2023届高三英语总复习 （人教版2019）并列句和状语从句考点运用（教师版）

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2023届高三英语总复习（人教版2019）并列句和状语从句考点运用一、明备考方向语法填空常考点短文改错常考点写作常用句式1.when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别；2.名词词组theminute,themoment,thefirsttime,eachtime,anytime等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句；3.before和since引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型；4.till和until的用法；5.although,though,as以及evenif,eventhough引导让步状语从句的用法；6.结果状语从句中“so...that”与“such...that”的区别；7.条件状语从句unless,providing/provided,suppose/supposing等引导词的用法；8.“疑问词＋ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”引导从句的用法；9.where引导的状语从句；10.与祈使句、定语从句、名词性从句、倒装句以及与强调句型的混合考查。1.if与although/though的误用；2.unless与until的误用；3.when与until的误用；4.when与since的误用；5.although/though与because的误用；6.although/though与but的误用；7.after与while/when的误用；8.since与though/although的误用；9.after与since的误用；10.when与where的误用。1.表示“一……就……”的句式(1)themoment/theminute/theinstant...，＋主句(2)nosooner...than.../hardly...when...(3)assoonas...＋主句2.not...until...“直到……才……”3.Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before...“过……(时间)才……”4.Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句“自从……以来多长时间了”5.everytime/eachtime...“每次……”6.so...that.../such...that...“如此……以至于……”并列句(一)并列连词①Theycomefromthesamecountry，andtheyaregoodfriends.②IwasgladtomeetJennyagain,butIdidn'twanttospendalldaywithher.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)③Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.④Yesterday,Iforgottopickmydaughterup,soshewaitedinthekindergartenfornearlytwohours.⑤Wouldyouliketoleaveorwouldyouliketostay?规律总结：1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。

12.表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but,yet(然而),whereas(然而，但是),while(然而)等。3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for,so等。4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or,either...or...,not...but,neither...nor...等。(二)祈使句＋and/or/otherwise句式①Workhardandyouwillsucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.②Hurryuporwewillbelate.＝Ifyoudon'thurryup,wewillbelate.③Afewmoreeffortsandyouwillsucceed.＝Ifyoumakeafewmoreefforts,youwillsucceed.规律总结：1．祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...，＋主句。2．祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句。状语从句英语中状语从句总共有九类，分别用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是较复杂的语法项目，但是理解起来并不难。从本质上讲，状语从句就是利用不同的关联词语将几个分句连接起来，以表达分句之间的特定逻辑关系。例如：①Ihavebroughtanumbrellabecauseitisraining.(原因)②Ihavebroughtanumbrellaincaseitrains.(目的)③IhavebroughtanumbrellasothatIdon’tgetwet.(结果)④Ihavebroughtanumbrellaeventhoughit’snotraining.(让步)⑤Youdon’tneedbringanumbrellaunlessitisraining.(条件)因此，学习状语从句的关键是掌握引导九类状语从句的关联词，只要能记住关联词，一般都能识别是哪种状语从句，从而正确分析句子结构并理解句子意思。下面分别对九大类别的状语从句进行举例说明：（一）时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间。引导时间的状语从句的常用引导词有：when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until 等。特殊引导词有：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when 等。1.when/while/as/whenever①WhenIwentintotheoffice,theteacherswerehavingameeting.②WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,theycamein.③Astimegoesby,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.④When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.⑤Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree. 

2规律总结：(1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。(2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。(3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……(，一边……)”或“随着……”。(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when,while与as可互换使用。(5)whenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作，翻译成“无论何时”。2.when的特殊用法①Hewasabouttogotobedwhenthedoorbellrang. ②TheywerewatchingtheWorldCupwhensuddenlythelightswentout. ③Theyhadjustarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain. 规律总结：when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正要发生、正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：①was/wereabouttodosth.when...=was/wereonthepointofdoingsth.when...②was/weredoingsth.when...③had(just)donesth.when...3．表示“刚……就……，一……就……”的常用表达①ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming②Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.③Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.＝Nosoonerhadhefinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.④Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.=HardlyhadIgottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.⑤Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.规律总结：(1)assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...和once这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。(2)nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭配：nosooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把nosooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。【注意】“一……就……”还可用on/upondoing结构来表示。OnarrivinghomehecalledupLester.=Assoonashearrivedhome,hecalledupLester.

