6.hers7.Their8.theirs9.mylO.mine11.yourIZ.yours13.Ourl4.ours15.Their16.hisB.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)2.Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)3.Isthiswatch?(you)No,ifsnot__.(I)4._ismybrother.nameisJack.Look!ThosepensareJhe)5.dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)6.Herearemanyboxes,whichoneis?(she)7.1canfindmypen,butwhere's?(you)8Ihaveabeautifulcat.nameisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)9..Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)10.__ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?astudent.(she)ILThatisnotwatch.isathome.(he)12.Whereare?Ican'tfind.Let'scalltheir_parents.(they)13.Don'ttouch_notacat,atiger!(it)14.don'tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell.(we)15.Somanydogs.Lefscount.(they)16.1havealovelybrother.isonly3.Ilikeverymuch.(he)

1917..MayIsitbeside?(you)18.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon.(it)答案：B.l.my;mine2._hers_;her3.your;mine4.He;His;his5.Our;yours6hers7.yours8.Its;its9.we;our10She;,her;She's11.his;His12.they;them13.it;It's;It's14.We;_us_15them;16.He;him17.__you18.itC.、用am,is,are填空1.1aboy.youaboy?No,Inot.2.ThegirlJack*ssister.3.Thedog_tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyesateacher.5.yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Whereyourmother?Sheathome.7.Howyourfather?8.MikeandLiuTaoatschool.9.Whosedressthis?10.Whosesocksthey?11.Thatmyredskirt.12.Who_I?13.Thejeansonthedesk.14.Heresomesweatersforyou.15.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.16.Someteaintheglass.18.Gaoshan*sshirtoverthere.答案：C.l.am;Are;am2.is;is3.is4.is;5.Is6.is7.Jsare8are9.is10are11.is12.am13are14.arel5are16is17.is18._isD.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词练习题()1.Thisismybook.areoverthere.A.YourB.YoursC.YouD.Mine()2.Whosepenisit?Ifs.A.herB.hersC.sheD.his()3.bagisnewandisnew,too.A.Our,heB.Ours,hisC.My,hisD.My,her()4.Thisroomisours,andthatoneis.A.theyB.themC.theirsD.their()5.Whosepencilsarethere?They're.A.myB.meC.mineD.our()6.Isthenewwatch?Yes,it's.A.you,meB.yours,mineC.your,myD.your,mine()7.Whoseshoesarethese?Theyare.

20A.meB.mineC.my()8.Sheisastudent,nameisHanMei.A.itsB.herC.hersD.his()9.It'sadog.Idon'tknowname.A.its'B.itsC.itD.it's()10.Thisrulerisn'tmine.Ithinkitis.A.heB.himC.hisD.her()11.schoolbagisbeautiful.Butismorebeautiful.A.Jims,myB.Jim's,mineC.Jim's,meD.Jims\I()12.amaboyandisagirl.A.My,sheB.I,herC.I,sheD.Mine,she()13.1likenewdress.A.SheB.herC.hersD.his()14.1oftenhelpmotherdohousework(家务活)。A.me,sheB.mine,herC.my,herD.I,hers()15.Isthathat?No,it'snot.It's.A.your,my,TomsB.you,mine,Tom'sC.yours,mine,TomD.your,mine,Tom's答案：LB.2.B3.C4.C5.C6.B7.B8.B9.B10.C.ll.B12.C13.B14.C15D少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar.第4讲人称代词的讲解及用法导入:Iamateacher.Heisalittleboy.Itisabird.Youarestudents.Sheismysister.Wearefriends.I.定义.1.人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词.2.人称代词分主格和宾格。3.人称代词表格。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数人称代词主格Iweyouyousheheitthey宾格Meusyouyouherhimitthem物主代词形容词，性：myouryouryourherhisitstheir名词性mineoursyoursyourshershisitstheirsn.人称代词的用法：

21.作主语，用主格。Sheismyclassmate..作宾语，用宾格。Herfatherlovesher..作表语，用主格，口语中常用宾格。Whoisit?It'sme..作同位语，用主格和宾格。Theystudyhard,sheandhe.Theteacherlovesthem,herandhim.【典例1]amKitty.ThisisAmy.ismyclassmate.aregoodfriends.likeplayingvolleyball._isveryinteresting.PeterandSimonaremyclassmates,too.likeplayingfootballverymuch.Whatdolike?(答案：I;She;We;I;It;They;you)1.人称代词主格的用法人称代词用来代替表示人或事物的名词，以便不再重复使用名词。人称代词主格用来替作主语的名词。用法举例：l)MynameisMillie.IliveinBeijing.(I代自己，Millie)2)Sandy,doyouknowwhereMrWuis?(you代对方，指Sandy)3)Simonlovesfootball.Heisamemberofthefootballteam.(he代Simon)4)MillielovesEddie.Shelooksafterhimeveryday.(she代替Millie)5)Thisbookisveryinteresting.Itisaboutcartoons,(it代替thisbook)6)1amDanielandthisisAmy.WeareinClass1,Grade7.(we代替AmyandI)7)“SimonandMillie,youworktogether,saysMrWu.(you指对方，SimonandMillie)8)DanielandKiltygohometogether.Theyliveneareachother,(they代替DanielandKitty)【典例2】SandyplaysvolleyballeveryTuesday,ThursdayandFriday.isatthevolleyballcourtfrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.ThenmeetsupwithSimonanddotheirhomeworktogether.(答案：She;she;they)2.人称代词宾格的用法人称代词用来代替表示人或事物的名词，以便不再重复使用名词。人称代词宾格用来代替作动词或介词宾语的名词。

221）A11myfriendsarereallygreat!Ilovethemverymuch,（them作love这个动词的宾语，代替allmyfriends这个名词短语）2）Myschoolisverybig.Ilikeitverymuch.（it作动词like的宾语，代替myschool）【典例2】Iamateacher.Mystudentslike.（答案：me）Youarestudents.IteachEnglish.（答案：you）Sheisagirl.WecallShirley.（答案：her）Heisaboy.Alltheboyslikebecauseheisgoodatfootball.（答案：him）Theyarepartners.OurEnglishteacherlikestoasktoreadthedialogues.（答案：them）Wearefriends.Ourclassmatescall_sisters.（答案：us）3、人称代词的语序几个人称代词并列作主语时，它们的顺序是：单数形式（2,3,1）you,heandI复数形式（1,2,3）we,youandtheyIB.总结。在下面的表格中填上相应的代词人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyousheheitthey宾格themIV.练习：一、用适当的人称代词填空：1.ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit.2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.liesintheeastofAsia.3.ProfessorWangsetsagoodexample.Wemustlearnfrom.4.Whatdayistoday?—isThursday.5.Howfaristhethunder?—isthreekilometersaway.6.Iownabluebike.Theredonedoesn'tbelongto.7.Thesenewhousesaresonice.areveryexpensive.8.saythatthoseoldhouseswillberebuilt.9.Isthemilkmanatthedoor?—Yes,that's.10.Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didn't?11.LingLingisagirl.studiesinaprimaryschool.

