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1、大家好，今天是这个学期最后一天了，相信大家已经打好行李，拿着车票准备回家过年了。现在我把假期给大家准备的礼物提前派发喽！托福阅读一共20篇文章，建议大家：1.不要查其中的任何一个单词的意思，就是以80%读懂的状态理解内容。2.每篇文章后面的题目帮助大家更好地把握文章结构，furtherconsideration部分是拓展阅读，也许是我们下学期的平时测验内容。3.passage20里面保留了托福真题的测试模式，大家可以自我测试一下。4.阅读时心情不能大喜，也不能大悲，平淡如水吧。 最后，祝大家回家
2、的路上平安，春节愉快！Passage1TheTitus-BodeLawpredictedthattherewouldbeafifthplanetbetweenMarsandJupiter.In1800,agroupofastronomersnicknamedthe"celestialpolice"wasorganizedtosearchforthemissingplanet.Beforetheplancouldbeputineffect,anotherastronomer,G.Piazzi,di
3、scoveredlCeres,thelargestasteroid,inthispositioninspaceonNewYear'sDay,1801.WhiletryingtolocateCeresagain,theastronomerH.Olbersdiscovered2Pallasin1802J.Hardingdiscovered3Junoinl804.H.Olbersalsodiscovered4Vesta,thebrightestasteroid,in1807.Itwasnotuntil
4、1836thatafifthasteroid,5Astrea,wasaddedtothelist.Atfirst,manynineteenth-centuryastronomersdidnotfindasteroidsofmuchinterest.Oneevencalledthem"theverminofthesky."In1891,MaxWolfpioneeredtheuseofastrophotographytodetectasteroids.ThenWolfwentontodiscover
5、248asteroids,beginningwith323Bruscia.Atpresent,around150,000asteroidshavebeendiscovered.Mostarespottedtodaybyautomatedsystemsthatpairtelescopeswithcomputers.AsteroidsvaryinsizefromCeres,withadiameterof570miles,totinybodiesthatareonlythesizeofpebbles.
6、Onlythefourlargest-Ceres,Palas,Vesta,andJuno-arespherical.Mostareelongatedorirregular.Asteroidsarenotuniformlydistributedthroughspace.Manyoccurinclusterscalledgroups,orineventighterclusterscalledfamilies.Familiesofasteroidswithsimilarcharacteristics,
7、indicatingacommonorigin,arecalledHiruzamaasteroids.H.Olbersadvancedthetheorythatasteroidsaretheremnantsofalargeplanetthatexploded.OtherastronomerssuggestedthattheasteroidswereoriginallymoonsofJupiterthatbrokeawayandthendisintegrated.Themostcommonlyac
8、ceptedtheoryamongastronomerstodayisthattheyoccupyaplaceinthesolarsystemwhereasizeableplanetcouldhaveformedbutwaspreventedfromdoingsobythedisruptivegravityfieldofnearbyJupiter.Originally,perhaps,therewereonlyafewdozenasteroids.Thesewereeventuallyfragm