34．before与since①Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreasonbeforeyoureachanydecision.(2013·湖南高考)②Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.③Johnthinksitwon'tbelongbeforeheisreadyforhisnewjob.(陕西高考)④ItwasseveralyearsbeforeIrealizedthatDavidhadliedtome.⑤ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedIwaswrong.⑥Asisreported,itis100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.(2011·四川高考)规律总结：(1)before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……，在……之前”。(2)Itwillbe＋时间段＋before+一般现在时。“要过多久才……”(3)Itwon'tbelongbefore+一般现在时。“不久之后就会…”。(4)Itwas＋时间段＋before+一般过去时。“过了多久才……”。(5)Itwasn’tlongbefore+一般过去时。“没过多久就……”(6)Itis＋一段时间＋since...“自从……多久了”。5．表示“每次；下一次……”的常用表达①Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.②Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.③ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.规律总结：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thelasttime,anytime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。6．till,until和not...until①Haveyouheardthemeetingwillbeputofftill/untilnextTuesday?②Iwonnottellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhehasbeenworkingonitformorethananhour.规律总结：(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。(2)not...until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。（二）地点状语从句 地点状语从句表示地点、方位。引导地点状语从句的常用的引导词是where ；特殊引导词有：wherever。例如：①Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.②Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.③Wherethereiswaterthereislife.

4④Generallyspeaking,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories. ⑤Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.⑥Whereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.⑦Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard. ⑧Sitwhereveryoulike.规律总结：(1)地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。(2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。（三）原因状语从句原因状语从句表示原因或理由。引导原因状语从句的常用引导词有：because,since,as,for,now(that)等。特殊引导词有：seeing(that),in(that),considering(that)等。例如：①Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.②Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.③Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthedictionary.④Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.⑤Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.⑥Now(that)theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.⑦Seeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesentforthedoctor.⑧Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquite goodjob.（四）目的状语从句目的状语从句用来说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的。目的状语从句的谓语常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情态动词。引导目的状语从句的引导词或词组有：that,sothat,inorderthat 特殊引导词有：lest,incase,forfearthat,inthehopethat,forthepurposethat例如：①Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.②ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.③Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.④Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.⑤Putonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthat)youshouldcatchcold.（五）结果状语从句结果状语从句表示事态结果，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。引导结果状语从句的常用引导词有：so,that,sothat,so…that,such…that。例如：①Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.②Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.③Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.④Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.⑤Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.

5⑥Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.【注意】so...that如此……以致……。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：1．so+形容词副词+that从句①Thevillageissosmallthatitcannotbeshowninthemap.②Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.2．so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句①Itwassohotadaythattheyallwentswimming.②Hemadesoinspiringaspeechthateverybodygotexcited. 3．so+many/few+复数可数名词+that从句①IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.②Hehassofewfriendthatheoftenfeelslonely.4．so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句①IhadsolittlemoneythenthatIcouldn'tevenaffordausedcar.②Hedranksomuchwinelastnightthathefeltterrible.【注意】such...that如此……以致……。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：1．such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句①Jennyissuchaclevergirlthatallofuslikeherverymuch.②Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.2．such+形容词+复数可数名词+that从句①Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.②Theyaresuchinterestingnovelsthatallofuswanttoreadthem.3．such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句①Hemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisedhim.②Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcethattheglassbroke.提示：such+a/an+形容词+单数名词结构可以和so+形容词+aan+单数名词结构互换。 Hetoldussuchafunnystorythatwealllaughed.=Hetoldussofunnyastorythatwealllaughed.=Thestoryhetolduswassofunnythatwealllaughed.【区别】such/so……that……引导的状语从句和such/so……as……引导的定语从句。①Heissuchacleverboythatweeveryonelikeshim.(状语从句)②Heissocleveraboythatweeveryonelikeshim(状语从句)③Shehadsuchafrightthatshefainted.(状语从句)④Heissocleveraboyaseveryonelikes.(定语从句)⑤Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.(定语从句)⑥Luckilysuchearthquakesascancausealotofdamagedon’thappenveryoften.（定语从句）（六）条件状语从句 