23Herbrotherliveswithandhelpstopreparethelessons.1.Theshipislyingatanchor(停泊).comesfromShanghai.2.Thisphotoofyourmotherisverymuchlikeher.Ilike.3.Mikeismyclassmate.isgoodatphysics.4.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto?5.What'stheweatherliketoday?iscloudy.答案：1.She,her2.1t3.us,him4.it,It5.1t6.me7.They8.They9.he,himlO.they11.She,her,her12.lt13.it14.He15.him16.lt二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空11.1ateallsandwichesyesterday.CanIhaveoneof?2.TellTomnottoforgetbook.Andyoumustn'tforget.3.Georgehaslostpen.AskMaryif(是否)shewilllendhim.4..JackhasadogandsohaveI.dogandhadafight(打架).5.Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof6.M匚andMrs.Greenandafriendofarecomingtoseeus.7.Marywantstoknowif(是否)you'veseenapairofglovesof.8.WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof.答案:l.my,yours2.his,yours3.his,hers4.His,mine5.his6.theirs7.hers8.ours三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空A.从括号内选择正确的代词填空1.Yourfootballclothesareonthedesk.Pleaseput(they,them,their,theirs)away.2.(We»Us,Our,Ours)EnglishteacherisMrs.Green.Wealllike(she,her,hers).3.(I,Me,My,Mine)can'tgetmykite.Couldyouhelp(I»me,my,mine)?4.Tomcan'tgetdownfromthetree.Canyouhelp(he,him,his)?5.Herkiteisbroken.Can(you,your,yours)mendit?6.Wecan'tfindourbikes.Canyouhelp(we,us,our,ours)?7.Theseare(he,him,his)planes.Thewhiteonesare(I,me,mine).答案:A)Lthem2.Our,her3.1,me4.him5.you6.us7.his,mine四、用括号中的适当形式填空A)(1)Arethese(you)pencils?Yes,theyare(our).

24(2)—Whoseisthispencil?一It's(I).

25(3)Ilove(they)verymuch.(4)Sheis(I)classmate.(5)MissLioftenlooksafter(she)brother.(6)—Arethese(they)bags?—No,theyaren't(their).Theyare(we).答案:1.your,ours2.mine3.them4.my5.her6.their,theirs,ours世上无难事，只要肯登攀.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.第5讲I.复习BE动词1>be动词的用法。beam/isarewaswere单数复数助动词与BE动词的区别现在时过去时英语中，be动诃选用单数还是复数，要山主语来定，主语是单数，就用单数,反之用复数。♦句中含有be动词时：肯定句：否定句：•般疑问句:特殊疑问句:主语+be+其他主语+be+not+其他Be+主语+其他+?疑问词(what/who/when/where)+be+主语+其他+?Iamateacher.Sheis16yearsold.Thestudentsareplayinggames.Thereisapictureonthewall.Therearetwobooksonthetable.Youareright.Myfatherisathome.Myteacherwasillyesterday.★be动词用法歌：我用am,你用are,is连接他她它。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃；变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记;疑问否定任你变，句苜大写莫迟疑。★be动词作谓语，它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介诃短语。II助动词的用法.1.助动词：帮助一个句子构成否定句、疑问句，不充当任何成分和任何意义。2.初一年级的助动词一般是do/docs.3.英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物”+“做什么”，即，我们常说的“主语+谓语+其他但要进行句型转换时，句中谓语为行为动词，就要借助助动词do/does.①主语为I或复数名词、代词时：肯定句：I/We/They/Thestudents+动词原形+其他+.WewatchTVeverynight.变否定：主语+don't+动词原形+其他+o

26Wedon'twatchTVeverynight.一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他+?DoyouwatchTVeverynight?Yes,wedo./No,wedon't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+do+主语+动词原形+其他+?HowoftendoyouwatchTV?②主语为单数名词或代词时：肯定句：主语+动词第三人称单数形式+其他+。HewatchesTVeverynight.否定句：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他+。Hedoesn'twatchTVeverynight.•般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+其他+?DoeshewatchTVeverynight?Yes,hedocs./No,hedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+does+主语+动词原形+其他+?HowoftendoeshewatchTV?4.作为行为动词，跟其他动词一样，如study,play等。他的意思是“做”等。如：Weusuallydoourhomeworkintheafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkintheevening.在这两句话中的do/does”做”的意思，且充当谓语，因此是行为动词。上面有一句Hedoeshishomeworkintheevening.要是变成否定句就成了这个样子：Hedoesn'tdohishomeworkintheevening.这里加上了助动词doesnt,而原来的主动词docs变成原形do了。in.总结IV.练习一.用be动词适当的词填空。1.1fromAustralia.2.Sheastudent.3.JaneandTommyfriends.4.Myparentsverybusyeveryday.1.1anEnglishteachernow.6.Whereyoufrom?7.Thelightgreen.8.MynameLiDong.Itwelve.9.theyyournewfriends?1.11aboy.youaboy?No,Inot.11.ThegirlJack'ssister.12.Thedogtallandfat.

2711.yourbrotherintheclassroom?12.Whereyourmother?Sheathome.13.Whosedressthis?14.Thatmyredskirt.15.Someteaintheglass.16.Gaoshan'sshirtoverthere.17.WhoI?18.Mysister'snameNancy.答案：1.am;2.is;3.are;4.are;5.am;6are;7.is;8.is/am9.Are;10.amll.is;12.is;13.Is;14is;isl5.is;16.isl7is;18.is;19am;20.is;二.把下列动词变为第三人称单数形式。l.live2.1ike3.do4.wake5.watch6.play7.have8.eat9.worklO.fly11.speak12.go13.sing14.wash15.study16.drive17.ride18.try答案：1.lives2.likes3.does4.wakcs5.watches6.plays7.has8.cats9.works10.fliesll.speakl2.goesl3.singsl4.washesl5.studiesl6.drivesl7.rides18.tries三、选择填空。()1.1usuallyacakeonSaturday.A.makeB.makesC.making()2.SheA.wanttoplaycarswithhersister.B.wantingC.wants()3.WegohomeA.doesn'tB.aren't()4.Mr.Wangdoesn't_A.likeB.likesat5:30C.don'tyellow.C.likedeveryday.()5.Thepupilsverywell.A.don'tsingB.aren'tsingC.doesn'tsing()6.Mikedoesn'tthat.A.doesB.doC.\()7.Theboystheirhomeworkafterschoolintheafternoon.A.doB.doesC.are()8.MymotherTVintheafternoon.A.watchB.watchsC.watches()9.1musicverymuch.A.amB.likeC.amlike()10..TheyhaveMathseveryday.A.\B.doesC.are()11.Xiaofanghard.A.workB.workingC.works()12..Shewithhermatherandfather.A.isliveB.isn'tliveC.lives

