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1、JournalofEconomicLiterature48(June2010):399–423http:www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/jel.48.2.399BetterLATEThanNothing:SomeCommentsonDeaton(2009)andHeckmanandUrzua(2009)GuidoW.Imbens*Tworecentpapers,Deaton(2009)andHeckmanandUrzua(2009),argueagainstwhattheyseeasanexcessiveandinappropriateuseof
2、experimentalandquasi-exper-imentalmethodsinempiricalworkineconomicsinthelastdecade.Theyspecificallyquestiontheincreaseduseofinstrumentalvariablesandnaturalexperimentsinlaboreconomicsandofrandomizedexperimentsindevelopmenteconomics.Inthesecom-ments,Iwillmakethecasethatthismovetowardshoringuptheintern
3、alvalidityofestimates,andtowardclarifyingthedescriptionofthepopulationtheseestimatesarerelevantfor,hasbeenimportantandbeneficialinincreasingthecredibilityofempiri-calworkineconomics.IalsoaddresssomeotherconcernsraisedbytheDeatonandHeckman–Urzuapapers.(JELC21,C31)1. Introductionlastdecade.1DeatonandH
4、UreservemuchoftheirscornforthelocalaveragetreatmentTworecentpapers,AngusS.Deatoneffect(LATE)introducedintheeconometric(2009)(Deatonfromhereon)andJamesliteraturebyGuidoW.ImbensandJoshuaD.J.HeckmanandSergioUrzua(2009)(HUAngrist(1994)(IAfromhereon).HUwrite:fromhereon),argueagainstwhattheysee“Problemsof
5、identificationandinterpretationasanexcessiveandinappropriateuseofaresweptundertherugandreplacedby‘anexperimentalandquasi-experimentalmeth-effect’identifiedbyIVthatisoftenverydif-odsinempiricalworkineconomicsintheficulttointerpretasananswertoaninterest-ingeconomicquestion”(HU,p.20).Deatonwrites:“This
6、goesbeyondtheoldstoryoflooking[for]anobjectwherethelightisstrongenoughtosee;rather,wehavecontrol* Imbens:HarvardUniversity.Ihavebenefittedfromoverthelight,butchoosetoletitfallwherediscussionswithJoshuaAngrist,SusanAthey,AbhijitBanerjee,DavidCard,GaryChamberlain,EstherDuflo,KeiHirano,GeertRidder,Chu
7、ckManski,SendhilMul-lainathan,andJeffreyWooldridge,althoughtheybearno1Thepapersmakesimilararguments,perhapsnotsur-responsibilityforanyoftheviewsexpressedhere.Finan-prisinglygivenDeaton’sacknowledgemen