6条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。引导条件状语从句的常用引导词有：if,unless特殊引导词有：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,suppose/supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthat，so(as)faras,ifonly(=if)。注意：条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。例如：①Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.②Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.③SofarasIknow,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.④Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.⑤Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.A.if真实条件句真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。①Ifhedoesn'tcomeat8,wewon'twaitforhim.②Ifafloodhappenedinthepast,therewasusuallyagreatlossoflifeandproperty. B．if非真实条件句在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气。（本部分详见语法专题九：虚拟语气）（七）让步状语从句让步状语从句表示让步关系。引导让步状语从句常用的引导词有：though,although,evenif,eventhough 特殊引导词有：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，inspiteofthefactthat,whether...or(not),nomatter+特殊疑问词,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever等.例如：①Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.②Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.③Although(Though)hewasoversixty,hebegantolearnFrench.④I’llgotoworkevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.⑤Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it'strue.⑥Whateveryousay,I’llneverchangemymind.⑦Whateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart.⑧Nomatterwhohelpsme,Ishallbeverygrateful.⑨Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.（八）方式状语从句方式状语从句表示动作的方式。引导方式状语从句的引导词有：as,asif(though)等。例如：①YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.②Doasyouaretold.③Shelooksasifsheisill.

7④Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.⑤Heactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.规律总结：asif或asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，用陈述语气。（九）比较状语从句比较状语从句表示比较关系。引导比较状语从句的引导词有：than,so(as)…as,themore…themore等。例如：①Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.②Shehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.③Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.④Maryisasoldasmysister.⑤Themoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.=Ifyoureadmore,youwillunderstandbetter.⑥Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.⑦Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.⑧Thesooner,thebetter.⑨Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels. ⑩Themoredifficultthequestionsare,thelesslikelyIamtobeabletoanswerthem. （十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件（有时在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。例如： ①We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.②I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。例如：①When(hewas)stillaboyoften,hehadtoworkdayandnight.②If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.③If(itis)necessaryI’llexplaintoyouagain.④Don’tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.⑤Pressurecanbeincreasedwhen(itis)needed.⑥Unless(itis)repaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.⑦Lookoutwhile(youare)crossingthestreet.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。例如： ①Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（状语从句）②Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句）③Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.（宾语从句）④Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）

8⑤Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）随堂练习1.theaverageageofthepopulationincreases，therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.2.Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigerator________youdon’tcookitimmediately.3.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen，________he’sinhisnineties.4.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.5.________youdo,don’tbeabystander.6.________thelittlepandacried,themotherrockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.7.________somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.8.________onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.9.Itissocoldthatyoucan'tgooutside________fullycoveredinthickclothes.10.________thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime,moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.11.Youwon'tfindpapercuttingdifficult________longasyoukeeppracticingit.12.________thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.13.Just________asinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.14.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears________yougetanotherone.15.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem________wecansolveit.16.________scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon'tknow.17.________thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.18.Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes________itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”．19.Itwasthemiddleofthenight______myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.20.Theyoungcouple，whoreturnedmylostwallet，left________Icouldaskfortheirnames.21.Halfanhourlater，Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi______thebushaddroppedher.22.Even________theforestparkisfaraway，alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.23.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture，________historycannotbechanged.24.Idon'treallyliketheauthor，________Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.25．Youwillnevergainsuccess________youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.26．________youstarteatinginahealthierway，weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.1．C　【解析】考查状语从句。句意为：随着人口平均寿命的延长，越来越多的老人需要照顾。as在此处引导状语从句，表示“随着”。2．if　【解析】考查状语从句，根据句意：当你买了鱼回家的时候，如果你不立刻做的话，最好先存储到冰箱里。可以看出是条件关系。3．eventhough/though　【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管我祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。由句意可知，本句的前后两部分之间为让步关系。4．because　【解析】考查状语从句。句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松，让我忘记一天中的其他忧虑。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系。