28()13..TomandIspeakChinese.A.doesn'tB.don'tC.does()14..LiPinghimeveryday.A.doesn'tseeB.seeC.don'tsee答案:1.A2.C3.C4.A5.A6.B7.A8.C9.B10.A11.C12.C13.B14.A第6讲一般现在时的讲解及用法导入：IlikeEnglish.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.Theyarefriendly.Wedon'tfightwitheachother.同学们：这些句子都用了什么时态？I、定义与讲解1.一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。2.时间状语：often经常，usually通常，always总是，every每个，sometimes有时，at…在几点钟3.只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。三单变化：1.)多数在动词后+splay一playslike一likes(1)直接在动词词尾加・s.ask・・・askswork・・・worksget-―getsstay---stays(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch■一watcheswishwishesfix-fixesdo■■-doesgo--goespass■一passes(3)以“辅音字母加・y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try—・triesstudystudiescry——criesfly-flies2.)不规则变化：be——isarehave——hasIL一般现在时用法1.表示经常性，习惯性，永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes,often,usually,always,everyday(year,month),once(twice,threetimes)aday,等时间状语连用。Theyusuallygotoschoolbybike.Itakethemedicinethreetimesaday.Shehelpshermotheronceaweek.Mary'sfatherisapoliceman.Thereare50studentsinmyclass.2.表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。

29Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewesteveryday.ThemanwhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotarealman.TomorrowisTuesday.Ilk一般现在时的句子转换：(1)当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：①陈述句：Sheisastudent.疑问句.Issheastudent?否定句—Sheisnotastudent.②陈述句：Icanswim.疑问句一Canyouswim否定句—Icannotswim.(2)当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do(you,以及复数)，does(单数she,he,it)变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don't(I,you,以及复数)，doesn't(单数she,he,it)变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：①陈述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.疑问句—Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句—Wedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasalittlebrother.助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：①陈述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.疑问句一Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句—Wedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasalittlebrother.疑问句tDoesshehavealittlebrother?否定句一Shedoesn'thavealittlebrother.IV.总结V.随堂练习A写出第三人称单数：washmatchguessstudyfinishgosnowcarryB.用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.HeTVeveryevening,(watch)2.Wealwaystoschoolonfoot,(go)3.Tom,withhisclassmates,oftenfootballafterschool,(play)4.Yourshoesunderthebed.(be)5.hereandbyme.(come,stand)6.Hisuncleusuallytoworkbybus.(go)

307.1alwaysupatsixinthemorning.(get)8.Johnlikehisfather,(look)答案：1.watches2.go3.plays4.are5.come,stand6.goes7.get,got8.looksC完成句子根据所给中文意思，在空白处填入适当词语完成句子。1.该吃晚饭了。it'stimeto.2.你想来点儿面包吗？wouldyousome?3.安娜太小，还不能上学。annisyounggotoschool.4.约翰跑得和我一样快。johnrunsfastme.5.布莱克太太经常在英语上帮助我们。mrs.blackoftenusourenglish.6.老师让我们每天说英语。theteachertellsusenglisheveryday.7.为什么不让孩子们做他们喜欢的事情？letthechildrendowhattheylike?答案：1.it'stimetohavesuppen2.wouldyoulikesomebread?3.annistooyoungtogotoschool.4.johnrunsasfastasme.5.mrs.blackoftenhelpsuswithourenglish.6.theteachertellsustospeakenglisheveryday.7.whynotletthechildrendowhattheylike?D、用词的适当形式填空。1.Whattimehisfather(do)thework?2.He(get)upatfiveo'clock.3.you(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?5.Tom(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6.Kittysometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,she(watch)TVwithherparents.8.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessonsyourclassmates(have)onMonday?10.Weoften(play)footballintheplayground.答案：l.does,do2.gets3.Do,brush4.does,do5.studies6.goes7.watches8.Does,read9.do,have10.playE.选择()1.youhaveabook?A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have

31()2.Theyonafarm.A.workingB.isworkC.workD.isworked()3.DoesPeterliketowatchTV?.A.Yes,helikeB.No,hedoesn'tC.Yes,he'dlikeD.No,helikes()4.Shedoesn'therhomeworkintheafternoon.A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do()5.HowMr.BrowntoAmerica?A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes()6.Where'smycamera?Iit.A.amnotfindingB.amnotseeingC.can'tfindD.can'tlookat()7.Howhegotowork?Hetoworkbybike.A.doesgoB.do;goesC.dogoD.does;goes()8.youusuallylateforschool?No,.A.DoIamB.DoesnotC.AreI'mnotD.AreIaren't()9.shehomeatsixeveryday?A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left()10.Mr.YangEnglishthisterm.A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachsusD.teachour答案：1--5ACBDC6—10CDCBBF:按照要求改写句子1.LiMingwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)2.1domyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)3.Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）4.Amy'smotherlikesplayingcomputergames.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）5.Wegotoschooleverymoming.(改为否定句)答案：1.LiMingdoesn'twatchTVeveryevening.2.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?No,Idon't.3.Doesshelikemilk?Yes,shedoes.4.DoesAmy'motherlikeplayingcomputergames?No,shedoesn't.5・Wedon'tgotoschooleverymorning.不进则退.Nottoadvanceistogoback.

