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1、高中语法系列一名词名词专有名词(ProperNouns)普通名词(CommonNouns)个体名词(IndividualNouns)集体名词(CollectiveNouns)物质名词(MaterialNouns)抽象名词(AbstractNouns)不可数名词(UncountableNouns)可数名词(CountableNouns)I.可数名词的复数变法情况加法例词一般情况以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词以辅音＋y结尾的词以辅音+o结尾的词以f或fe结尾的词加-s加-es去y加-ies多数加-es把f/fe改成vesBrothe
2、rs;schoolsBuses;watches;dishesLadies;countriesHeroes;tomatoesHalves;leaves不规则名词单复数变化:（1）单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,means,species,works(工厂),aircraft,spacecraft,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss（2）改变字母：man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,saleswoman--saleswomen,foot--feet,tooth-
3、-teeth,goose--geese,Mouse--Mice,phenomenon--phenomena另：penny（pence或pennies）（3）增加字母:child--children,ox--oxen（4）以o结尾的词：加s:photo,radio,piano,zoo,studio,bamboo,tobacco,zeros加es:tomato,potato,hero,negro,dingo（5）以f或fe结尾的词:直接加s：roof,proof,belief,chief,gulf,变f为v再加es：life,wif
4、e,knife,half,leaf,wolf,thief另外：handkerchief（handkerchiefs或handkerchieves）beef（beeves菜牛、beefs怨言；牢骚）(6)合成名词的复数形式：①将合成名词中的主体名词变为复数：looker(s)-on,passer(s)-by,mother(s)-in-law②无主体名词,即在词尾直接加-s：grown-up(s),go-between(s)(中间人），good-for-nothing(s)(无用之人）③含boy,girl,lady等的合成的名词：它
5、们始终为单数，其后的名词则用复数形式。如：boystudents,girlfriends,ladydrivers④含man或woman的合成名词：它们随其后名词单复数的变化而变化。如：amandoctor,twomendoctorsB>有些名词单复数形式含义特别常见woodsworkswatersclothescustomsmannerssandsspiritsfeelingsgoodspaperssurroundingsgamesforcestimeslooksarmsconditionsInstructions（森林)（工厂
6、）(水域)(衣服)(海关)(礼貌)(沙滩)(精神,烈酒)(感情)(货物)(报纸,文件)(环境)(运动会)(军队)(时代)(外表)(武器)(形式,情况)(说明)II.不可数名词的”数”1.抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）insurprise惊讶地asurprise一件令人惊讶的事winsuccess获得成功asuccess一个(件)成功的人(事)winhonor赢得荣誉anhonor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)Failureisthemotherofsuccess失
7、败是成功之母。afailure失败者byexperience靠经验anexperience一次经历youth青春ayouth一个青年人havepityonsb.怜悯某人apity可惜的事情withpleasure乐意apleasure乐事2.抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。如：AknowledgeofEnglishisamustininternationaltrade.Wouldyouliketohaveawalk(swim,bath,talk)withme?Itisawaste
8、oftimereadingsuchanovel.Shemadeanapologytohermotherforherwrongdoings.3.物质名词有前置定语修饰时，前面要使用不定冠词。havebreakfasthaveawonderfulbreakfastT