95．Whatever　【解析】句意：无论你做什么，都不要做旁观者。whatever引导让步状语从句。6．When/If　【解析】如果小熊猫哭了，妈妈来回摇晃它，给它安慰。when既可表示时间也可表示条件。7．While/Although/Though　【解析】考查让步状语从句的用法。句意：尽管有些人受到成功的激励，而另外一些人却因恐惧失败而前进。根据句意可知，这两句话之间为转折对比关系8．While/Although/Though【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。9．unless　【解析】句意：外面很冷，如果你不穿着厚衣服的话你不能出去。unless除非，如果不。该题实际上也考查了状语从句的省略，其完整形式为unlessyouarefully...10．While/Although/Though　【解析】句意：虽然这项工作花费大量的时间，但是大部分的学生认为这次经历是值得的。While/Although/Though虽然，符合句意。11．as/so　【解析】句意：只要你坚持练习剪纸，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。as/solongas只要，符合句意。12．Once　【解析】句意：一旦造成损害，要花费许多年的时间耕地才能恢复。once一旦，符合句意。13．as　【解析】句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意义一样，一个句子也可以改变一段的意义。justas正如，正像，符合句意。14．before　【解析】句意：如果你错过这次机会，可能得过好几年你才能再得到机会。before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。15．before　【解析】句意：我们需要找到问题的根源后才能解决它。考查时间状语从句。根据逻辑关系可知，“找到问题的根源”在“解决问题”之前发生。16．While/Although/Though　【解析】句意：尽管科学家们对宇宙已经了解甚多，但有许多我们还不知道的。考查状语从句的连接词。该题主要考查让步状语从句。17．While/Although/Though　【解析】句意：尽管那些学生来自不同的国家，但是他们在夏令营时相处得很好。考查状语从句的连接词。18．before　【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：“nice”的含义改变了好几次，最终才包含了“pleasant(愉快的)”这层含义。当表达“还没来得及……就……”时，须用连词before。19．when　【解析】考查时间状语从句。通读题干可知：父亲叫醒我看足球赛时，已是夜半时分。when符合语境。20．before　【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：那对送还我钱包的夫妇，我还没来得及问他们的姓名，他们就离开了。根据句意，我问他们之前，他们离开，before意为：没来得及。21．where　【解析】考查地点状语从句。句意：半小时过后，露西在她下公共汽车的地方还没有搭上出租车。由句意可知地点状语从句中缺少地点副词，故where为答案。22．if/though　【解析】考查状语从句。句意：即使森林公园很远，每年仍有很多游客来参观。根据句意，可以判断出两句话为让步关系，所以用evenif＝eventhough即使。23．although/though　【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管历史无法更改，但我们可以从中获得面对未来的一些教训。根据语境可知前后文为让步关系。24．although/though　【解析】考查从属连词。句意：我真的不喜欢这位作者，尽管我不得不承认他的书很激动人心。从句表示让步关系，故用although。

