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1、“Onlyconnect”HowardsendWhenyouopen…onlyconnectConnectwhat?Whyconnect?Howconnect?BackgroundIndustrialRevolutionConflicts:‘thecollapseofcivilization,sorealisticforus,soundedinhisearslikeadistantandharmouniouscataract,plungingfromAlpinesnowsintotheeternalbosomoftheLakeofGeneva.’在工业化和城市化的过程中,
2、各个社会阶层、城市和农村、传统和现代之间的矛盾渐渐显现出来。(担忧)OriginsTonbridgeschool——Britishpublicschool(Doubt:undevelopedheart)UniversityofCambridge:BloomsburyGroupG.E.MooreBloomsburyGroupVirginiaWoolf,JohnMaynardKeynesE.M.ForsterLyttonStracheyagroupofwriters,intellectuals,philosophersandartistsTheBloomsburyGroupo
3、rBloomsburySetwasagroupofwriters,intellectuals,philosophersandartistswhoheldinformaldiscussionsinBloomsburythroughoutthe20thcentury.Theirworkdeeplyinfluencedliterature,aesthetics,criticism,andeconomicsaswellasmodernattitudestowardsfeminism,pacifism,andsexuality.ForsterspenthislastyearsinK
4、ing’sCollegeandwasgivenQueenElizabeth’sOrderofMeritin1969G.E.Moore摩尔是英国20世纪初期第一个重要的思想家,分析哲学的创始人之一。在1903年出版的《伦理学原理》中,摩尔强调在新世纪应重新考虑什么是“善”,和建立新的人的行为准则。摩尔的道德哲学支持人类存在的多样性,尤其强调人际交往的质量,用格兰斯登的话说就是“对艺术美的研究和人际关系的建立是生活中最重要的事情。”《伦理学原理》出版时福斯特刚刚离开剑桥,但是毫无疑问,这部作品对福斯特产生了深远影响。从他的作品中我们也可以看到福斯特一直致力于良好人际关系的建立
5、和改善。Themeaningof”onlyconnect“HowardsEndisthemostambitiousworkofFoster,alsothemostcontroversialbook.in70,80yearsof19thCentury,Therapiddevelopmentofindustrialproduction,highlyconcentratedcapital,Britainfirstenteredthestageofimperialisminothercountries.Growingupinthe19thcentury,Fosterpropose
6、dtheideaofonlyconnect,hopetoimprovethematerialandculturalcivilization.Bywhichtosolveindustrialcivilizationbroughtaboutwiththediscord,Foster,asaknowledgeoftheculturalelite,usethe"onlyconnectto"reflectthesocialideasofhumanism.Wedding:建立人与人之间的真诚关系,借以消弭其间的差异和矛盾。HowardsEndThe book is about thr
7、ee families in England at the beginning of the twentieth century: the Wilcoxes, who are rich capitalists with a fortune made in the Colonies; the halfGerman Schlegel siblings (Margaret, Tibby, and Helen), who have a lot in common with the real-life Bloomsbury Group;