新西兰英文介绍(1).pdf

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1、芃NewZealandisanislandcountryinthesouth-westernPacificOceancomprisingtwomainlandmasses(theNorthIslandandtheSouthIsland)andnumeroussmallerislands,mostnotablyStewartIslandandtheChathamIslands.TheindigenousMānameforNewZealandisAotearoa,commonlytranslatedaslandofthelongwhitecloud.TheRealmofNewZe

2、alandalsoincludesTokelau;theCookIslandsandNiue(self-governingbutinfreeassociation);andtheRossDependency,NewZealand'sterritorialclaiminAntarctica.芄新西兰是由两个主要的自转（北岛和南岛）和许多较小的岛屿组成的西南太平洋岛屿国家最引人注目的是斯图尔特岛和查塔姆群岛。新西兰土著毛利人名称是教徒，通常译为长白云之乡。新西兰的领域还包括托克劳；库克群岛、纽埃(自由结盟的自治但）；和罗斯属地，新西兰的南极的领土主张。腿膈NewZealandis

3、geographicallyisolated,situatedabout2,000kilometres(1,200mi)southeastofAustraliaacrosstheTasmanSea.ItsclosestneighbourstothenortharethePacificislandsofNewCaledonia,FijiandTonga.Thecountry'ssharpmountainpeaksowemuchtotheearthquakesandvolcanicactivitycausedbytheclashingPacificandIndo-Australi

4、anPlates.Theclimateismildandtemperateandmostofthelandwasoriginallycoveredinforestsofpodocarp,kauriorsouthernbeech.DuringitslongisolationNewZealanddevelopedadistinctivefaunadominatedbybirds,anumberofwhichbecameextinctafterthearrivalofhumansandintroducedmammals.莅新西兰是地理上的孤立，位于约2000公里（1,200mi)东

5、南的澳大利亚跨塔斯曼海。其最接近的邻国向北太平洋岛屿新喀里多尼亚、斐济和汤加。该国的锋利的山峰，归功于地震和火山活动引起的矛盾冲突的太平洋和印度-澳大利亚板。气候是温和和温带和podocarp、贝壳或南部的山毛榉林原本覆盖着的大部分土地。在其长期隔绝，新西兰开发独特的动物以鸟类为主，其中若干绝种了人类抵达后和介绍哺乳动物。莂薈PolynesianssettledNewZealandin1250–1300ADandEuropeansfirstmadecontactin1642AD.In1840atreatywassignedbetweentheMāoriandBritish,m

6、akingNewZealandacolonyofBritain.Thecolonybecameselfgoverningin1852andwasmadeaCommonwealthrealmin1947.Duringliberalreformsinthe1890sNewZealandbecamethefirstcountrytoextendvotingrightstowomenandtodevelopasystemofcompulsoryarbitrationbetweenunionsandemployers.ElizabethII,astheQueenofNewZealand

7、,isthecountry'sheadofstateandisrepresentedbyaGovernor-General.TheQueen'sroleislimitedandexecutivepoliticalpowerisexercisedbytheCabinet,ledbythePrimeMinister.NewZealandhasclosetieswithBritain,Australia,theUnitedStatesandseveralPacificIslandnations.袈原住民定居新