1025．unless　【解析】考查状语从句。句意：如果你不全身心投入到你的工作，你就永远不会成功。根据句意可知此句是条件状语从句。26．Once/If　【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。句意：一旦(如果)你开始用一种更健康的方式饮食，控制体重就会变得更容易了。攻重点难点(一)引导时间状语从句的从属连词及重点句式1．引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till/until,assoonas,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when,immediately,instantly,themoment,every/eachtime等。2．在掌握时间状语从句时，要注意以下几个重点句式：(1)not...until...“直到……才……”(2)It＋willbe/was＋一段时间＋before...“过……(时间)才……”(3)It＋is/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...“自从……以来多长时间了”(4)It＋was＋notlongbefore...“不久……就……”(5)Nosooner＋had＋主语＋过去分词...than...(正常语序：主语＋hadnosooner＋过去分词＋than...)“一……就……”(6)Hardly/Scarcely＋had＋主语＋过去分词...when...(正常语序：主语＋hadhardly/scarcely＋过去分词＋when...)“一……就……”WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.在别人工作的时候，请别这么大声音说话。ItwassometimebeforeIrealizedthetruth.过了很长一段时间我才悟出真相。Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.＝Nosoonerhadhefinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。(二)引导条件状语从句的从属连词的用法引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if,unless(除非),aslongas/solongas(只要),incase(以防，万一),onlyif(要是……就好了),onconditionthat,providing/provided(that),suppose/supposing(that)等。1．if和unless引导的条件状语从句。if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(＝if...not)表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。Ifwegoonpollutingtheenvironment,theearthwon'tbefitforustolivein.如果我们继续污染环境，地球将不再适合我们居住。You'llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard(＝ifyoudon'tstudyhard)．

11除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。2．incase,onconditionthat,providing(that),provided(that),supposing(that),suppose(that)等词汇意思相近，意为“万一，假使，假如，在……条件下”。Incasethereisafire,whatwillwedofirst?万一发生火灾，我们首先要做什么？Suppose/Supposing(that)theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁？Theyagreedtolendusthecaronconditionthatwereturneditbeforetheweekend.他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。3．aslongas(＝solongas)引导语气强烈的条件状语从句，意为“只要”。Aslongasyoudon'tloseheart,youwillsucceed.只要你不灰心，就会成功。(三)引导原因状语从句的从属连词的用法引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since(既然，因为)，now(that)(既然),seeing(that),inthat等。1．because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问；2．since语气稍弱，表示对方已知的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”，相当于now(that)；3．as语气最弱，往往不是明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。IwasabsentfromthemeetingbecauseIwasill.因为我病了，所以我缺席了这次会议。Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothepark.由于在下雨，我们不去公园了。Now(that)/Sinceeverybodyishere,let'sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都在这里，我们开始开会吧。(四)引导让步状语从句的从属连词的用法引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：although,though,as,evenif/though(尽管，即使),while(然而),whether...or(not),however,whatever,whoever,nomatterhow/what/who等。1．although/though(尽管，虽然),evenif/though(即使)引导的让步状语从句although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。evenif与eventhough表示“尽管，即使”时，有退一步设想的意味。二者引导让步状语从句时，可用陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气。Although/Thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.虽然正下着大雨，但他们还是继续踢足球。Evenif/thoughitisraining,we'llgothere.(陈述语气)即使下雨，我们也要去那里。Evenif/thoughIwerebusy,Iwouldgo.(虚拟语气)即使忙，我也要去。