32第7讲名词复数⑴导入：Beijing*China,Lucy,Lily;book,sadness同学们，他们都是（）词。I.名词名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人,地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：guno2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：familyo3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：airo4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：worko个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。II.名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词L一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/m叩-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-cars2.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加-es读/iz/bus-buses/watch-watches3.以ce,se,ze,等结尾加读/iz/license-licenses4.以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加es读/z/baby—babiesIII.其它名词复数的规则变化1）以元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如:holiday・・・holidayspiano■―pianoszoo-zoos；tomato-tomatoesmonkey・・・monkeys2）以。结尾的名词，变复数时:a.力口s,如：photo—photosradio---radiosb.力□es,如：potato-potatoesC.上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero■■-zeros/zeroes03）以f或色结尾的名词变复数时：a.力口s,如：belief—beliefsroof—roofssafesafesgulf—gulfs；b.去f,fb加ves,如：half—halvesknife---knivesleaf—leaveswolf-wolves

33wife■一wiveslife■--livesthief-thieves；c.上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchievesoIV名词复数的不规则变化1）child--childrenfoot-一feettooth-一teethmouse-一miceman-一menwoman--women注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是・men和.women,如anEnglishman,twoEnglishmeno但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Gennans；Bowman是姓，其复数是theBowmanso2）单复同形，如deer,sheep»fish»Chinese,Japanese,li,jin,yuan,twoli,threemu,fburjin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometerso3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数，不能说apeople,apolice,acattle>但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。b.news为不可数名词。c.theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses（眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数S，要借助数量词pair（对，双）；suit（套）；apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers等。6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。IV.总结所讲内容V.随堂练习一、请写出下列词的复数形式。cityzoocountrytoothmouse_boybroomcartreehorsebusfoxbranchbabyfamilydishradiophotopianoknifeeaflifethiefmanwomanchildfootthiswatchdiarydaybookdresssheepteaboxstrawbern

34()1.The_inouryardareverybeautiful.A.clothB.waterC.flowers()2.TomisoneoftheChineseinourschool.A.boyB.boysC.boies()3.Acathasfour,doesn*tit?A.footsB.feetC.feets()4.Therearethreeandfiveintheroom.A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Japanese()5.Canyouseenineinthepicture?A.fishB.bookC.hors()6.Thehastwo.A.boy;watchB.boy;watchesC.boys;watch()7.Theareflyingbacktotheircountry.A.GermanyB.GermanysC.Germans()8.Thegirlbrusheshereverydaybeforeshegoestobed.A.toothsB.teethC.teeths()9.1sawmanyinthestreet.A.peoplesB.peopleC.people's()10.Thegreensweaterishis.A.brotherB.brothersC.brother's答案：l.C2.B3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.B9.B10.C四.填入所给名词的正确形式1.1havetwo(knife)2.Therearemanyhere,(box)3.Therearemanyontheroad,(bus)4.Afewaredrawingonthewall,(boy)5.Theareplayingfootballnow.(child)6.Pleasetaketwoforme.(photo)6.1likethered.(tomato)8.Wouldyoupleasecleanyournow?(tooth)9.Doyouwantsome?(milk)10.Thereareteninourschool,(womanteacher)答案：1.knivesZ.boxes3.buses4.boys5.children6.photos7.tomatoes8.teeth9.milklO.womenteachers细节决定成败.Detailsisthekeytosuccess.第8讲名词复数（2）

35导入：foodwaterteaadvice同学们，这些名词可数吗？studentsreading-room;menworkerswomenteachersgentlemenofficials这些名词作定语时是否有特殊性？I.不可数名词量的表示1）物质名词a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较：Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如：Thisfactoryproducessteel.（不可数）Weneedvarioussteels.（可数）c.当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名。Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。2）抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如：fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如aglassofwater一杯水/apieceofadvice一则建议。II.定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。1）用复数作定语。例如：sportsmeeting运动会studentsreading-room学生阅览室talkstable谈判桌theforeignlanguagesdepartment外语系2）man,woman,gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：menworkerswomenteachersgentlemenofficials3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如：clothesbrush衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如：two-dozeneggs两打鸡蛋aten-milewalk卜英里路two・himdredtrees两百棵树afive-yearplan.一个五年计划

36ni.不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedesIV.名词的格英语中有些名词可以加，"S"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,$11：ateacher'sbooko名词所有格的规则如下:1）单数名词词尾加"'s",复数名词词尾没有s,也要加上"，tatheboy'sbag男孩的书包，men'sroom男厕所。2）若名词已有复数词尾-s,只加如：theworkers'struggle工人的斗争。3）凡不能加以"的名词，都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：thetitleofthesong歌的名字。4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，thebarber's理发店。5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有，s,则表示"分别有"；只有一个，s,则表示，共有，。例如：John'sandMary'srooms（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（-I'fiJ）6）复合名词或短语，'s加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：amonthortwo'sabsenceV.总结本堂课所讲VI.练习。一.请把下列各词变成复数形式。1、hero2、potato3、match4、boy5^city6>kangaroo7>radio8、zoo9、photo10.leaf11、knife12、scarf13、mouth14、man15、foot16、tooth17、child18、mouse19、woman20、Chinese21、sheep22、fish23、glass答案：1、heroes2、potatoes3、matches4、boys5、cities6、kangaroos

377、radios8、zoos9>photos10、leaves11%knives12^scarves/scarfs13、mouths14、men15、feet16、teeth17、children18、mice19、women20、Chinese21>sheep22、fishes/fish23>glasses二.请填空。1.1(havegot)manynew(friend).2.She(havegot)fbur(photo).3.They(havegot)a(teacher).4.1t(havegot)fbur(leg).5.Twobirds(be)black.Onebird(be)yellow.答案：l.havegot,friends2.hasgot,mangos\mangoes3.havegot,teacher4.hasgot,legs5.are,is.三.练习题：()1、Allthepeopleattheconferenceare。A.mathteachersB.mathcsteachersC.mathcsteacherDmath'steachers()2、AlltheinthehospitalgotariselastmonthoA.womendoctorsB.womendoctorC.womandoctorsD.womandoctor()3、■--Arethereanyonthefarm?一-Yes,therearesome0A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep()4、■一Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem?---Certainly。A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters()5>MikehurtoneofhisintheaccidentyesterdayoA.toothB.feetC.handD.ear()6>ThereissomeontheplateoA.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears()7、ThelittlebabyhastwoalreadyoA.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths()8>Weneedsomemore.Canyougoandgetsome,please?A.potatoB.potatosC.potatoesD.potatoe()9>PleaseremembertogivethehorsesometreeA.leafsB.leavesC.leafD.leaveThereisinourroom()10、HegaveusonhowtokeepfitoA.someadvicesB.someadviceC.anadviceD.aadvice()11、Pleasepassme.A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwatersC.twoglassesofwaterD.twoglasswater()12、Therearealotofdowntherebuthardlyany0A.sheeps,peopleB.sheep,peopleC.sheeps,peoplesD.sheep,peoples()13、Thistableismadeof。A.manyglassB.glassesC.someglassesD.glass()14>cangetabetterviewofthegamethantheparticipantso

