最新(PPT)-外科学绪论-药学医学精品资料.ppt

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1、最新(PPT)-外科学绪论-药学医学精品资料一、现代外科学的发展DevelopmentofModernSurgery解剖学AnatomyJohnHunter(1728-1793),thefatherofexperimentalsurgeryandasuperbanatomistandteacher.麻醉AnesthesiaWillamt.G.Morton(1819-1868),aBostondentistwhosesuccessfuldemonstrationofetheranesthesiaonOctober16,184

2、6,attheMassachusettsGneeralHospitalwasalandmarkinthehistoryofsurgeryJohnH.Gibbon(1903-1973),pioneercardiothoracicsurgeonwhodevelopedextracorporealcirculation.AlexisCarrel(1873-1944),anexperimentalsurgeoninterestedinwoundhealing,tissueculture,organtransplantation,a

3、ndbloodvesselanastomosis.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1912.傅培彬(1912-1989),瑞金医院外科创始人1954二尖瓣分离Commissurotomyofmitralstenosis1958大面积灼伤SevereBurn1963断肢再植Replantationofcutlimb1977肝移植The1stcaseofLivertransplantation1978心脏移植The1stcaseofHearttransplantation1990s-二医外科全面发展灼伤外

4、科、消化外科、胆胰外科Burnsurg,DigestiveS.,P.Biliary口腔外科、整形外科、小儿心脏外科StomatologicalS.PlasticS.PediatricCardioS.TheroleofSSMUinthedevelopmentofsurgeryinChina二、外科学范畴CategoryofSurgery外科疾病分类ClassificationofSurgicalDiseases1)损伤Trauma—mechanicalthermalchemicalelectrical……2)感染Infect

5、ion3)肿瘤NeoplasiaBenign,Malignant4)畸形AnatomicalabnormalitiesCongenital,Acquired5)内分泌功能失调Metabolic&Hormonaldisorder6)梗塞与缺血Infarction&Ischamia7)其它Others梗阻Obstruction寄生虫病Parasitediseases静脉曲张Veinvaricose2.外科专业发展DevelopmentofSurgicalSpecialties工作对象和性质实验外科EexperimentalS

6、urgery临床外科ClinicalSurgery2)人体解剖系统骨科Arthrosteopedicsurgery颌面外科Dentofacialsurgery心胸外科Cardiothoracicsurgery泌尿外科Urologicsurgery神经外科Neurosurgery普通外科Generalsurgery(腹部外科)Abdominalsurgery3)性病性质肿瘤外科Neoplasticsurgery急症外科Emergencysurgery创伤外科Traumasurgery烧伤外科Burnsurgery4)手术方式

7、整复外科Plasticsurgery显微外科Microsurgery移植外科Transplantation微创外科Minimallyinvasivesurgery5)年龄小儿外科PediatricSurgery成人外科AdultSurgery6)专业妇科Gynecology耳鼻喉科Otolaryngology眼科Ophthalmology3.外科总论与各论GeneralSurgery&SpecialSurgery外科学总论GeneralSurgery各临床外科共同的专业基础基础医学与临床外科学的桥梁外科学各论Specia

8、lSurgery论述各系统、各脏器外科疾病的病因、病理、诊断与治疗●外科分子生物学Surgicalmolecularbiology●外科免疫学Surgicalimmunology●无菌术Aseptictechnique●外科水、电解质和酸碱平衡Fluidandelectrolytemanagementa