资源描述:
《英语语法之主谓一致完美课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、主谓一致20131202英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。1.并列结构作主语时。▲由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Ayoungmanandagirlwanttogothere.★但如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Aneedleandthreadwasfoundonthefloor.▲当each...andeach...;every...andevery...;no...andno...;ma
2、nya...andmanya...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Nomanandnoanimalistobefoundonthemoon.Manyadoctorandmanyanurseisbusywiththeirwork.▲由notonly...butalso...;either...or...;neither...nor...;or连接的并列主语,谓语动词与就近的名词或代词保持一致。如:Eithertheplayersorthecoachisresponsibleforthedefeat.▲当主语由aswellas,alongwi
3、th,togetherwith,ratherthan,nolessthan,but,except,besides,inadditionto,like,including等词连接时,其谓语动词与前面的名词或代词保持一致。如:Anironandstealworks,withsomesatellitefactories,istobebuilthere.Tom,alongwithhisfriends,goesskatingeverySaturday.2.百分数、分数作主语时。当百分数、分数后面加名词或代词时,要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数
4、形式。如果是复数,谓语动词用复数;如果是单数或不可数,谓语动词用单数。如:Fiftypercentofthestudentsinourschoolaregirls.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.3.不定代词作主语时。▲不定代词each,another,theother,either,neither和由some,any,no,every+one或thing构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:Neitherofushasgonethroughregulartraining.Nobodyw
5、antstogothere,doeshe?Somethinghasbeendonetoendthestrike.▲all作主语表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,谓语动词用单数。如:Alliswellthatendswell.Allareeagertoreachanagreement.4.表示“全体”、“部分”等意义的词作主语时。▲当主语是most,therest,thelast,theremainder等时,其谓语一般应遵循意义一致的原则:如果of后面的名词是单数,则用单数;如果of后面的名词表示复数,则用复数。如:Threeofuswill
6、go,therestaretostayhere.Afterthebigfire,theremainderisnothing.5.“the+形容词/过去分词”作主语时。▲当“the+形容词/过去分词”表示一类人或事物时,谓语动词用复数;如果指某一抽象概念时,谓语动词则用单数。如:Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.6.形式为复数、意义为单数的名词作主语时。▲表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语,谓语动词常用单数形式
7、。如:Eighthoursofsleepisenough.Tenpoundswasmissingfromthetill.7.number;manya...等作主语时。▲thenumberof...(……的数目)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;anumberof...(许多……)作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Thenumberofmistakesissurprising.▲manya,morethanone+单数名词构成的短语,尽管意义上是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:Manyacomradehasthatkindofopportunity.8.集
8、体名词作主语时。▲有生命的词,如:cattle,police等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:Thepoliceareinvestigatingth