38A.Looker-onB.Lookers-onC.Looker-onsD.Lookers-ons)15、Someareflyingkitesneartheriver。A.childB.boyC.boysD.childs)16、Mr.Smithalwayshastotellus.A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnews)17、Twelvewerehurt,butnowerelostinthataccidentoA.person;lifeB.pcople;livesC.peoplcs;livesD.pcrsons;life)18、Intheviewoftheforeignexperts,therewasn'toilhere。A.muchB.lotsofC.agreatdealofD.many)19、Thepoliceinvestigatedthoseabouttheaccident0A.stander-byC.standers-byB.standcr-bysD.standcrs-bys)20、GenerallytherearetelevisionprogramsforchildrenonSaturdayoA.littleB.muchC.alargenumberofD.alargcamountof答案：1-5CADBB6—10BCCBB11—15CBDBC16—20BBABCNeverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday.今日事今11毕.第9讲英语冠词的用法导入：abook;auniversity;anhour;anoldman;thesun;themoon同学们，我们把这些词叫做（）词。I.冠词的分类冠词可以分为不定冠词（a/an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词）。H.不定冠词的用法不定冠词a（an）表示的意思是“一个”。a用于辅音音素开头的词前；abookamanausefulpen而an则用于元音音素开头的词前。anappleanorangeanhouranoldman注意:这里讲的音素指的是发音，不是指辅音字母。1.用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示“一”。Thereisanappleontheplate.a.a（an）虽表示“一个%但不强调数量，而是强调类别；one则强调数量。例：Iboughtacomputer.我买了一台电脑。（不是收音机和电视机）Iboughtonecomputer.我买了一台电脑。（不是两台）Wouldyoulikeanicecream?来一客冰淇淋好吗？（不是别的食物）Shegaveoneicecreamtothemeach,她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。（不是两根）b.表示数量对比时，要用one,不用a(an)o我有一支红铅笔，但是他有三支。Ihavearedpencil,butshehasthree.(误)Ihaveoneredpencil,butshehasthree.(IE)我只需要一美元，但他给了我两美元。

39Ionlywantadollar,buthehasgivenmetwo.(误)Ionlywantonedollar,buthehasgivenmetwo.(IE)2.表示一类人或物。Adogisacuteanimal.3.第一次提到某人或某物。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Agirlwantstoseeyou.一位姑娘要见你。4.用于专有名词前，表示不认识某人AZhangcalledyoujustnow.一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。AMr.Smithwantedtoseeyou.有位史密斯先生想要见你。5.表示身份、职业不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业，尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。例：Sheisahighschoolteacher.HernameisLiFang.她是一位中学教师,名叫李芳。TheWhiteswantedtheirdaughtertobeamusician.怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。提示表示某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任，或表示某人的头衔，则不用冠词。例：Heiscaptainoftheteam.他是球队队长。ZhangFei,monitoroftheirclass,isgoodatEnglish.张飞是他们的班长，英语很棒。6.用在表示自然现象的名词前这类名词有:rain雨，wind风,fog雾，snow雪，air空气，storm风暴，snowstonn暴风雪这类名词前有形容词修饰时，可用不定冠词，表示“一场，一阵，一种“例：Acoldwindisblowingfromthenorth.冷风从北方吹来。Therewasaheavyrainlastnight.昨晚下了一场大雨。Aheavysnowisfallingoutside.外面正下着大雪。注意：这类名词表示一般物质时，不用冠词。例：Rainfallsinsummer;snowfallsinwinter.夏天下雨，冬天下雪。Mancan*tlivewithoutair.没有空气人不能活。7.在一些固定搭配中alotoBalittle/afew/apairof?asetof等Ilk定冠词的用法定冠词(the)是this/these/that/those的总称，放在名词前，表示特定的事物或人。定冠词the,在以辅音音素开头的词前读作［6可，在以元音音素开头的词前读作［6i］。例：thetable那张桌子theanimal那只动物1.第二次提到某人或某物，用定冠词theLook!Thereisaballunderthetable.Theballismine.2.用于指说话双方都知道的事物或人。Pleaseclosethedoor!

401.表示世上独一无二的事物。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.2.定冠词放在姓氏复数前，表示“……一家”。TheGreensarefromAustralia.3.定冠词后接单数名词表示一类人或物。Thedogisakindofcuteanimal.提示不定冠词+单数名词，不带冠词的复数名词也可表示一类人或物。例：Acarrunsfasterthanabus.小汽车比公交车跑得快。Carsrunfosterthanbuses.Adogisafaithfulanimal.狗是忠实的动物。Dogsarefaithfulanimals.4.定冠词和形容词连用，也可以代表某类人或物。thepoorthebadtherichthegood5.演奏某项乐器时，乐器前需加the。如：playthedrums/playthepiano/playtheviolin6.用在表示方向、方位的名词前这类词theeast东方，thewest西方，thesouth南方，有：thenorth」匕方，theright右边，theleft左边例：Thebirdsareflyingtothenorth.这些鸟向北方飞去。Themoonrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.月亮从东方升起，在西方落下。Thewindwasblowingfromthesouth.风从南方吹来。ShelivedtothewestoftheSummerPalace.她住在颐和园的西边。Walkalongtheroadandtakethefirstturningontheright.沿着这条路往前走，在第一个路口往右拐。Hestoodatthebackofthedoor.他站在门背后。提示方位词成对使用构成平行结构时，不用定冠词。例：Theriveristwothousandkilometerslongfromwesttoeast.这条河自西向2000公里长。Theytraveledthroughthecountryfromsouthtonorth.他们自南向北在这个国家旅行。7.在一些固定搭配中。如：inthemorningintheafternoon在下午intheevening在晚上alltheyearround-*年到头IV.总结。V.练习

41一.在空白处填入a/an或the。1.・•・Mum,whatshallwehavefordinner?-Dumplings.■--Oh,whatwonderfuldinner!Ienjoyitverymuch.2.PLAwasfoundedonAugust1st,19273.Kingscametousatnoon.4.ThescientistsfromUnitedStatesliveinNinthStreet.5.Thedoctortohim,"Takemedicinetwiceday.Stayinbedandyou'llbebettersoon.”6.September10thisTeachers*Day.7.MrBlackarrivedhereonTuesdaymorning.8.Therearefourseasonsinyear.firstseasonisspring.Itisbestoneoffour.9.Somepeoplehavebeentomoon,inspaceship.10.Chinaisoldcountrywithlonghistory答案:1./,a2.the,/3.the,/4.the,the5.the,a,/6./7./8.a,the,the,the9.the,/10・・/,anJa二、选择填空：(A./B.aC.anD.the)1.Theyarelivinghappylifenow.2.bagondeskismine.3.Thereisemptyboxonthetable.4.Doyoulikemusicofthefilm"Titanic**?5.0nSaturday,Istayinbedtill12:00.6.BrownshavebeentoChinatwice.7.Don'tmakeanynoiseinclass.8.Thisissuchinterestingstorythatyoumustlistentoit.9.NextweektheywillgotoAustraliabyair.10.Whichisbigger,sunormoon?答案：1——5BDCDA6——10DACAD三、在空白处填入a/an或the。1.ThismorningIboughtnewspaperandmagazine.newspaperisinmybagbutIdon'tknowwhereIputmagazine.1.1sawaccidentthismorning.carcrashedintotree.driverofcarwasn'thurtbutcarwasbadlydamaged.3.Therearetwocarsparkedoutside:blueoneandgreyone.