122．as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况as或though引导的从句放在主句之前时，常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Childas/thoughheis,hecantellthenamesofallthecars.尽管他是个孩子，但他能说出所有车的名字。Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.虽然我很喜欢它，但不会买，因为它太贵了。3．whether...or.../whether...ornot(不管……还是……)；疑问词＋ever与nomatter＋疑问词(不管……；无论……)。Ihavedecidedtotakethejoboffer,whetheritisgoodorbad.不管好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。Whatever(＝Nomatterwhat)yousay,hewon'tbelieveyou.(让步状语从句)无论你说什么，他都不会相信你。点津：whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever既可以引导状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句。但“nomatter＋疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。Youcantakewhateveryoulike.(宾语从句)你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。4．while也可作从属连词引导让步状语从句，相当于although。WhileithasbeenmorethanayearsinceyoutaughtusEnglish,I'vemissedyoualot.(2017·天津高考书面表达)尽管你教我们英语才一年多，我真得很想念您。(五)引导地点状语从句及其他状语从句的从属连词的用法引导地点状语从句的连词有：where,wherever等；引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat,incase/forfear(that),inorderthat等；引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that，such...that,sothat等；引导方式状语从句的连词有：as,asif,asthough等；引导比较状语从句的连词有：as...as,thesameas,morethan...,nomorethan,such...as...等。Weshouldgowherethecountryneedsusmost.我们应到国家最需要我们的地方去。Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.他表现得好像什么也没发生。练高频题点Ⅰ.语法填空题点全练1．Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendthattheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.2．Ifwedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.3．Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.4．Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusicithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.5．theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.

136．onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.7．Youwon'tfindpapercuttingdifficultasasyoukeeppracticingit.8．Justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.9．heoncefeltlikegivingup，henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.10．Itissocoldthatyoucan'tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.【答案】1.so2.If3.until/till4.because5.As6.Although/Though/While7.long8.as9.Where10.unlessⅠ.完成句子并改写1．无论你是谁，都要遵守规则。,youmustobeytherules.(whoever)→,youmustobeytherules.(用nomatter＋疑问词改写)2．迈克是一个诚实的工人，我们都信任他。Mikeis,andweallbelieveinhim.→Mikeisweallbelieveinhim.(用such...that改写)→Mikeisweallbelieveinhim.(用so...that改写)3．为了能看到日出，我们很早就出发去了山顶。,westartedforthepeakearly.→,westartedforthepeakearly.(改写成目的状语从句)4．直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。ItIhadanyideaofit.→anyideaofit.(改为倒装句)5．我们一到车站，火车就离开了。Wethanthetrainleft.→thanthetrainleft.(改为倒装句)【答案】1.Whoeveryouare,，Nomatterwhoyouare,2.anhonestworker,sohonestaworkerthat3.Inordertoseethesunrise,，Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,4.wasnotuntilyoutoldmethat，NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhave5.hadnosoonerarrivedatthestation，Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestation随堂练习一Xiamen,　1　(lie)inFujianProvince,isafamouscoastalcity.AsfarasI'mconcerned,Xiamenisverycleanandpretty.Inthatcity,wecanenjoytheclearsky,thebeautifulsea,　2　greentropicalplants.　3　XiamenisinthesoutheastofChinaandclosetothesea,it'sneithertoocoldinwinternortoohotinsummer.ThebestseasonstogotoXiamenarebothspringandsummer.Besides,　4　aresomefamoustouristsitesinXiamen.AndthemostbeautifulscenicspotisGulangyuIsland.Wecanvisitforeignbuildings,nicegardens,beautifulparks,andtraditionalmuseumsthere.　5　weareinXiamen,　6　wecan'tmissistogotoGulangyuIsland,　7　wewon'thaveagoodtime. 

