备战2021届高考英语名校全真模拟卷1月卷5（解析版）模板.doc

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1、备战2021年高考全真模拟卷·2月卷第五模拟(时间：120分钟满分：120分)选择题部分第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。A（2021·山东济宁市·高三期末）Fireantstunnelsgetdugefficientlybyonlyasmallpercentageofthegroupdoingmostofthework,thusavoidingpileupsintightspaces.Whataboutthefreeloader

2、s?Theyjustsitaroundwhiletheirhard-workingcolleaguesgetthingsdone.Butmightfreeloadersactuallybenecessaryforsocietytofunctionefficiently?Theanswercouldbeyes—atleastwhenitcomestofireantsandtheireffortstodignestsunderground.Fireantsarehighlysocialcreatures.So,Goldman,aphysicistatGeo

3、rgiaTech,andhiscolleagueswantedtoknowhowindividualantsknewwhattodowithoutacentralleaderissuingorders.Tofindout,Goldman'steamlabeledindividualfireantswithpaintandthenwatchedthemdigtheirnarrowtunnels—barelywideenoughfortwoworkers.Itturnedoutthatjust30percentoftheantsdid70percentof

4、thelabor."Iwassurprisedthatweendedupwithsofewworkersactuallydoingtheworkatanyonetime."Aquarteroftheantsneverevenenteredthetunnels.Othersmovedinside,butleftwithoutdiggingasinglegrainofdirt.Thesebehaviorsensuredthecrowdedtunnelsdidnotgetblockedwithinsecttraffic,whichwouldputthecon

5、structionprocesstoastop.Andwhenthescientistsremovedthefivehardest-workingantsfromthesite,othersimmediatelyjumpedintotakeuptheirpositions-withnoreductioninthegroup'sproductivity.Itseemsthatitdoesn'tmatterwhichantsareworkingorfreeloadingatagiventime,aslongasthereissomedivisionofla

6、bortokeepthetunnelsflowingsmoothly.ThefindingsappearedinthejournalScience.Thestudycouldhaveimplicationsforrobotics.Imaginegroupsofrobotssenttosearchtheruinsfordisastersurvivorsornanobotscoursingthroughourbodiestodetectillnessanddelivertargetedmedicaltreatment.Suchrobotgroupswill

7、needtoavoidgettingjammedupintightspaces.1．Whyareonlyafewantsneededtodothediggingwork?A．Togivefullplaytotheable.B．Totakecareoftheoldones.C．Toimprovetheirworkefficiency.D．Tofreesomeantstodootherwork.2．HowdidGoldmancarryouttheresearch?A．Bydirectobservation.B．Byclassification.C．Byci

8、tingpreviousdata.D．Byhandingoutquestionnaires.3