42blueoneismyneighbour's;Idon'tknowwhoownerofgreyoneis.3.Myfriendsliveinoldhouseinsmallvillage.Thereisbeautifulgardenbehindhouse.Iwouldliketohavegardenlikethat.答案：l.aThethe2.an,a,a,The,the,the3.A,a,thethe,the4.an,a,a,the,aGreathopemakesgreatman.伟大的思想造就伟大的人.第十讲零冠词用法讲解与练习零冠词导入：playfboballinJanuaryhavelunch同学们，这些横线上可以填写冠词吗？I.零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词、定冠词，也没有其他限定词的现象II.名词前不用冠词的情况1专有名词前不用冠词January一月May五月October十月spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter冬天专有名词前不用定冠词，包括人名、地名、月份、周日、节日等。Monday星期一Friday星期五Sunday星期天ChristmasDay圣诞节NewYear'sDay元旦NewYear'sEve除夕NationalDay国庆节Teacher'sDay教师节Mary玛丽Jones琼斯Mr.Brown布朗先生PorfessorSmith史密斯教授Asia亚洲China中国.Britain英国Beijing北京NewYork纽约ShanghaiRoad上海路TianAnMenSquare天安门广场Springiscoming.春天就要到了。Thesebirdsflytothesouthinwinter.这些鸟冬天飞往南方。ShecameonFriday.她星期五来的。提示a如果月份、季节名词带有修饰语，表示特定的时间，要加定冠词。季节名词在上下文中表示特定的一段时间，要加定冠词。例：Theybuiltthebridgeinthespringof2003.他们是在2003年的春天修建这座桥的。ThefirebrokeoutontheFridaywhentheywerenotathome.失火是在星期五，当时他们不在家。Theseanimalseatnothingallthroughthewinter.这些动物整个冬天都不吃东西。b但要说the

43SpringFestival（春节），以festival组成的节日名称前要加the.例：theMid-autumnFestival中秋节theDragon-boatFestival端午节2物质名词表示一般概念时，不用冠词例：Waterboilsat100℃.水在摄氏100度沸腾。Riceisgrowninthesouth.南方种水稻。Theyareshortoffood.他们缺少食物。提示a如果物质名词表示特指或有定语修饰，则要加定冠词。比：Snowisfallinghard.雪正下得很大。Thesnowinthefieldhasmelted.田里的雪已经融化了。Shelikesmilkverymuch.她非常喜欢喝牛奶。Themilkinthebottlehasgonesour.瓶里的牛奶酸了。b物质名词用于表示“一客、・杯、一份、一一种、阵”时，要用不定冠词。例：Pdlikeanicecream.我要一客冰淇淋。Ateaandtwocoffees,please.请来一杯茶、两杯咖啡。Therewasaheavyrainthismorning.今天早上下了一场大雨。3抽象名词表示•般概念时，不用冠词例：Doeshelikemusic?他喜欢音乐吗？Knowledgeispower.知识就是力量。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。提示a抽象名词有定语修饰，表示特指时，要加定冠词。例：IlikethemusicoftheTVplay.我喜欢这部电视剧中的音乐。b抽象名词表示“一种，一类，一次，-番，一例”等概念时，要加不定冠词。例：Mathsisascience.数学是一门科学°Helivesah叩pyHfe.他过得幸福的生活。ShehasagoodknowledgeofEnglish.她精通英语。Lefsgoforaswim.我们去游泳吧。Hehadawashfirst.他先洗了洗。4表示一日三餐的名词前不用冠词例；Iusuallyhavebreakfastatseven.我通常在七点钟吃早饭。Hedoesn'thavelunchathome.他通常不在家吃午饭。Dinnerisready.饭准备好了。提示

44a三餐名词前有定语修饰时，特指某一餐，要用不定冠词。例：Wehadawonderfullunch.我们吃了一顿很丰盛的午餐。Theyhadanicedinnerlastnight.他们昨晚吃了一顿丰盛的饭。b表示某一次具体的餐食，要用定冠词。例：T例lunchwascookedwell.那顿午饭做得很好。Didyouenjoythedinnerathishouse?他家的饭你喜欢吗？cmeal常同不定冠词连用，泛指一顿饭。例：Shecooksahotmealintheevening,晚上她总会烧一顿热饭。HehadabigmealathisuncleTs.他在叔叔家大吃了•顿。5表示体育运动、棋牌的名词前不用冠词例：Heplaysfootballafterschool,他放学后踢足球。Thestudentsareplayingbasketballoverthere.学生们在那边打篮球。Heisgoodatplayingchess.他象棋下得好。TheyplaycardsonSundays,他们常有星期天打牌。6表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词例：SheteachesEnglishinamiddleschool.她在一所中学教英语。Chemistryisnoteasytolearn.化学不容易学。CanyouspeakJapanese?你会说I卜语吗？WehaveChineseandmathematicsinthemorning.我们上午学习语文和数学。7表示称呼语、职位、头衔的名词前不用冠词例：Wlierearemyshoes,mom?我的鞋在哪里，妈妈?Tom,goandfetchsomewater.汤姆，去弄点水来。Nowchildren,listentomecarefully.孩子们，请认真听我讲。Mr.Xuteachesusmaths.徐老师教我们数学。PresidentLiwillcometoourclass.李校长将来我们班。Hewasoncemayorofthecity.他曾经是这个市的巾长。Theymadehimmonitor.他们让他当班长。Johnwasca—tainoftheteam,约翰是队长。8.某些个体名词，如：school,church,hospital,bed,prison,table等，表示抽象意义或相关的活动时，不加冠词；而如果表示具体地点，则要加定冠词。例：Thechildrengotoschoolatseveneverymorning,孩子们每天早晨7点钟上学。FatherwenttotheschooltoseeMr.Chen,父亲去学校看望陈老师°Igotobedatabouteleven.我大约11点钟睡觉。HesatonthebedandwatchedTV.他坐在床上看电视。Theyareinchurchnow,他们正在做礼拜。Ipassedthechurchonmywayhome.我回家的路上经过那个教堂。

