欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:59274025
大小:1.58 MB
页数:53页
时间:2020-09-22
《微生态制剂的研制与应用ppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、微生态制剂的研制与应用1微生态制剂的定义和类型微生态制剂是在微生态学理论的指导下,调整生态失调(microdysbiosis)保持微生态平衡(microeubiosis),提高宿主(人、动植物)健康水平或增进健康佳态(wellbeing)的生理性活菌制品(微生物)及其代谢产物以及促进这些生理菌群生长繁殖的物质制品。目前国际上已将其分成3个类型:益生菌(Probiotics)益生元(Prebiotics)合生素(Synbiotics)益生菌,又称益生素,是指投入后通过改善宿主肠道菌群生态平衡而发挥有益作用,达到提高宿主(人和动物)健康水平和健康佳态的活菌制剂
2、及其代谢产物。其基本指导思想是用人或动物正常生理菌群(normalmicrobiota)的成员,经过选种和人工繁殖,通过各种途径和剂型制成活菌制剂,然后再以投入方式使其回到原来环境,发挥自然的生理作用。目前应用于人体的益生菌有双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、蜡样芽肠杆菌、地衣芽胞杆菌、丁酸梭菌和酵母菌等。Probioticsaredefinedviablemicroorganisms,sufficientamountsofwhichreachtheintestineinanactivestateandthusexertpositiveheal
3、theffectsProbioticfoodscontainlivingprobioticmicroorganismsinanadequatematrixandinsufficientconcentration,sothataftertheiringestion,thepostulatedeffectisobtained,andisbeyondthatofusualnutrientsuppliers.Theterm“probiotics”wascreatedinthe1950susedin1965forlivebacteriaandsporesasanim
4、alfeedsupplementsthatshouldhelplimitingtheuseofantibioticsinanimalhusbandry.Thefirstgenerallyaccepteddefinitionwasgivenin1989:aprobioticis“alivemicrobialfeedsupplementwhichbeneficiallyaffectsthehostanimalbyimprovingitsintestinalmicrobialbalance”.Pharmaceuticalproductswithlivebacte
5、riahavealsobeenonthemarketforalongtime,althoughnotlabeledas“probiotic”,andforyearswithoutasufficientproofofefficiency.HealthClaimsforProbioticsCompositionandeffectsofprobioticfoodsandtheirdetectionmethodsneedtobeclearlydefined.1.Aprimaryprerequisiteisthatsuchfoodsbehealthyandsafe,
6、andfreeofpathogenicandtoxiceffects.2.Postulatedhealtheffectshavetobeprovenbyclinicalstudiesinhumans.Invitrostudiesandanimalexperimentalanalysesonlygiveindicationstopossiblehealthrelevanteffects.Theymaybeusefulforidentifyingmechanismsofaction,orforthesearchfornewprobiotics.3.Clinic
7、alstudiesshouldfollowclearlydefinedstudygoalsandarandomized,double-blindandplacebocontrolleddesign.Theirresultsshouldbeconfirmedbyindependentresearchteams,anddocumentedinpeerreviewedscientificjournalsandbedocumentedaccordingtotherulesof“goodclinicalpractice”(GCP).7.Probioticeffect
8、saretargetspecific.Theeffectofpro
此文档下载收益归作者所有