光伏发电系统设计与安装手册.ppt

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1、PhotovoltaicDesignandInstallationBucknellUniversitySolarScholarsProgramPresenters:ColinDavies‘08EricFournier‘08OutlineWhyRenewableEnergy?TheScienceofPhotovoltaicsSystemConfigurationsPrincipleDesignElementsTheSolarScholarsprogramatBucknell(walkingtour)What’swrongwiththispicture?P

2、ollutionfromburningfossilfuelsleadstoanincreaseingreenhousegases,acidrain,andthedegradationofpublichealth.In2005,theU.S.emitted2,513,609metrictonsofcarbondioxide,10,340metrictonsofsulfurdioxide,and3,961metrictonsofnitrogenoxidesfromitspowerplants.40%85%ofourenergyconsumptionisfr

3、omfossilfuels!WhySustainableEnergyMattersTheworld’scurrentenergysystemisbuiltaroundfossilfuelsProblems:FossilfuelreservesareultimatelyfiniteTwo-thirdsoftheworld'sprovenoilreservesarelocatingintheMiddle-EastandNorthAfrica(whichcanleadtopoliticalandeconomicinstability)WhySustainab

4、leEnergyMattersDetrimentalenvironmentalimpactsExtraction(miningoperations)CombustionGlobalwarming?(couldleadtosignificantchangesintheworld'sclimatesystem,leadingtoariseinsealevelanddisruptionofagricultureandecosystems)ASustainableEnergyFutureDevelopanddeployrenewableenergysource

5、sonamuchwiderscaleBringdowncostofrenewableenergyMakeimprovementsintheefficiencyofenergyconversion,distribution,anduseThreeMethods:-Incentives-Economyofscale-RegulationMakingtheChangetoRenewableEnergySolarGeothermalWindHydroelectricToday’sSolarPictureGermanyleadssolarproduction(o

6、ver4.5timesmorethenUSproduction)–Japanis2nd(nearly3timesmorethenUSproduction)–thisismainlyduetoincentivesFinancialIncentivesInvestmentsubsidies:costofinstallationofasystemissubsidizedNetmetering:theelectricityutilitybuysPVelectricityfromtheproducerunderamultiyearcontractataguara

7、nteedrateRenewableEnergyCertificates("RECs")SolarinPennsylvaniaPennsylvaniaisinfactaleaderinrenewableenergyIncentivesLocal&stategrantandloanprogramsTaxdeductionsREC’s(in2006:variedfrom$5to$90perMWh,medianabout$20)HarnessingtheSunCommonlyknownassolarcells,photovoltaic(PV)devicesc

8、onvertlightenergyintoelectricalenergyPVcellsare