45HewassenttoDrisonforstealing.他因偷窃而坐牢。Attheendofroadyoucanseetheprison.在路的尽头，伪;能看见那所监狱。TheWangsareattable.王家一家人在吃饭。Isthisthetableyouboughtyesterday?这就是你昨天买的那张桌子吗？Iwenttotowntodosomeshoppingyesterday.我昨天进城购物。Hewasbominthetownfifteenyearsago.他15年前出生在那座小城里。Heisseriouslyillandmustbesenttohospitalatonce.他病得很重，必须马上送医院。Heisgoingtothehospitaltobuysomemedicine.他打算去医院买些药。gotocollege上大学gotothecollege去那所大学（办事）goto（the）markettobuyfood上市场买菜onthemarket出售提示a.在cinema,theatre前常要用定冠词。例：Shewenttothecinema（/movies）onceaweek.她每周看一次电影。Theywenttothetheatrelastnight.他们昨晚去看戏了。Heprefersthecinematothetheatre.他喜欢看电影，不喜欢看戏。b.infrontof表示“在前面”,相当于before,而inthefrontof则表示“在某物内部的前部工例：Thedriversawaboystandinginfixmtofthebus.司机看见一个男孩站在公共汽车的前面。Thedrivesatinthefrontofthebus.司机坐在公共汽车的前部。8.表示一类人或物的复数名词前不用冠词例：Birdsareourfriends.鸟是我们的朋友。Wearefondofsports.我们喜爱运动°Teachersshouldbekindtotheirstudents.教师应该对学生友善。Boysareusuallystrongerthangirls.男孩子通常比女孩子力气大。提示表示某一类人或物时，可用下面三种方法：狗是忠实的动物。Thedogisafaithfulanimal.（用定冠词）Adogisafaithfulanimal,（用不定冠词）Dogsarefaithfulanimals.（用复数形式，不加定冠词）9.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格时，不可再加冠词。例：这是我的书。Thisisamybook.（误）Thisismybook.（正）汤姆的母亲是一位医生。

46TheTom'smotherisadoctor.（误）Tom'smotherisadoctor.(正)Whichbusdidyoutake?你乘哪路公交车？8.家庭成员mother,father,uncle,aunt等家庭成员名称前不用冠词.例：Motheriswateringtheflowers.妈妈在浇花。Fatherhasgonefishing.父亲钓鱼去了。Uncleboughtatoyforme.舅舅给我买了一个玩具。NurseiskissingBaby.阿姨在亲吻宝宝。零冠词的用法Sheisasingeranddancer.她是歌唱家，同时也是舞蹈家。Theyarea_singerandadancer.他们是一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。Theteacherandwriterhascome.那位教师兼作家已经来了。Theteacherandthewriterhavecome.那位教师和那位作家一经来了。ItisanEnglishandChinesedictionary.这是一本英汉词典。TheyareanEnglishandaChinesedictionary,它们是一本英语词典和一本汉语词典。9.在固定搭配中，名词前不需要用冠词。如：gotoschoolgotobedsitattablestayinbedn.选择填空。()1.一DoesJimhaveruler?-Yes，hehas.A.an；someB.a；oneC.a；/D.any；one()2.Thereisoldb汰e.oldbikeisMrZhao's.A.an；TheB.the；AnC.a；TheD.the；The()3.appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.A.TheB.AC.AnD.Two()4.——Howmanybooksdoyouhave?一Ihavebook.That'sEnglishbook.A.a；anB.a；oneC.one：anD.one；one()5.AtthattimeTomwasone-year-oldbaby.A.aB.anC.theD./()6.tigerisChina.A.The；aB.A；theC.The；fromD.The；the()7.Wecan'tseesunatnight.A.the；theB.the；/C.a；/D./；/()8.usefulbookitis1A.WliatanB.HowaC.WhataD.What()9.Oneafternoonhefoundhandbag.Therewasthecomerofhandbag.A.a；an；theB.a；a；theC.an；an；anD.the；a；a()10.oldladywithwhitehair

47spokeEnglishwellatmeeting.A.An；an；aB.The；/；anC.The；/；aD.The；/；the)11.GreatWallislongestwallintheworld.A.A；aB.The；theC.A；theD.The；a)12.newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.A.The；aB.A；/C.A：theD.An；the)13.womanoverthereispopularteacherinourschool.A.A；anB.The；aC.The；theD.A；the)14.Heusedtobeteacherbutlaterheturnedwriter.A.a：aB.a；theC./;aD.a；/)15.Theymadehimking.A.aB.theC.anD./)16.HisfatherisEnglishteacher.Heworksinourschool.A.aB.anC.theD./)17.IsheAmericanboy?A.anB.aC.oneD./)18.DoesTomoftenplayfootballafterschool?A./；/B./；theC.the；/D.a；/)19.Theypassedourschooldaybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the)20.AustraliaisEnglish-speakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./)21.Shehasorangeskirt.skirtisnice.A.a；TheB.an；TheC.an：AD.the；The)22.Thisisapple.It'sbigapple.A.an；aB.a；theC.a；anD.an；the)23.Lookathorseoverthere.A.aB.anC.theD./)24.Don*tplaybasketballhere.It'sdangerous.A.aB.anC./D.the)25.Thereisoldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an)26.Beijingisbeautifulcity.It*scapitalofChina.A.a；aB.the；theC./；theD.a：the)27.ShanghaiisineastofChina.A./B.anC.aD.the)28.I'vebeenastudenttherefornearlytwoandhalfyears.A.aB.anC.theD./)29.BillisEnglishteacher.Helikesplayingfootball.

