资源描述：
《M7U2 reading Two life-saving medicines课文讲解学习.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、M7U2ReadingTwolife-savingmedicinesThisarticlewillfocusontwodrugsthatstartedrevolutionsinmedicine.Ifyouopenupanymedicinecupboardorgotoanymedicinecounterintheworld,itislikelythatyouwillfindaspirinandpenicillin.Bothofthesemedicineshavesavedmillionsofpeople’
2、slivesandhaveprovedbeneficialtomankindsincetheywereinvented.AspirinAspirinwasinventedin1897.However,thebasicchemicalusedtomakeaspirincanbefoundinnature.Nearly3,500yearsago,peoplechewedonleavesordrankakindofteamadefromleavespossessingaspecialchemicaltored
3、ucebodypainsandfever.About2,500yearsago,theGreekphysicianHippocrates,fatherofalldoctors,madeajuicefromatreebarkcontainingsalicylicacidforthesameeffect.Itwasin1897thataEuropeanchemistcalledDrFelixHoffmannproducedaspirinfromthischemical.Thefirsttrialsofthi
4、smedicinetookplacein1899,whenthecompanyHoffmannworkedforbegandistributingthemedicineinpowderformtophysicianstousewithpatients.Ayearlater,in1900,aspirinwassoldinshopsintheformoftablets.Withinashorttime,aspirinbecamethebest-sellingmedicineintheworldforpain
5、relief.Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalforreducingfeverandhelpingstoppain,buttherearealsootherthingsthataspirincanhelpwith.LawrenceCraven,adoctorfromtheUSA,introducedtheideain1953thataspirinhadthepotentialtoreducetheriskofheartattacks,becauseithelpedtheblood
6、circulatebetter.Thereportwasignored.However,in1971,SmithandWillisfromtheUKprovedthataspirincouldhavethateffect,andin1977astudycarriedoutintheUSAshowedthataspirincouldpreventstrokes.Elevenyearslater,DrThunfromtheUSAshowedthataspirincouldreducetheriskofsom
7、ecancersby40percent.In1999,aspirinwasover100yearsold,andyettherehavebeenmorediscoveriesabouthowitcanhelpincreasethelengthofpeopleslives.In2003,aChinesedoctor,DrYuanMinsheng,foundthataspirincouldreducebloodsugarlevelsand,therefore,helppeoplewithdiabetes.P
8、enicillinAnotherdrugthathashelpedincreasethestandardofpeople’shealthispenicillin,whichisconsideredbymanytobeoneofthemostimportantmedicinesincontemporarysociety.ItwasdiscoveredbyaScottishscientistnamedAlexanderFlemingin1928