14However,inrecentyears,Xiamenhasbecomealotmoremodern　8　itusedtobe.Nowadays,moreandmoreskyscrapersandshoppingmallshavebeenbuilt,　9　makesXiamenawonderfulcityforsightseeingandshopping.SoI　10　(eager)wishtospendmysummerholidaytherenexttime. NextyearifIhaveenoughtimeandmoney,IplantohaveanicesightseeingtourinXiamenwithmyclosefriends.Ihopewecanspendthehappiesttimetogetherthere.【答案】1.lying　2.and　3.As/Because　4.there　5.Once/If　6.what　7.or　8.than　9.which　10.eagerly　二Whydoesautumnhavetwonames?AccordingtoMerriam-Webster,“autumn”appearedfirstinEnglishinthe1300s,comingfromtheLatinword“autumnus”.Autumncaughtonquickly,likely　1　itreplacedtheoriginalname—“harvest”.　2　youmightimagine,　3　cropswerecollectedfromthefields,callingtheseason“harvest”mightmakepeopleconfusedbecause“harvest”isalsothenamefortheactitself. So“autumn”appearedinsteadof“harvest”.Thentheterm,“autumn”,　4　referredtotheseasonbetweensummerandwinter,lastedforacoupleof　5　(century).“Fall”asanamefortheseasoncameaboutsometimeinthe1500s,ashortenedversionoftheverypoeticphrase“thefallofleaves”.TheEnglishphrasehadthetruemeaningoftheseasonwithoutleading　6　anyconfusion.Notevenacenturylater,thephrasebecameasimpleword:fall. Aroundthissametime,theEnglishlanguagewastravelingacrosstheglobe　7　Britainexpanded,　8　itwasgoingthroughsomechanges,asmanylanguagesdid.ThiswasparticularlytrueintheAmericancolonies(殖民地).SomeEnglishwordschangedintheUS,whetherintermsofspelling　9　intermsofgeneralusage.Inthemid-1800s,BritishandAmericanEnglishspeakersfurtherdevelopedindifferentways.“Fall”wasthecommonwordfor“autumn”intheUS,　10　autumnwasregardedasthewordforfallinEngland. 【答案】1.because　2.As　3.when　4.which　5.centuries　6.to　7.as　8.and　9.or　10.while　三Ihadhardlysatdownonthetrainandopenedabarofchocolate__1__areallyoldmanwithhugebagssatdownacrossfromme.Isaidhello__2__him,smilingsweetlyandthenIsuddenlythought,“Whynotofferhimapieceofchocolate？”SoIdid.Hewasquite__3__(surprise),butacceptedandthankedme.Hesaidthatpeopledidn'tusuallydothingslikethisfor__4__(strange)—atleastthatwaswhatIunderstood,becausehewasspeakingareally__5__(usual)dialect,andthetrainwasloud.Thenheopenedoneofhisbagsandgaveme__6__handfuloffreshlypickedcherries,__7__(explain)thathehadjusttakenthemfromhisorchard.Thecherrieswerereallylovely,betterthanthoseintheshops,andIenjoyedthemverymuch.Ithadbeenjustanimpulse(冲动)toofferhimapieceofchocolate,butifI__8__(do)so,Iwouldneverhavetastedthoselovelycherries,__9__Ididn'tevenknowhehadatthetime.Lifeisaboutgivingandtaking,andit's__10__(general)truethatifyougive,youwillreceive.语篇解读：本文讲述了作者在火车上的一次生活经历，以此来启迪读者：给予和索取是相互的，给予才会有回报。1．when　【解析】考查固定用法。hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。

152．to　【解析】考查介词。sayhellotosb.意为“向某人问好”，故填介词to。3．surprised　【解析】考查形容词。此处是过去分词作形容词，在句子中作表语，修饰人。4．strangers　【解析】考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“陌生人”，应用名词形式stranger，又因stranger是可数名词，前面没有限定词，故用复数形式。5．unusual　【解析】考查形容词。根据“atleastthatwaswhatIunderstood”可推知，老人说的方言很不同寻常。6．a　【解析】考查冠词。固定搭配ahandfulof意为“一把……”，故填不定冠词a。7．explaining　【解析】考查非谓语动词。explain和主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语he之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式explaining。8．hadnotdone　【解析】考查动词时态。根据“Iwouldneverhavetastedthoselovelycherries”可知，空处表示对过去情况的假设，故用过去完成时；此处表示“如果我没有那样做，我将永远不会品尝到这些好吃的樱桃”，应用否定形式。9．which　【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作had的宾语。定语从句的先行词为cherries。10．generally　【解析】考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词形式，故填generally。