48A.a：theB.an：theC.a：/D.an：/)30.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalfhourtogettherebybus.A.an：/B.an；aC.a；/D./；/答案：1.B2.A3.C4.C5.A6.C7.B8C9.A10.D11.B12.C13.B14.D15.D16.B17.A18.A19.D20.B21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.D28.A29D30AWheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入乡随俗.第"I^一讲Therebe句型讲解与练习导入：Thereisabirdinthetree.Thereisanappleinthebasket.Therearesomebooksonthedeak.Therewillbeasportsmeetingtomorrow.同学们，我们把上面的句型叫()句型。LTherebe句型定义：Therebe结构主要用以表达“某地有某人(某物户。其基本句型为“Therebe+某物或某人(主语)+某地”。II.be动词的选择：Therebe结构中的谓语动词be(is/are)在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is；主语是复数时用are。HI具体结构：(1)Thereis+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.E.g.Thereisadeskintheclassroom.在教室里有一张桌子。(2)Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.E.g.Thereare5applesinthebox.盒子里有五个苹果。口诀："有”字放前面，有"啥''放中间；时间地点放后面；单数is,复数are注意be的两变化。IV.、句型变化：(1)、否定句：therebe的否定式通常在be后加not。E.g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.树下有一辆自行车。Thereisn'tabikeunderthetree.E.g.Thereare2littlegirlsintheroom.在房间里有两个小女孩。Therearen*t2littlegirlsintheroom.(2)、一般疑问句及其答语：1、一般疑问句：把be动词提前，首字母大写，句末用问号即可。2、回答时，“用什么问，就用什么答"，用Is/Arethere来提问，就用thereis/are来回答。肯定回答：Yes,thereis/are.否定回答：No,thereisn*t/aren't.E.g.1)、Therearetwocatsinthetree.树上有两只猫。

49Aretheretwocatsinthetree?Yes,thereare.No,therearen*t.2）、Thereisacomputeronthedesk.在桌子上有一台电脑。Isthereacomputeronthedesk?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn*t.【典例】：1.Thereisanewbedandanolddeskintheroom.否定句：一•般疑问句：否定回答：3）some和any在“therebe”句型中的用法：some一些（some用于肯定句）any一些（any用于否定句和•般疑问句）注意：Therebe句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时，要注意把句中的some变成any。E.g.l）、Thereissomewaterinthebottle.在瓶子里有一些水。Thereisn'tanywaterinthebottle.（否定句）Isthereanywaterinthebottle?（一般疑问句）2）、Therearesomechildreninthepicture.图片里有一些小孩。Therearen'tanychildreninthepicture.（否定句）Arethereanychildreninthepicture?（一般疑问句）【典例】：1）.一Arethereshopsnearhere?—No,thereareshopsnearhere.A.some,notB.some,anyC.any,notD.any,no2）.Therearesometablesonthefloor.（变为否定句）（4）就近原则：there是个近视眼。若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。E.g.1.Thereisapen,twopencilsandsomebooksonthedesk.书桌上有一支钢笔、两支铅笔和一些书。2.Therearetwopencils,apenandsomebooksonthedesk.书桌上有两支铅笔、一支钢笔和一些书。3.Therearesomebooks,twopencilsandapenonthedesk.书桌上有一些书、两支铅笔和一支钢笔。【典例】：Theremilkandeggsonthetable.在桌子上有牛奶和鸡蛋。Thereeggsandmilkonthetable.V、“therebe”和“have"的区别

50Therebe表示“存在有“；have（has）表示“所属有”。他们都翻译为“有”，但具体用法不相同，且两种结构不能同时合用。E.g.l）、Ihaveabook.我有一本书。（注：书归我所有，我是书的主人。一所属有）2）、Thereisabookonthedesk.在桌子上有一本书。

51（注：书只是存在于桌子上，但书不属于桌子所有。一存在有）注意：常见的的介词和介词短语：介词：at在••…in在……里面on在……上面under在下面behind在后面near在附近介词短语举例：athome在家inthebox在盒子onthefloor在地板上underthetree在树下behindthedoor在门后面nearthezoo在动物园附近infrontof在前面VI.总结。vn.练习。Therebe句型专项练习一.用be的正确形式填空1.Thereapianoagainstthewall.2.Theresomeflowersonthedesk.3.Theresometeainthecup.4.Theretwotinsofcokeinthebag.5.Therethreebuildingsandabeautifulgardeninourschool.6.Theresomemeat,somebreadandsomeapplesonthetable.7.Thereapictureandaclockonthewall.8.Thereavolleyballmatchinourschoolthedayaftertomorrow.9.Therenofactories,hospitalsandschoolsherefiftyyearsago.10.Theremaysomethingwrongwithyourwatch.11.Thereanymailforyoutoday.12.Thereanylettersinthemailboxtoday.13.Howmanykindsofanimalsthereinthisarea?答案：1is2are3is4are5are6is7is8is9are10is11isn't12aren't13are二.选择填空。)1.Therenoteainthecup.A.isB.areC.hasD.be)2.Thereinthenextroom.A.isTomB.aresomeboysC.aretheyD.istheboy)3.Thereissomeontheplate.A.appleB.breadC.bananaD.sandwich)4.Theresomepaperandapenonthedesk.A.isB.areC.haveD.hasaschoolatthefootofthehill.()5.ThereC.areD.standsintomorrow'snewspapers.B・havenewsomethingA.haveB.stand()6,There'sgoingtoA.havesomethingnew

52C.besomethingnewD.benewsomething)7.Thereissomemilkinthebottle,?A.isn'tthereB.aren*tthereC.isn'titD.arethere)8.isthereonthetable?A.HowmanyapplesB.HowmuchbreadC.HowmuchbreadsD.Howmanyfood)9.Therearesixtyminutesinhour.A.anB.theC.aD./)10.Thereisoldwomaninthecar.A.xB.aC.theD.an)11.There'sorangetreebehindhouse.A.an；theB.a；aC.the；the)12.Thereismapintheclassroom.mapisonthewall.A.a；AB.the；TheC.a；TheD.the：A)13.Thereis'f'and"u"inthewordufbur,\A.an；aB.a；aC.an；anD.a；an)14.Therenotanywaterintheglass.A.hasB.isC.are)15.Thereafootballmatchinourschoolthisafternoon.A.aregoingtohaveB.isgoingtohaveC.aregoingtobeD.isgoingtobe)16.Thereanappleandtenbananasinthebasket.Youcantakeanyofthem.A.areB.isC.hasD.have)17.anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?A.IsthereB.ArethereC.HasD.Have)18.Theregreatchangesinourcountrysince1979.A.havebeenB.wereC.hasbeenD.are)19.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,?A.isn*tthereB.isn,titC.isitD.isthere)20.—Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon,isthere?——A.Yes,thereareB.No,thereisn'tC.Yes,thereisn*tD.No,thereis)21.Thereisn*tpaperinthebox.Willyougoandgetsomefbrme?A.anyB.someC.aD.an)22.Theresomewaterinthebottle.A.areB.isC.hasD.have)23.Howmanyarethereinyourclassroom?A.desksB.deskC.chairD.door)24.Theresomethingwrongwithmycar.A.areB.hasC.isD.have)25.Thereapencilandtwopensinthepencil-box.A.areB.hasC.haveD.is答案：1.A2.B3.B4.A5.D6.C7.A8.B9.A10.D11.A12.C13.A14.B15.D16.B17.B

5318.A19.D20.B21.A22.B23.A24.Ca25.D